Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm porins thiab aquaporins yog cov porins yog cov dej uas muaj cov pores thiab cov channel pom nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias ntawm cov kab mob thiab eukaryotes. Lub caij no, aquaporins yog cov proteins membrane uas tsim cov dej xaiv hauv cov cell nyob.
Ntau cov molecules nkag mus rau hauv thiab tawm ntawm tes hla cov plasma membrane hauv cov kab mob nyob. Yog li, muaj cov kab mob sib txawv hauv cov plasma membrane los tswj thiab tswj cov molecules nkag mus thiab tawm ntawm cov hlwb. Porins thiab aquaporins yog ob hom membrane proteins. Ntawm cov no, cov porins yog cov dej puv pores uas pab txhawb kev thauj mus los ntawm hydrophilic molecules thoob plaws hauv daim nyias nyias. Lub caij no, aquaporins yog cov dej xaiv cov channel uas tshwj xeeb tso cai rau dej kom dhau los ntawm daim nyias nyias.
Porins yog dab tsi?
Porins yog cov dej uas muaj nyob hauv daim nyias nyias. Feem ntau, porins muaj ntau nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias ntawm cov kab mob gram-negative. Tsis tas li ntawd, porins pom nyob rau hauv cov kab mob gram-zoo; tshwj xeeb, nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias ntawm mitochondria thiab chloroplasts ntawm eukaryotes. Lawv yog cov proteins uas tsim los ntawm beta-barrel proteins. Porins ua raws li qhov pores txhawm rau pab txhawb kev thauj mus los ntawm ntau hom molecules, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hydrophilic molecules ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg.
Daim duab 01: Porin
Muaj ob hom porins raws li qhov dav thiab xaiv. General porins tsis yog substrate tshwj xeeb thaum xaiv porins tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyiam hom tshuaj lom neeg raws li qhov loj me ntawm cov porins, thiab cov amino acid residues nyob rau hauv lawv. Raws li txoj cai, feem ntau ntawm porins yog monomers. Tab sis muaj qee qhov dimmers nrog rau oligomeric porins.
Aquaporins yog dab tsi?
Aquaporins yog cov txheej txheem membrane uas tsim cov dej ntws. Lawv nyob hauv tsev neeg cov protein ntau (MIP). Polypeptide chains ntawm cov proteins no txuas rau daim nyias nyias rau lub sijhawm. Ntxiv mus, lawv muaj cov amino thiab carboxy termini uas fim lub cytoplasm. Aquaporins tso cai rau dej hla kev ywj pheej. Tab sis lawv tsis pub ions lossis metabolites dhau los ntawm lawv. Aquaporins pom nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag hlwb thiab hauv cov tsiaj hlwb. Ntxiv mus, lawv pom nyob rau hauv cov kab mob. Hauv cov nroj tsuag, aquaporins muaj ntau nyob rau hauv tonoplast (vacuolar membrane). Tab sis muaj aquaporins nyob rau hauv cov ntshav plasma ib yam nkaus.
Daim duab 02: Aquaporin
Thaum xav txog cov tsiaj txhu, aquaporins muaj nyob rau hauv cov plasma daim nyias nyias ntawm cov cell tshwj xeeb xws li cov plasma membranes ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, nrog rau lub raum nyob ze thiab sib sau cov tubules kom ua kom cov dej permeability ntau tshaj. Hauv tib neeg lub cev, muaj ntau tshaj kaum hom aquaporins.
Aquaporins feem ntau tswj cov dej ntawm cov cell, ua kom yooj yim rau cov dej txav. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis ua raws li cov twj tso kua mis. Kev txav dej hla cov aquaporins tshwm sim los teb rau osmotic lossis hydrostatic gradient. Lub zog tsav tom qab dej txav thoob plaws aquaporins yog hydraulic lossis osmotic hauv qhov xwm txheej. Dhau li ntawm cov no, aquaporins yog permeable rau qee qhov me me uas tsis tau them nqi xws li glycerol, CO 2, ammonia, thiab urea. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv yog impermeable rau them cov kuab tshuaj.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Porins thiab Aquaporins?
- Porins thiab aquaporins yog cov proteins membrane.
- Lawv pab kev thauj cov molecules hla cov plasma membrane.
- Lawv hla cov molecules passively.
- Ob leeg pom muaj kab mob thiab eukaryotes.
Qhov txawv ntawm Porins thiab Aquaporins yog dab tsi?
Porins yog cov dej ntim cov pores thiab cov channel pom nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias ntawm cov kab mob thiab eukaryotes. Lub caij no, aquaporins yog tsev neeg ntawm cov dej channel molecules uas pab txhawb kev thauj dej los ntawm cov cell membranes teb rau osmotic gradients. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm porins thiab aquaporins. Ntxiv mus, porins thauj hydrophilic molecules ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab nqi thoob plaws hauv daim nyias nyias passively thaum aquaporins pab txhawb dej txav mus thoob lub plasma membrane dawb.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm porins thiab aquaporins yog tias cov porins thauj cov khoom siv hydrophilic molecules. Meanwhile, tag nrho cov aquaporins yog impermeable rau nqi solutes.
Summary – Porins vs Aquaporins
Porins yog cov dej ntim cov pores uas thauj hydrophilic molecules ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Aquaporins yog lub ntsiab membrane protein raws uas thauj cov dej hla lub plasma membrane. Lawv yog cov me me, heev hydrophobic, intrinsic membrane proteins. Tsis zoo li porins, aquaporins yog impermeable rau them nqi molecules. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm porins thiab aquaporins.
