Qhov Tseem Ceeb - Deoxyribose vs. Ribose
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm deoxyribose thiab ribose yog tias deoxyribose, qab zib pom hauv DNA, tsis muaj oxygen atom ntawm carbon 2 ntawm lub suab qab zib nplhaib thaum ribose, qab zib pom hauv RNA, muaj ib pawg hydroxyl ntawm carbon 2 ntawm lub suab qab zib nplhaib. Nucleic acids yog tej zaum qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws lom molecules. Cov no muaj peev xwm khaws cia thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm ib tiam mus rau lwm tiam. Lub ntsiab ob nucleic acids hauv cov kab mob lom muaj xws li; deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) thiab ribonucleic acid (RNA). Cov macromolecules polymeric no yog tsim los ntawm cov chav hauv paus hu ua nucleotides. Tag nrho cov nucleotides muaj peb yam, muaj nitrogen-muaj (nitrogenous) puag, qab zib thiab ib pawg phosphate. Peb cov khoom no txuas ua ke los tsim cov nucleotide ntawm DNA thiab RNA. Muaj tsib lub hauv paus nitrogenous sib txawv, peb qhov (Adenine, guanine thiab cytosine) muaj nyob hauv DNA thiab RNA thaum thymine raug kaw rau DNA, thiab uracil tshwm sim hauv RNA nkaus xwb. Yog li ntawd, muaj thymine los yog uracil yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo kom paub qhov txawv ntawm DNA thiab RNA. Lwm qhov sib txawv loj ntawm DNA thiab RNA yog cov piam thaj ntawm lawv cov nucleotides; uas tuaj yeem yog ribose lossis deoxyribose. Hauv kab lus no, qhov sib txawv ntawm deoxyribose thiab ribose yuav tau tham.
Deoxyribose yog dab tsi?
Deoxyribose yog tsib-carbon qab zib pom nyob rau hauv nucleotide ntawm DNA molecule. Tsis zoo li hauv ribose qab zib, deoxyribose tsis muaj oxygen atom ntawm carbon 2 ntawm lub nplhaib qab zib. Yog li ntawd, nws siv lub prefix 'deoxy'. Vim tias qhov tsis muaj oxygen atom no, tsis muaj electrostatic negative charge los tshem tawm cov phosphate tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, DNA molecule yog twisted los ua tus yam ntxwv ob chav helix qauv ntawm DNA molecule.
Ribose yog dab tsi?
Ribose kuj yog tsib-carbon qab zib tab sis pom hauv RNA molecules. Ribose muaj ib pawg hydroxyl nyob rau hauv carbon 2, uas ua rau ib tug electrostatic tsis zoo nqi rau lub molecule. Vim tias tus nqi no, nws tawm tsam cov pab pawg tsis zoo phosphate txuas nrog cov pa roj carbon 1 ntawm cov ribose, ua rau tsis muaj RNA molecules, tsis zoo li DNA molecules.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Deoxyribose thiab Ribose?
DNA/RNA:
Deoxyribose yog qab zib pom hauv DNA.
Ribose yog qab zib pom hauv RNA.
qauv:
Deoxyribose tsis muaj oxygen atom ntawm carbon 2 ntawm lub nplhaib qab zib.
Ribose muaj ib pawg hydroxyl ntawm carbon 2 ntawm lub nplhaib qab zib.
cuam tshuam rau cov qauv kawg:
Vim vim tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm deoxyribose thiab phosphate pawg, DNA molecule tau twisted los tsim ob-helix qauv. Vim li ntawd, DNA ruaj khov dua.
Repulsion ntawm ribose thiab phosphate pawg tiv thaiv coiling ntawm RNA molecule. Vim li ntawd, RNA hloov tau yooj yim dua.
