Qhov Tseem Ceeb - Phosphorus vs Phosphoric Acid
Phosphorus thiab phosphoric acid yog ob hom acids uas muaj cov tshuaj phosphorous (P). Cov qauv tshuaj ntawm ob lub molecules zoo sib xws tab sis cov khoom siv tshuaj thiab lub cev sib txawv ntawm ib leeg. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Phosphorus thiab phosphoric acid yog Phosphorus acid (IUPAC lub npe: Phosphonic acid) yog diprotic whereas phosphoric acid (IUPAC lub npe: Trihydroxidooxidophosphorus) yog triprotic.
Phosphorus Acid yog dab tsi?
Phosphorous acid yog cov kua qaub uas muaj phosphorous thiab cov tshuaj formula yog H3PO3Lub npe IUPAC ntawm phosphorous acid yog phosphonic acid. Txawm hais tias cov qauv tshuaj no muaj peb hydrogen atoms, nws yog diprotic acid. Lub diprotic acid yog ib qho kua qaub uas muaj peev xwm tso ob lub hydrogen ions (protons) mus rau qhov nruab nrab aqueous. Phosphorous acid tseem hu ua orthophosphorous acid.
Cov molar loj ntawm phosphorous acid yog 81.99 g / mol. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, nws yog ib tug dawb khoom uas yog deliquescent (nqus dej los ntawm huab cua thaum raug thiab yaj). Lub melting point ntawm phosphorous acid yog 73.6◦C thiab lub boiling point yog 200◦C. Nyob rau ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj qhov kub kub, cov tebchaw zoo li decompose. Thaum xav txog cov qauv tshuaj ntawm phosphorous acid, nws muaj phosphorous atom raws li lub hauv paus atom sib koom nrog ob pawg -OH thiab ib qho oxygen atom sib koom ua ke ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus thiab hydrogen atom sib koom ntawm ib daim ntawv cog lus. Cov qauv no hu ua Pseudo-tetrahedral qauv.
Daim duab 01: Cov qauv tshuaj ntawm Phosphorous Acid
Cov phosphorus acid yog tsim los ntawm hydrolysis ntawm anhydride ntawm cov kua qaub; P4O6.
P4O6 + 6 H2O → 4 H 3PO3
Tab sis hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam, phosphorous chloride (PCl3) yog hydrolyzed los ntawm chav.
PCl3 + 3 H2O → H3PO 3 + 3 HCl
Phosphorous acid yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis hauv kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj. Cov kua qaub no nkag mus rau hauv phosphoric acid thaum rhuab mus txog 180◦C. cov ntsev tsim los ntawm phosphorous acid yog hu ua phosphites. Kev siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm phosphorus acid yog tias; Nws yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov hlau lead phosphite (tus stabilizer hauv PVC).
Phosphoric Acid yog dab tsi?
Phosphoric acid yog phosphorous muaj cov kua qaub uas muaj cov tshuaj formula H 3PO 4. Lub npe IUPAC ntawm cov tshuaj no yog trihydroxidooxidophosphorus. Nws yog triprotic acid vim tias nws tuaj yeem tso peb cov protons (hydrogen ions) hauv qhov nruab nrab aqueous.
Cov molar loj ntawm phosphoric acid yog 97.99 g / mol. Phosphoric acid muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom dawb uas yog deliquescent los yog ua kua syrupy uas muaj viscosity siab. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib xyaw no tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw. Lub melting point ntawm no compound yog 42.35◦C thiab lub boiling point yog 213◦C, tab sis nyob rau hauv high kub, nws decomposes.
Daim duab 02: Cov qauv tshuaj ntawm Phosphoric Acid
Kev tsim cov phosphoric acid yog ua los ntawm ob txoj hauv kev loj; txheej txheem ntub thiab thermal txheej txheem. Cov txheej txheem ntub dej suav nrog kev tsim cov phosphoric acid los ntawm fluorapatite. Nws yog hu ua phosphate pob zeb thiab cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg yog 3Ca3(PO4)2CaF 2Cov pob zeb no yog qhov ua tau zoo kom ua kom muaj cov pa roj acid thiab gypsum acid thiab gypsum (Caso4 2H2O) as products.
Ca5(PO4)3F + 5H 2SO4 + 10H2O → 3H3PO 4+ 5CaSO4·2H2O + HF
Cov txheej txheem thermal ntawm phosphoric acid ntau lawm suav nrog cov hluav taws kub phosphorous kom tau txais cov phosphoric acid ntshiab heev. Kev kub hnyiab ntawm elemental phosphorous muab phosphorous pentoxide (P2O5). Cov compound no ces hydrated los tsim phosphoric acid.
P4 + 5O2 → 2P2O5
P2O5 + 3H2O → 2H 3PO4
Cov ntawv thov loj ntawm phosphoric acid yog hauv kev tsim cov chiv. Phosphoric acid yog siv los tsim peb hom phosphorus chiv; triple superphosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, thiab monoammonium dihydrogen phosphate.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Phosphorus thiab Phosphoric Acid?
- Ob leeg Phosphorus thiab Phosphoric Acid yog cov kua qaub uas muaj phosphorous.
- Ob leeg Phosphorus thiab Phosphoric Acid muaj peev xwm tso tawm protons thaum nyob rau hauv aqueous daws.
Qhov txawv ntawm Phosphorus thiab Phosphoric Acid yog dab tsi?
Phosphorus vs Phosphoric Acid |
|
| Phosphorous acid yog cov kua qaub uas muaj phosphorous thiab cov tshuaj formula yog H3PO3. | Phosphoric acid yog phosphorous muaj cov kua qaub uas muaj cov tshuaj formula H3PO4. |
| Protons | |
| Phosphorus acid yog diprotic | Phosphoric acid yog triprotic |
| Molar Mass | |
| Cov molar loj ntawm phosphorous acid yog 81.99 g / mol. | Cov molar loj ntawm phosphoric acid yog 97.99 g / mol. |
| IUPAC Name | |
| IUPAC lub npe ntawm phosphorous acid yog phosphonic acid. | IUPAC lub npe ntawm phosphoric acid yog trihydroxidooxidophosphorus. |
| Melting Point | |
| Lub melting point ntawm phosphorous acid yog 73.6◦C thiab lub boiling point yog 200◦C. | Lub ntsiab lus melting ntawm qhov sib xyaw no yog 42.35◦C thiab qhov kub kub yog 213◦C, tab sis ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, nws decomposes. |
| Production | |
| Cov phosphorus acid yog tsim los ntawm hydrolysis ntawm anhydride ntawm cov kua qaub; P4O6 los yog los ntawm phosphorous chloride (PCl3) yog hydrolysis los ntawm chav | Cov phosphoric acid yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntub dej lossis cov txheej txheem thermal. |
Summary – Phosphorus vs Phosphoric Acid
Phosphorus acid thiab phosphoric acid yog phosphorous muaj cov kua qaub uas muaj ntau yam kev siv xws li hauv kev tsim cov chiv. Qhov txawv ntawm Phosphorus thiab phosphoric acid yog tias Phosphorus acid yog diprotic whereas phosphoric acid yog triprotic.
