Qhov Tseem Ceeb - Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic mRNA
mRNA yog hu ua tub txib ribonucleic acid uas encodes rau cov protein sib txawv. Kev hloov pauv yog txheej txheem uas mRNA molecule yog tsim los ntawm DNA qauv. Cov ntawv sau mRNA molecule muaj tag nrho cov lej uas yuav tsum tau tsim cov protein nrog kev pab los ntawm ribosomes. Cov txheej txheem uas tsim mRNA los ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab cov proteins los ntawm kev txhais lus txawv raws li hom kab mob. Hauv prokaryotes nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov ntawv sau, mRNA tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov txheej txheem txhais lus thiab tau txais kev hloov pauv tsawg dua thaum nyob hauv eukaryotes, cov ntawv sau mRNA tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem hloov pauv hnyav thiab nkag mus rau hauv cytoplasm rau kev txhais lus. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Prokaryotic thiab Eukaryotic mRNA yog tias prokaryotic mRNA yog polycistronic thaum eukaryotic mRNA yog monocistronic.
Prokaryotic mRNA yog dab tsi?
Cov txheej txheem prokaryotic gene transcription ua cov prokaryotic mRNA. Nws tsis yog ib qho sophisticated molecule thaum piv nrog eukaryotic mRNA. Hauv cov kab mob kis kab mob, cov ntaub ntawv caj ces khaws cia hauv DNA tau muab tso rau hauv mRNA cov ntawv teev lus uas tom qab ntawd tuaj yeem sau rau cov proteins los ntawm cov txheej txheem txhais cov kab mob. Prokaryotic mRNA yog polygenic. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ib qho prokaryotic mRNA yog tsim los ntawm kev sau nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm uas muaj ntau yam qauv. Yog li ntawd, lawv hu ua polycistronic mRNA.
Cov prokaryotic mRNA muaj ntau qhov chaw rau ob qho tib si codons pib thiab txiav tawm. Qhov no ua pov thawj qhov tseeb tias, ib qho prokaryotic mRNA molecule tuaj yeem ua rau ntau hom prokaryotic proteins. Thaum mRNA tau muab luam tawm, nws tuaj yeem raug txhais ncaj qha. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov kab mob, kev txhais lus thiab transcription tshwm sim ib txhij ntawm tib qhov chaw. Hauv prokaryotes, kev hloov pauv hloov pauv txaus tsis tshwm sim hauv mRNA molecule. Qhov no yog vim muaj lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm kev sau thiab txhais lus raws li tau hais los saum toj no. Piv txwv li, prokaryotic mRNA muaj lub neej luv dua thaum piv nrog eukaryotic mRNA.
Daim duab 01: Prokaryotic mRNA
Lub prokaryotic mRNA yog degraded los ntawm ib tug series ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog kev koom tes ntawm ib tug ua ke ntawm enzymes hu ua ribonucleases. Cov ribonucleases no suav nrog 3 'exonucleases, 5' exonucleases thiab endonucleases. Me RNA (sRNA) muaj peev xwm ua rau mRNA degrade. sRNA yog tsim yog tias muaj ntau cov nucleotides uas tuaj yeem siv los pib qhov degradation ntawm mRNA los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke hauv paus. Ib zaug ua ke, ribonuclease cleavage tau yooj yim los ntawm RNase III uas ua rau mRNA degradation.
Eukaryotic mRNA yog dab tsi?
Eukaryotic mRNA yog luam tawm los ntawm DNA qauv hauv lub nucleus. Hauv eukaryotes, kev sau ntawv thiab kev txhais lus tshwm sim hauv ob qhov chaw sib txawv. Hauv prokaryotes, ob txoj kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw. Thaum eukaryotic mRNA raug tsim nyob rau hauv lub nucleus, nws raug thauj mus rau hauv cytoplasm rau kev txhais lus. Tom qab kev hloov pauv, mRNA molecule tau hloov pauv tom qab hloov pauv ua ntej thauj mus rau cytoplasm. Tom qab nkag mus rau hauv cytoplasm, mRNA molecule tau koom ua ke nrog ribosomes los ntawm cov complexes sib txawv tau npaj rau kev txhais lus.
