Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ionomers thiab polyelectrolytes yog tias ionomers yog cov polymers uas muaj ob pawg hluav taws xob nruab nrab thiab ionized, hos polyelectrolytes yog cov polymers uas muaj cov pab pawg electrolytic.
Polymers yog macromolecules tsim los ntawm ntau qhov rov ua dua tshiab. Cov chav rov ua dua no sawv cev rau cov monomers siv los tsim cov khoom siv polymer. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov polymer hu ua polymerization. Nyob ntawm seb hom monomers siv hauv polymerization, muaj ntau hom polymers xws li ionomers thiab polyelectrolytes.
Ionomers yog dab tsi?
Ionomers yog cov khoom siv polymer uas muaj ob pawg nruab nrab thiab ionized. Cov pab pawg no tshwm sim raws li cov pab pawg neeg txuas nrog lub nraub qaum ntawm cov khoom siv polymer ntawm covalent bonding. Feem ntau, ib qho ionomer tsis muaj ntau tshaj 15% ionized pawg. Feem ntau, cov ionized pawg no yog pawg carboxylic acid.
Vim tias muaj ntau ntau hom polymers, hom ntawm cov pab pawg neeg thiab txoj hauv kev uas lawv hloov mus rau cov khoom siv polymer yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov khoom tshwj xeeb raws li ionomer. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias tus nqi ntawm ionized pawg nyob rau hauv lub polymer ntau tshaj 80%, ces nws yog categorized li ib tug polyelectrolyte, thiab yog hais tias muaj ionized pawg txuas raws li moieties ntawm lub caj qaum ntawm lub polymer, ces lawv muab faib ua ionenes.
Daim duab 01: Nafion Polymer Structure - piv txwv rau Ionomer
Ionomers muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb, suav nrog hluav taws xob conductivity thiab viscosity. E.g. Lub viscosity ntawm ib qho kev daws teeb meem ionomer nce nrog qhov kub nce ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv no muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb morphological: E.g. incompatible nonpolar caj qaum thiab polar ionic pawg. Daim ntawv thov ntawm ionomers suav nrog kev tsim cov golf bar npog, semipermeable membranes, sealing tapes, thiab lwm yam.
YPolyelectrolytes yog dab tsi?
Polyelectrolytes yog cov khoom siv polymer uas muaj cov pab pawg electrolytic. Muaj ionic pendant pawg txuas nrog lub hauv paus caj qaum ntawm cov khoom siv polymer. Raws li hom ionic pawg, muaj ob hom ua polycationic thiab polyanionic polymers. Feem ntau, yog tias tus nqi ntawm cov ionized pawg txuas mus rau lub nraub qaum tshaj 80%, ces nws yog categorized li polyelectrolytic polymer.
Daim duab 02: DNA yog ib qho Polyelectrolyte
Thaum ntxiv rau dej, cov ntaub ntawv polymer no sib cais, ua rau cov khoom siv polymer. Qee zaum, cov no yog hu ua polys alts vim tias lawv cov khoom zoo ib yam li cov ntsev thiab cov polymers. Piv txwv li, aqueous daws ntawm polyelectrolytes yog hluav taws xob conductive, zoo ib yam li cov slats thiab cov kev daws teeb meem yog khov, zoo ib yam li polymers.
Qee yam piv txwv ntawm polyelectrolytes muaj xws li polypeptide, DNA, glycosaminoglycan, thiab lwm yam. Muaj ntau ntau daim ntawv thov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no, nrog rau destabilization ntawm colloidal ncua kev kawm ntawv thiab pib ntawm flocculation, siv impart ib tug nto nqi rau nruab nrab hais, li thickeners, emulsifiers., conditioners, etc.
Qhov txawv ntawm Ionomers thiab Polyelectrolytes yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ionomers thiab polyelectrolytes yog tias ionomers yog cov polymers uas muaj ob pawg hluav taws xob nruab nrab thiab ionized, hos polyelectrolytes yog cov polymers uas muaj cov pab pawg electrolytic. Ntxiv mus, ionomers tsis muaj ntau tshaj 15% ionized pawg, thaum polyelectrolytes muaj ntau tshaj 80% polyelectrolytes.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm ionomers thiab polyelectrolytes.
Summary – Ionomers vs Polyelectrolytes
Ionomers thiab polyelectrolytes yog ob hom khoom siv polymer. Cov polymers no tau muab faib ua pawg raws li hom monomer siv los ua cov polymer. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ionomers thiab polyelectrolytes yog tias ionomers yog cov polymers uas muaj ob pawg hluav taws xob nruab nrab thiab ionized, hos polyelectrolytes yog cov polymers uas muaj cov pab pawg electrolytic.
