Qhov txawv ntawm Closo Nido thiab Arachno Boranes

2024 Tus sau: Alex Aldridge | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 13:40

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev kaw nido thiab arachno boranes yog cov qauv kaw muaj n + 1 skeletal bonding electron khub, thiab nido qauv muaj n + 2 skeletal bonding electron khub, whereas arachno qauv muaj n + 3 skeletal bonding electron khub..

Cov qauv ntawm borane tuaj nyob rau hauv peb hom xws li closo, nido thiab arachno skeletal lug, nyob ntawm seb qhov kev npaj ntawm skeletal atoms (boron atoms). Peb hom no tuaj yeem muab faib ua pawg raws li cov cai hu ua "wade rules". Txoj cai wade yog kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov electrons, cov qauv thiab cov qauv ntawm cov qauv borane.

Closo Borane yog dab tsi

Closo borane yog ib qho ntawm peb cov qauv loj ntawm borane uas muaj cov tshuaj formula B_nH_n^{2 -}. Cov boron atoms ntawm cov qauv no yog nyob rau hauv cov ces kaum ntawm ib tug polyhedron. Ib qho piv txwv yog B₆H₆^2-.

Figure 01: B₆H_{6^2- Qauv}

Raws li txoj cai wade, pawg ntawm cov borane muaj "n" tus naj npawb ntawm cov pob txha atoms muaj n + 1 skeletal bonding electron khub. Tab sis, ua ntej siv txoj cai no, peb yuav tsum paub tus naj npawb ntawm cov pob txha hluav taws xob hauv ib pawg ntawm borane. E.g. Txhua chav BH sib npaug ob lub cev pob txha sib txuas hluav taws xob, thiab txhua lub boron atom muab peb lub cev pob txha electrons.

Nido Borane yog dab tsi?

Nido borane yog ib hom qauv borane uas muaj cov tshuaj formula B_nH_n+4. Piv txwv li, borane B₅H_{9 muaj Nido borane qauv. Cov qauv borane no muaj cov geometry ntawm lub pyramid square nyob rau hauv uas ib ces kaum ploj lawm.}

Daim duab 02: Zoo li B _{5 H} 9

Raws li txoj cai wade, pawg ntawm cov borane muaj "n" tus naj npawb ntawm cov pob txha atoms (n=tus naj npawb ntawm boron atoms) muaj n + 2 skeletal bonding electron khub.

Arachno Borane yog dab tsi?

Arachno borane yog hom qauv borane uas muaj cov tshuaj formula B_nH_n+6. Piv txwv li, borane B₄H_{10 muaj cov qauv arachno borane. Cov qauv borane no muaj geometry ntawm ib qho octahedron uas ob lub ces kaum raug tshem tawm.}

Daim duab 03: Qauv ntawm B₄H₁₀

Raws li txoj cai wade, pawg ntawm cov borane muaj "n" tus naj npawb ntawm cov pob txha atoms (n=tus naj npawb ntawm boron atoms) muaj n + 3 skeletal bonding electron khub.

Qhov txawv ntawm Closo Nido thiab Arachno Boranes yog dab tsi?

Muaj peb hom qauv borane xws li closo, nido thiab arachno borane. Cov no yog lub npe hu ua cov qauv tawb vim lawv zoo li tawb. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm closo nido thiab arachno boranes yog cov qauv kaw muaj n + 1 skeletal bonding electron khub, thiab nido qauv muaj n + 2 skeletal bonding electron khub, whereas arachno qauv muaj n + 3 skeletal bonding electron khub. Cov qauv no muaj npe nyob ntawm txoj cai wade.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov duab ntawm closeo borane yog polyhedron, thaum cov duab ntawm nido qauv yog ib tug square pyramid uas ib tug apex ploj lawm. Cov duab ntawm arachno borane, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog ib qho octahedran uas ob lub ces kaum raug tshem tawm. Ib qho piv txwv zoo rau cov qauv kaw yog B₆H₆^2-; rau nido qauv, piv txwv yog B₅H₉; rau arachno qauv, ib qho piv txwv yog B ₄H₁₀

Cov kab lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov nido thiab arachno boranes.

Summary – Closo vs Nido vs Arachno Boranes

Muaj peb hom qauv borane xws li closo, nido thiab arachno borane. Lawv yog lub npe hu ua cov qauv tawb vim lawv zoo li tawb. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm closo nido thiab arachno boranes yog cov qauv kaw muaj n + 1 skeletal bonding electron khub, thiab nido qauv muaj n + 2 skeletal bonding electron khub, whereas arachno qauv muaj n + 3 skeletal bonding electron khub.