Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm mitochondria thiab chloroplast yog tias mitochondria yog cov membrane-bound cell organelles uas tsim lub zog hauv cov hlwb eukaryotic, thaum chloroplast yog hom eukaryotic cell organelle uas nqa tawm photosynthesis hauv cov nroj tsuag thiab algae.
Ob qho tib si mitochondria thiab chloroplast yog ob lub organelles loj pom hauv eukaryotic hlwb. Qhov tseeb, lawv yog cov cellular generators ntawm eukaryotic hlwb. Ob lub organelles thiab cov kab mob symbiotic kab mob sib koom ua ke qee yam qauv xws li kev muaj peev xwm rov ua dua tus kheej, muaj cov DNA ncig thiab cov ribosomes zoo sib xws, thiab lwm yam. Vim muaj qhov sib xws, cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias mitochondria thiab chloroplast tau hloov zuj zus los ntawm cov kab mob me me. Endosymbiosis yog txoj kev xav uas piav txog qhov tshwm sim no. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv qhia qee qhov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo sib xws vim tias ob qho tib si organelles nquag koom nrog lub zog metabolism hauv eukaryotic hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm mitochondria thiab chloroplast-raws li lawv lub cev.
Mitochondria yog dab tsi?
Mitochondria yog cov loj, daim nyias nyias, lub raj zoo li lub cev muaj nyob hauv txhua hom eukaryotic hlwb. Qhov loj ntawm mitochondria zoo ib yam li cov kab mob ntawm tes. Mitochondria muaj ob daim nyias nyias: ib daim nyias nyias nyias, thiab sab hauv daim nyias nyias. Lub puab daim nyias nyias muaj ntau txheej hu ua cristae, uas cais lub mitochondrion rau hauv ob seem - ib tug matrix, thiab ib qho chaw intermembrane. Lub matrix yog seem uas nyob rau hauv lub puab daim nyias nyias, thiab nws muaj mitochondrial DNA thiab enzymes, whereas lub interemembrane qhov chaw yog seem uas nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub puab thiab txheej membrane. Cov proteins lub luag hauj lwm rau kev ua oxidative metabolism yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv los yog embedded nyob rau hauv lub puab membrane.
Daim duab 01: Mitochondrion
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm mitochondria yog metabolize qab zib kom tsim ATP. Yog li, mitochondrial DNA muaj qee cov noob caj noob ces code rau cov proteins tseem ceeb siv hauv oxidative metabolism. Yog li, mitochondria muaj peev xwm tsim cov proteins rau lawv cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb, tsis zoo li feem ntau ntawm lwm cov organelles hauv cov hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, mitochondria tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua los ntawm lawv tus kheej yam tsis muaj kev koom tes nrog nuclear. Nws yog vim qee cov noob caj noob ces yog qhov tseem ceeb txhawm rau tsim cov khoom tsim nyog los ua kom tiav mitochondrial replication. Yog li, nws tsis tuaj yeem loj hlob mitochondria hauv kab lis kev cai ntawm tes.
Chloroplast yog dab tsi?
Chloroplast yog daim nyias nyias ntawm cov organelles loj uas pom tsuas yog hauv cov hlwb eukaryotic uas ua rau photosynthesis, xws li cov hlwb cog thiab ntsuab algae. Raws li nws lub npe implies, chloroplast muaj ib tug photosynthetic pigment hu ua chlorophyll. Vim tias muaj cov xim no, chloroplasts tuaj yeem siv lub teeb los ua ke ATP thiab suab thaj. Yog li, cov kab mob uas muaj chloroplasts tuaj yeem tsim lawv cov zaub mov.
Daim duab 02: Chloroplast
Chloroplast muaj ob daim nyias nyias, zoo ib yam li mitochondria. Ntxiv nrog rau cov membranes, lawv muaj cov khoom kaw hu ua grana. Grana muaj nyob rau hauv lub puab daim nyias nyias, thiab txhua granum muaj ob peb mus rau ob peb lub tais-zoo li tus qauv hu ua thylakoids. Thylakoids muaj chlorophylls. Stroma yog cov kua dej matrix uas nyob ib puag ncig cov thylakoids thiab muaj cov enzymes siv hauv photosynthesis.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Mitochondria thiab Chloroplast?
- Mitochondria thiab chloroplasts yog ob lub cev tseem ceeb ntawm eukaryotic cell.
- Nws ntseeg tau tias ob lub cev no muaj nyob hauv eukaryotic hlwb los ntawm cov kab mob photosynthetic.
- Ntxiv mus, ob qho tib si muaj ob daim nyias nyias uas kaw lub cev.
- Thiab, ob qho tib si organelles koom nrog tsim lub zog hauv eukaryotic hlwb.
- tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, ob lub cev no muaj lawv tus kheej DNA.
Qhov txawv ntawm Mitochondria thiab Chloroplast yog dab tsi?
Mitochondria yog cov cell organelles uas tsim ATP (lub zog) hauv cov hlwb eukaryotic thaum chloroplasts yog cov cell organelles uas ua rau photosynthesis hauv cov nroj tsuag thiab algae. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm mitochondria thiab chloroplast. Tsis tas li ntawd, chloroplast yog ib qho loj thiab nyuaj organelle dua li mitochondrion. Tsis tas li, qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm mitochondria thiab chloroplasts yog tias thaum mitochondria siv cov suab thaj los tsim ATP, chloroplasts siv lub teeb los tsim ATP thiab suab thaj.
Ntxiv mus, lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm mitochondria thiab chlorplast yog cov kab mob uas muaj cov kab mob no. Mitochondria muaj nyob rau hauv txhua yam kab mob eukaryotic, tab sis chloroplasts tsuas muaj nyob rau hauv cov kab mob photosynthetic eukaryotic, xws li cov nroj tsuag thiab ntsuab algae. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis zoo li daim nyias nyias ntawm chloroplasts, sab hauv daim nyias nyias ntawm mitochondria yog folded los ua cristae; Txawm li cas los xij, chloroplasts tsis muaj cristae.
Hauv qab infographic ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm mitochondria thiab chlorplast muab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws sib piv.
Summary – Mitochondria vs Chloroplast
Mitochondria thiab chloroplasts yog ob hom organelles tseem ceeb hauv eukaryotic hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua lub hlwb eukaryotic muaj mitochondria, tab sis tsuas yog cov nroj tsuag thiab algae muaj chloroplasts. Tsis tas li ntawd, mitochondria yog lub zog ntawm eukaryotic hlwb. Lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim ATP. Txawm li cas los xij, chloroplasts yog cov organelles ua photosynthesis thiab tsim cov khoom noj los ntawm lub zog tau los ntawm hnub ci. Txawm li cas los xij, ob lub organelles muaj ob daim nyias nyias. Thiab, ob leeg muaj lawv tus kheej DNA. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm mitochondria thiab chloroplast.
