Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ammonia thiab ammonium yog tias ammonia yog ib qho tsis muaj roj nyob hauv cov polar molecule uas twb muaj lawm raws li cov pa ntawm chav tsev kub, hos ammonium ions raug them thiab muaj nyob hauv cov ions dawb hauv kev daws lossis ua cov ntsev ntsev.
Muaj ob peb cov duab thiab txawm tias qee yam tsw qab uas peb lub siab tam sim ntawd koom nrog ammonia lossis ammonium; cov no suav nrog cov chiv, nitrogenous pov tseg, xab npum thiab txawm tias tawg. Ntxiv mus, feem ntau cov neeg xav tias tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ammonia thiab ammonium. Qhov zoo sib xws ntawm ob qho no, thiab kev siv lo lus ammonia ntau zaus raws li cov lus dav dav rau ob qho tib si ntshiab ammonia thiab ammonium tebchaw yog dab tsi ua rau qhov tsis meej pem.
Ammonia yog dab tsi?
Ammonia yog ib qho sib xyaw ntawm nitrogen thiab hydrogen nrog cov mis NH 3 Nws yog uncharged, thiab ib tug molecule los ntawm nws tus kheej; Nws tshwm sim raws li cov pa ntawm chav tsev kub thiab atmospheric siab, thiab raws li cov kua ntawm qhov kub thiab txias heev. Peb hu ua daim ntawv no ntshiab ntawm ammonia anhydrous (dej-dawb) ammonia. Cov roj ammonia tsis muaj xim thiab muaj lub ntsej muag ntse, khaus khaus khaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog tshuaj lom.
Daim duab 01: Ammonia Molecule
Ammonia, zoo li dej, yog polar vim nws cov hluav taws xob tsis sib xws. Qhov polarity no ua rau nws soluble hauv dej. Ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog tias solubilized los yog aqueous ammonia yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ammonium hydroxide, uas ntxiv dissociates mus rau ammonium ion thiab hydroxide ion. Qhov no dissociation nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab pH ntawm cov tshuaj (dissociation nce nrog nce nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias pH).
Ammonium yog dab tsi?
Cov ammonium cation yog ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo polyatomic ion nrog cov tshuaj formula NH4+. Qhov no yog ib qho ion uas tuaj yeem muaj nyob hauv cov ions dawb hauv cov kev daws teeb meem, lossis ua ib qho ionic ntsev compound tsim cov qauv lattice nrog anion; Piv txwv li, ammonium chloride.
Yog li ntawd, peb feem ntau tsis siv lo lus ammonium los ntawm nws tus kheej; nws ib txwm ua ntej cov lus 'ion, ' ' ntsev, ' lossis cov ion tsis zoo. Piv txwv li, nws yuav tsum yog ammonium ion, ammonium hydroxide, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, thiab lwm yam, thiab tsis tsuas yog ammonium xwb.
Daim duab 02: Ammonium Ion
Ammonium ions tsis muaj cov yam ntxwv tsw; Txawm li cas los xij, ammonium ntsev thaum nyob rau hauv aqueous tov nrog qeeb dissociation, muab odors yam ntxwv ntawm ammonia.
Qhov txawv ntawm Ammonia thiab Ammonium yog dab tsi?
Ammonium yog cov cation loj uas tshwm sim los ntawm ammonia. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ammonia thiab ammonium yog tias ammonia yog ib qho tsis muaj nqi tab sis polar molecule uas twb muaj lawm raws li cov pa hauv chav sov, hos ammonium ions raug them thiab muaj nyob hauv cov ions dawb hauv kev daws los yog cov ntsev ntsev. Tsis tas li ntawd, ammonia muaj qhov ntse, khaus khaus thaum ammonium ion nws tus kheej tsis muaj tus cwj pwm tsis hnov tsw.
Thaum xav txog kev toxicity, ammonia yog tshuaj lom tab sis dawb ammonium ions los ntawm lawv tus kheej tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tebchaw ntawm ammonium tuaj yeem ua rau lom. Tsis tas li ntawd, ammonia muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm nws tus kheej, tab sis ammonium compounds 'cov yam ntxwv nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus anion, thiab.
Summary – Ammonia vs Ammonium
Hauv luv luv, ammonium yog cov cation loj uas tshwm sim los ntawm ammonia. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ammonia thiab ammonium yog tias ammonia yog ib qho tsis muaj nqi tab sis polar molecule uas twb muaj lawm raws li cov pa hauv chav tsev kub, hos ammonium ions raug them thiab muaj nyob hauv cov ions dawb hauv kev daws los yog cov ntsev ntsev sib xyaws..
