Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tautomerism thiab metamerism yog tias tautomerism yog hais txog qhov sib npaug sib npaug ntawm ob lub tebchaw uas muaj tib lub qauv molecular whereas metamerism hais txog cov qauv isomerism uas sib txawv alkyl pawg txuas nrog tib pab pawg ua haujlwm.
Isomerism yog qhov muaj nyob ntawm cov tshuaj sib txuas uas muaj cov qauv qauv zoo ib yam tab sis sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, isomers muaj tib tus naj npawb ntawm cov atoms hauv txhua lub caij, tab sis lawv txoj kev npaj sib txawv. Isomers tuaj yeem raug faib ua ob pawg raws li cov qauv isomers thiab stereoisomers. Tautomerism thiab metamerism yog ob qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cov qauv isomerism.
Tautomerism yog dab tsi?
Tautomerism yog ib lub tswv yim hauv chemistry uas piav txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm muaj ntau lub tebchaw uas muaj peev xwm ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov proton. Qhov tshwm sim no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov amino acids thiab nucleic acids. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv no yog 'tautomerization'. Tautomerization tiag tiag yog tshuaj tiv thaiv. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, kev hloov chaw ntawm protons txhais tau hais tias kev sib pauv ntawm hydrogen atom ntawm ob hom atoms. Ntawm no, hydrogen atom tsim ib daim ntawv cog lus nrog cov atom tshiab uas tau txais cov hydrogen atom. Tom qab tsim, cov tautomers muaj nyob rau hauv equilibrium nrog ib leeg. Cov tebchaw no ib txwm muaj nyob hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm ob hom kev sib xyaw txij li lawv sim npaj ib daim ntawv tautomeric cais.
Thaum tautomerization tshwm sim, cov pa roj carbon skeleton ntawm cov molecule tsis hloov. Qhov tseeb, tsuas yog txoj haujlwm ntawm protons thiab electrons hloov. Peb tuaj yeem faib cov txheej txheem tautomerization raws li cov txheej txheem tshuaj intramolecular ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm ib daim ntawv ntawm tautomer rau hauv ib daim ntawv sib txawv. Piv txwv li, keto-enol tautomerism, uas yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acid lossis base-catalyzed, yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv. Feem ntau, keto daim ntawv ntawm cov organic compound yog ruaj khov dua, tab sis hauv qee lub xeev, daim ntawv enol ruaj khov dua li daim ntawv keto.
Metamerism yog dab tsi?
Metamerism tshwm sim thaum cov pab pawg alkyl ntawm ob sab ntawm pawg ua haujlwm sib txawv ntawm ib leeg. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws yog ib qho tsis sib npaug ntawm cov pa roj carbon atoms. Metamerism belongs rau tib homologous series, uas txhais tau hais tias cov pa roj carbon atoms tuaj yeem nce zuj zus kom tau txais cov isomers sib txawv. Yog li, cov qauv sib txawv tsuas yog los ntawm tus lej ntawm CH 2 pawg hauv cov saw hlau loj.
Cov pab pawg alkyl yeej ib txwm txuas rau sab ntawm lub atom divalent xws li oxygen lossis sulfide, lossis pawg alkyl tuaj yeem txuas rau pawg divalent xws li -NH-. Tej zaum peb yuav tsis tshua pom metamerism vim cov kev txwv no. Yog li, feem ntau ntawm cov tebchaw uas peb tuaj yeem pom hauv metamerism yog ethers thiab amines.
Piv txwv li, diethyl ether thiab methyl propyl ether yog metamers. Ntawm no, pawg ua haujlwm yog ether, thiab lub divalent atom yog oxygen atom. Diethyl ether muaj ob pawg ethyl thaum methyl propyl ether muaj methyl thiab ib pawg propyl ntawm ob sab ntawm cov pa atom.
Qhov txawv ntawm Tautomerism thiab Metamerism yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tautomerism thiab metamerism yog tias tautomerism yog hais txog qhov sib npaug ntawm ob lub tebchaw uas muaj tib lub qauv molecular whereas metamerism yog hais txog cov txheej txheem isomerism uas sib txawv alkyl pawg txuas nrog tib pab pawg ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv tautomerism, isomers txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li txoj hauj lwm ntawm protons whereas, nyob rau hauv metamerism, isomers txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li cov alkyl pawg txuas mus rau lub ntsiab functional pawg.
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm tautomerism thiab metamerism.
Summary – Tautomerism vs Metamerism
Tautomerism thiab metamerism yog ob lub ntsiab lus hauv organic chemistry. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tautomerism thiab metamerism yog tias tautomerism yog hais txog qhov sib npaug sib npaug ntawm ob lub tebchaw uas muaj tib lub qauv molecular whereas metamerism yog hais txog cov qauv isomerism uas sib txawv alkyl pawg txuas nrog tib pab pawg ua haujlwm.
