Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov noob tu vaj tsev thiab cov noob khoom kim heev yog cov noob tu vaj tsev ib txwm qhia hauv txhua lub hlwb ntawm tus nqi tas mus li, thaum cov noob khoom kim heev tsuas yog qhia hauv qee hom hlwb xwb.
Gene yog chav tsev ntawm kev xeeb tub. Nws yog ib ntu tshwj xeeb ntawm DNA uas code rau cov protein. Ib lub noob yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm txhawm rau tsim nws cov khoom lag luam protein. Nws tshwm sim ntawm ob kauj ruam: transcription thiab translation. Muaj ntau hom noob caj noob ces raws li kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm. Cov noob tu tsev thiab cov noob khoom kim heev yog ob hom noob. Cov noob tu vaj tsev tau nthuav tawm tsis tu ncua hauv txhua hom cell. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov noob khoom kim heev tau nthuav tawm hauv qee hom hlwb raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Dab tsi yog Kev Tswj Xyuas Tsev Neeg?
Cov noob hauv tsev lossis cov noob caj noob ces yog cov noob uas tau hais tawm tsis tu ncua hauv txhua lub hlwb. Cov noob no tsim lawv cov khoom lag luam protein nyob rau hauv ib txwm tsis muaj kev tswj hwm. Cov noob no feem ntau koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes thiab kev ciaj sia ntawm cov kab mob. Cov txheej txheem kev saib xyuas ntawm tes yooj yim feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov khoom tu vaj tsev. Yog li ntawd, cov noob no tswj cov qib qhia tsis tu ncua hauv txhua lub hlwb. Glycolysis, citric acid voj voog, kev sau thiab txhais lus yog qee yam ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwm sim tsis tu ncua hauv hlwb. Cov enzymes koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem no txuas ntxiv ua ke, thiab cov noob uas sau rau cov enzymes no yog cov noob hauv tsev. Lawv ib txwm nyob 'nyob' xeev.
Cov noob caj noob ces yog dab tsi?
Cov noob khoom kim heev, tseem hu ua cov noob tsis yog cov noob lossis cov noob tshwj xeeb, yog cov noob uas qhia hauv qee lub hlwb thaum xav tau lawv cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, cov noob khoom kim heev tsis yog ib txwm qhia hauv lub cell. Lawv nyob twj ywm inactive feem ntau ntawm lub sij hawm. Tab sis, thaum lawv cov khoom xav tau, lawv qhia lawv tus kheej hauv qee lub hlwb. Serum albumin gene yog cov noob khoom kim heev uas qhia tsuas yog hauv daim siab hlwb. Insulin gene yog lwm cov noob khoom kim heev uas qhia tsuas yog hauv pancreatic beta hlwb. Cov noob no dhau los ua 'rau' lossis 'tawm' raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Daim duab 01: Khoom kim heev Genes
Nitrate reductase noob hauv cov nroj tsuag thiab lactose system hauv E. coli kuj yog cov noob khoom kim heev. Genes coding rau cua sov cov proteins yog cov khoom kim heev, thiab. Cov noob no code rau cov khoom tshwj xeeb protein. Lawv cov lus qhia raug tswj hwm.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Cov Neeg Saib Xyuas Tsev thiab Cov Txheej Txheem Zoo?
- Cov noob tu tsev thiab cov noob khoom kim heev yog ob hom noob raws li kev ua haujlwm.
- Lawv nthuav qhia thiab tsim cov protein.
- Lawv tau sau thiab txhais.
- Ob hom noob no tseem ceeb heev rau cov kab mob nyob.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Cov Neeg Saib Xyuas Tsev thiab Cov Khoom Siv Khoom kim heev?
Cov noob tu tsev yog cov noob uas tau tsim los ntawm tus nqi tsis tu ncua hauv txhua lub hlwb. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov noob khoom kim heev yog cov noob uas tsis tas li qhia hauv cov hlwb. Lawv yog cov ntaub so ntswg lossis cov caj ces tshwj xeeb uas qhia lawv tus kheej thaum lawv cov khoom xav tau. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov noob tu vaj tsev thiab cov noob khoom kim heev. Kev tu vaj tse hauv tsev rau cov proteins uas yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm lub xovtooj tas li thaum cov noob caj noob ces zoo rau cov protein tshwj xeeb uas xav tau los ntawm qee lub hlwb ntawm qee lub sijhawm.
Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no-daim duab tabulates qhov sib txawv ntawm cov noob tu vaj tsev thiab cov noob khoom kim heev hauv kev nthuav dav ntxiv.
Summary – Housekeeping Genes vs Luxury Genes
Cov noob yog cais raws li kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm. Cov noob tu tsev yog cov noob uas tau hais hauv txhua lub hlwb ntawm tus nqi tas li. Cov noob no tsim cov proteins uas tseem ceeb rau cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlwb. Cov noob khoom kim heev yog cov noob tsis tas li qhia lawv tus kheej hauv cov hlwb. Lawv tsuas yog qhia hauv qee lub hlwb raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog cov ntaub so ntswg tshwj xeeb lossis cov caj ces tshwj xeeb. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov noob tu vaj tsev thiab cov noob khoom kim heev nyob ntawm qhov kev qhia. Cov noob hauv tsev tau hais tawm tas li, thaum cov noob khoom kim heev tsis tas li qhia. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev qhia ntawm cov noob tu vaj tsev tsis raug tswj xyuas thaum qhov kev qhia ntawm cov noob caj noob ces muaj kev tswj hwm zoo heev.
