Qhov txawv ntawm UPGMA thiab Neighbor Joining Tsob Ntoo

Cov txheej txheem:

Qhov txawv ntawm UPGMA thiab Neighbor Joining Tsob Ntoo
Qhov txawv ntawm UPGMA thiab Neighbor Joining Tsob Ntoo

Video: Qhov txawv ntawm UPGMA thiab Neighbor Joining Tsob Ntoo

Video: Qhov txawv ntawm UPGMA thiab Neighbor Joining Tsob Ntoo
Video: Qhov Txawv Ntawm Lus Hmoob Thiab Lus Mab Mawb 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm UPGMA thiab cov neeg zej zog koom nrog tsob ntoo yog hom ntoo phylogenetic uas tshwm sim los ntawm txhua txoj kev. UPGMA yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim lub hauv paus phylogenetic tsob ntoo thaum cov neeg zej zog koom nrog tsob ntoo yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim ib tsob ntoo phylogenetic unrooted.

Phylogenetic ntoo yog cov duab zoo li tsob ntoo uas qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kab mob. Ib tsob ntoo phylogenetic tuaj yeem muaj cov topologies sib txawv nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem siv rau kev tsim ntoo. UPGMA thiab cov neeg zej zog koom nrog tsob ntoo yog ob txoj hauv kev uas tsim cov ntoo phylogenetic.

UPGMA yog dab tsi?

Nyob hauv bioinformatics, muaj cov txheej txheem sib txawv. UPGMA stands rau Unweighted Pair Group Method thiab Arithmetic Mean. Nws yog ib txoj hauv kev hierarchical pawg. Txoj kev tau qhia los ntawm Sokal thiab Michener. Nws yog cov txheej txheem ceev tshaj plaws uas tsim cov ntoo phylogenetic. Qhov tshwm sim phylogenetic ntoo yog tsob ntoo phylogenetic hauv paus nrog cov poj koob yawm txwv.

Thaum kos ib tsob ntoo phylogenetic siv UPGMA txoj kev, nws txiav txim siab tus nqi evolutionary zoo ib yam rau tag nrho cov kab. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov kev xav tseem ceeb hauv UPGMA txheej txheem. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no kuj yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem vim kev hloov pauv tsis tau txiav txim siab thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntoo. Hloov chaw, nws xav tias qhov kev hloov pauv raws li qhov tas mus li. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev xav no yog hu ua "Molecular moos hypothesis". Yog li ntawd, hauv cov ntsiab lus tiag tiag, tsob ntoo phylogenetic tsim los ntawm UPGMA txoj kev yuav tsis raug thiab ntseeg tau.

Qhov txawv tseem ceeb - UPGMA vs Neighbor Joining Tree
Qhov txawv tseem ceeb - UPGMA vs Neighbor Joining Tree

Daim duab 01: Ib tsob ntoo Phylogenetic kos los ntawm UPGMA

UPGMA txoj kev txiav txim siab ua khub sib nrug los tsim ib tsob ntoo phylogenetic. Thaum xub thawj, txhua hom yog pawg, thiab ob pawg xws li cov kev hloov pauv me me tshaj plaws ua ib khub. Yog li ntawd, nws nyob ntawm qhov deb matrix. Algorithm qhia ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhais cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tsob ntoo phylogenetic kos siv UPGMA txoj kev.

Neighbor Joining tsob ntoo yog dab tsi?

Neighbor Joining Tree yog lwm cov txheej txheem sib koom siv los tsim tsob ntoo phylogenetic. Naruya Saitou thiab Masatoshi Nei yog cov pioneer hauv kev qhia txog txoj kev. Cov txheej txheem tsim ib tsob ntoo unrooted, tsis zoo li UPGMA. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib koom ua ke hauv txoj kev no tsis vam khom rau ultrametric nrug. Txawm li cas los xij, nws txiav txim siab qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm evolutionary tus nqi thaum tsim cov ntoo phylogenetic. Yog li, muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntoo kos siv cov txheej txheem no. Yog li, txoj kev no siv cov lej tshwj xeeb algorithms los ntsuas cov kev hloov pauv no.

