Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm DNA thiab RNA kev sojntsuam yog qhov kev sojntsuam DNA yog cov khoom tawg ntawm DNA uas ua tiav rau lub hom phiaj nucleotide sib lawv liag thaum RNA kev sojntsuam yog stretches ntawm ib leeg-stranded RNA uas yog complementary nucleic acid sequences ntawm lub hom phiaj sequences.
Kev sojntsuam yog ib qho kev sib txuas ua ke luv luv ntawm DNA lossis RNA uas tuaj yeem sau npe rau hauv xov tooj cua lossis nrog cov khoom tsis muaj hluav taws xob. Nws tuaj yeem muaj qhov ntev ntawm 100 txog 1000 lub hauv paus. Kev sojntsuam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tshawb nrhiav lub hom phiaj nucleotide sequences uas yog ntxiv rau cov kab ke ntawm kev sojntsuam. Ib zaug ntxiv, kev sojntsuam tau hybridized nrog cov kev sib txuas ua ke lossis cov phiaj xwm ua ntu zus thiab ua kom nws pom los txheeb xyuas cov hom phiaj sib lawv liag txij li nws nqa cov xov tooj cua. Kev sojntsuam yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau hauv ntau qhov chaw microbial thiab molecular xws li kev tshawb nrhiav cov kab mob caj ces, hauv kab mob, hauv forensic pathology, hauv kev kuaj tus txiv, hauv DNA ntiv tes, RFLP, molecular cytogenetics, hauv situ hybridization, thiab lwm yam.
DNA Probes yog dab tsi?
DNA sojntsuam yog ib leeg-stranded stretches ntawm DNA. Lawv tuaj yeem siv los txheeb xyuas qhov muaj cov nucleic acid sib xyaw ua ke (cov phiaj xwm kab ke) los ntawm hybridization. Thaum DNA sojntsuam hybridized nrog nws cov kev sib txuas ua ke, nws tsim tau ob txoj hlua khi hybrid. Yuav kom kuaj tau lawv, DNA sojntsuam feem ntau sau npe nrog radioisotopes, biotin, epitopes lossis fluorophores. Cov DNA sojntsuam sau nrog biotin tuaj yeem kuaj pom nrog streptavidin-labeled alkaline phosphatase los ntawm ntau txoj kev enzymatic thiab tshuaj.
Daim duab 01: DNA sojntsuam
Cov kab ke nucleotide ntawm DNA soj ntsuam tau paub. Lawv yog cov ntu luv nrog qhov ntev ntawm 100 txog 1000 lub hauv paus khub. Ntev DNA sojntsuam tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis DNA. Lawv tuaj yeem raug tsim los ntawm PCR thiab cloning. Hauv cov chaw kuaj mob microbiology, DNA sojntsuam tau yooj yim rau kev kuaj mob sai sai.
RNA Probes yog dab tsi?
RNA sojntsuam yog ib leeg-stranded stretches ntawm RNA. Lawv yog cov sib txuas ntxiv rau cov hom phiaj ua ntu zus hauv cov qauv. Lawv feem ntau ua ke nrog RNA polymerases los ntawm bacteriophages SP6, T7, lossis T3 los ntawm hauv vitro transcription ntawm DNA. Ntev RNA sojntsuam tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm hauv vitro transcription los ntawm linearized plasmid DNA. Feem ntau, RNA probes khi ruaj khov thiab nruj rau lawv cov kev sib txuas ntxiv dua li DNA sojntsuam. Zoo ib yam li DNA sojntsuam, RNA sojntsuam kuj tuaj yeem sau npe thaum lawv tau muab luam tawm.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm DNA thiab RNA Kev Tshawb Fawb?
- Ob DNA thiab RNA sojntsuam yog ib leeg-stranded nucleotide sequences.
- Ob leeg yog tsim thiab tsim ua ke.
- Ntxiv mus, lawv tuaj yeem sau nrog cov xov tooj cua isotopes, epitopes, biotin lossis fluorophores.
- Lawv muaj kev sib raug zoo rau ib qho tshwj xeeb DNA lossis RNA lub hom phiaj.
- Lawv tau siv ntau yam blotting thiab nyob rau hauv situ hybridization cov tswv yim rau kev tshawb pom ntawm lub hom phiaj nucleic acid sequences.
- Ob hom kev sojntsuam tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog lawv cov kev sib txuas ntxiv.
- Lawv kuj tau siv rau hauv kev txheeb xyuas cov kab mob thiab kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob, kev xeeb tub, thiab lwm yam kab mob.
Qhov txawv ntawm DNA thiab RNA Probes yog dab tsi?
DNA sojntsuam yog luv luv ntawm DNA uas yog ntxiv rau lub hom phiaj sib lawv liag. Ntawm qhov tod tes, RNA sojntsuam yog luv luv ib leeg-stranded stretch ntawm RNA ntxiv rau lub hom phiaj sib lawv liag. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm DNA thiab RNA sojntsuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, DNA sojntsuam muaj A, T, C thiab G thaum RNA sojntsuam muaj A, U, C thiab G.
Ntxiv mus, qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm DNA thiab RNA sojntsuam yog lawv qhov ntsuas kub zoo. RNA sojntsuam qhia ntau dua thermodynamic stability piv rau DNA probes.
Hauv qab infographic tabulates qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm DNA thiab RNA sojntsuam.
Summary – DNA vs RNA Probes
Ib qho kev sojntsuam yog ib feem me me ntawm DNA lossis RNA siv los kuaj pom muaj cov kab ke tshwj xeeb hauv cov qauv ntawm DNA lossis RNA los ntawm molecular hybridization. DNA sojntsuam yog luv ib leeg-stranded DNA fragments thaum RNA sojntsuam yog luv ib-stranded RNA sequences. Lawv paub cov kab ke. Thermodynamic stability yog ntau dua nyob rau hauv RNA probes dua DNA sojntsuam. RNA kev sojntsuam khi nruj rau lawv cov kev sib txuas ntxiv dua li DNA sojntsuam khi. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm DNA thiab RNA sojntsuam.