Tsis zoo li hauv prokaryotes, eukaryotic txhais lus tsuas yog pib thaum cov txheej txheem transcriptional tiav lawm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm eukaryotic mRNA qauv, nws tsuas muaj ib qhov chaw pib thiab ib qhov chaw ntawm protein synthesis txiav. Yog li ntawd, lawv raug hu ua monocistronic mRNA. Tab sis ib zaug tau sau tseg, mRNA uas yog hu ua pre mRNA cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg tau dhau los ntawm kev hloov pauv tom qab hloov pauv.
Cov kev hloov kho no suav nrog, ntxiv ntawm poly A tail, adenylation ntawm 3' kawg thiab lwm yam. Lub poly A tails ua rau mRNA molecule ruaj khov dua. Ntawm 5' kawg, tsim lub hau nrog kev pab ntawm guanylate residues tshwm sim. Qhov no tiv thaiv mRNA los ntawm degradation. mRNA splicing yog lwm qhov kev hloov kho uas tshwm sim hauv pre mRNA transcript. Tag nrho mRNA muaj ob qho tib si coding thiab tsis coding cheeb tsam hu ua exons thiab introns feem. Los ntawm kev sib txuas, cov cheeb tsam uas tsis yog coding raug tshem tawm ntawm cov ntawv sau tseg tsuas yog thaj chaw coding xwb.
Daim duab 02: Eukaryotic mRNA
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm eukaryotic mRNA lub neej ncua, lawv muaj lub neej ntev dua piv rau prokaryotic mRNA. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias, eukaryotic mRNA muaj ntau metabolically ruaj khov dua prokaryotic mRNA.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Prokaryotic thiab Eukaryotic mRNA?
Ob tus lej rau cov proteins
Qhov txawv ntawm Prokaryotic thiab Eukaryotic mRNA yog dab tsi?
YProkaryotic vs Eukaryotic mRNA |
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| Prokaryotic mRNA yog RNA molecule uas codes rau prokaryotic proteins. | Eukaryotic mRNA yog RNA molecule uas encodes rau eukaryotic proteins. |
| hom | |
| Prokaryotic mRNA yog polycistronic. | Eukaryotic mRNA yog monocistronic. |
| Prokaryotic mRNA muaj lub neej luv dua. | Eukaryotic mRNA muaj qhov sib piv ntawm lub neej ntev. |
| Post Transcriptional Modifications | |
| Post transcriptional modifications yog tsis muaj nyob rau hauv Prokaryotic mRNA. | Post transcriptional modifications muaj nyob rau hauv eukaryotic mRNA |
Summary – Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic mRNA
Prokaryotic mRNA yog polygenic. Lawv muaj ntau qhov chaw rau ob qho tib si codons pib thiab xaus. Ib qho prokaryotic mRNA molecule tuaj yeem ua rau ntau hom prokaryotic proteins. Cov txheej txheem sau thiab txhais lus tshwm sim ib txhij hauv prokaryotes. Prokaryotic mRNA muaj lub neej luv dua. Lawv yog cov nquag mus degraded los ntawm ib tug series ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog kev koom tes ntawm ib tug ua ke ntawm enzymes. Kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb tom qab hloov pauv tsis yog muaj nyob hauv prokaryotic mRNA. Tsis zoo li hauv prokaryotes, eukaryotic txhais lus tsuas yog pib thaum cov txheej txheem transcriptional tiav lawm. Eukaryotic mRNA yog monogenic. Ib qho mRNA molecule ua rau tsuas yog ib qho protein xwb. Eukaryotic mRNA raug hloov pauv ntau yam xws li polyadenylation, 5 'capping thiab splicing thiab lwm yam. Thiab kuj eukaryotic mRNA muaj lub neej ntev dua vim mRNA stability. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm prokaryotic thiab eukaryotic mRNA.
Download the PDF Version of Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic mRNA
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline lub hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Prokaryotic thiab Eukaryotic mRNA