Qhov txawv ntawm UPGMA thiab Neighbor Joining Tsob Ntoo
Qhov txawv ntawm UPGMA thiab Neighbor Joining Tsob Ntoo

Daim duab 02: Ib tsob ntoo Phylogenetic kos los ntawm Neighbor Joining Method

Thaum tsim cov ntoo, txoj kev no txiav txim siab qhov kev ncua deb ntawm txhua kab sib cais. Txhua tus kab mob koom nrog cov kab tsim tshiab hauv tsob ntoo. Tag nrho cov nodes koom nrog lub hauv paus node. Yog li ntawd, thaum muaj qhov tshiab tshwm sim, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub hauv paus node mus rau qhov tshiab node yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab suav nrog cov algorithms. Cov ntaub ntawv algorithmic no txiav txim siab qhov chaw tso ntawm qhov tshiab.

Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm UPGMA thiab Neighbor Joining Tsob Ntoo?

  • Ob txoj hauv kev siv cov txheej txheem sib koom ua ke thaum tsim cov ntoo phylogenetic.
  • Ntxiv mus, ob txoj hauv kev xav tau kev siv lej algorithms los txhais cov ntoo phylogenetic.
  • cov ntaub ntawv DNA ib ntus ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ob txoj hauv kev.
  • Ob txoj hauv kev ua rau muaj kev sib koom ua ke hauv qab.
  • Ntxiv mus, kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv loj tuaj yeem siv tau ob qho tib si.
  • Kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas tuaj yeem siv rau ob hom ntoo siv txoj kev bootstrap.
  • Ob leeg ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev faib tawm thiab txheeb xyuas cov kab mob.
  • Ntxiv mus, ob txoj hauv kev muab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kab mob.

Qhov txawv ntawm UPGMA thiab Neighbor Joining Tree yog dab tsi?

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm UPGMA thiab cov neeg zej zog koom nrog tsob ntoo yog nyob ntawm hom ntoo tsim. Yog li, UPGMA tsim ib tsob ntoo hauv paus thaum cov neeg zej zog koom nrog tsob ntoo tsim ib tsob ntoo uas tsis muaj cag. Ntxiv mus, UPGMA yog ib txoj kev tsis tshua muaj kev ntseeg siab thaum cov neeg zej zog koom nrog tsob ntoo yog ib txoj hauv kev txhim khu kev qha tshaj UPGMA. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm UPGMA thiab cov neeg zej zog koom nrog tsob ntoo.

Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no-daim duab qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm UPGMA thiab cov neeg zej zog koom nrog tsob ntoo.

Qhov txawv ntawm UPGMA thiab Neighbor Joining Tsob Ntoo nyob rau hauv daim ntawv Tabular
Qhov txawv ntawm UPGMA thiab Neighbor Joining Tsob Ntoo nyob rau hauv daim ntawv Tabular

Summary – UPGMA vs Neighbor Joining Tree

UPGMA thiab cov neeg nyob sib ze koom nrog tsob ntoo txoj kev yog ob txoj kev uas tseem ceeb thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho tsob ntoo phylogenetic. Thaum UPGMA txoj kev tsis xav txog qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv, tus neeg nyob sib ze koom nrog txoj kev txiav txim siab nws thaum lub sij hawm tsim tsob ntoo. Yog li, qhov nyuaj thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm tsob ntoo phylogenetic uas tshwm sim los ntawm NJ tsob ntoo txoj kev yog siab. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis nrawm npaum li UPGMA txoj kev. Ntxiv mus, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm UPGMA thiab cov neeg zej zog koom nrog tsob ntoo yog nyob ntawm hom ntoo uas tshwm sim los ntawm txhua txoj kev. UPGMA ua rau tsob ntoo phylogenetic hauv paus thaum cov neeg zej zog koom nrog tsob ntoo txoj kev ua rau tsob ntoo tsis muaj phylogenetic.

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