Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm polycarbonate thiab yas yog tias polycarbonates sib dua tab sis, muaj zog dua li yas.
Polycarbonate thiab yas yog cov ntaub ntawv polymer. Polymers yog cov loj macromolecules ua los ntawm cov me me rov ua dua tshiab hu ua monomers. Cov monomers ntawm polycarbonates yog bisphenol A thiab phosgene. Lub monomers ntawm yas nyob ntawm seb hom yas; muaj ob hom yas loj xws li thermoplastics thiab thermosetting polymers.
YPolycarbonate yog dab tsi?
Polycarbonate yog hom yas. Nws yog tawv heev; yog li ntawd, nyuaj heev rau tawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho polymer, thiab chav tsev monomer ntawm no muaj carbonate pawg. Yog li, lawv tau hu ua polycarbonates. Thiab, nws yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ua ke nrog cov qauv tshuaj hauv qab no.
Daim duab 01: Polycarbonate Rov Ua Haujlwm
Polycarbonate polymer cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm bisphenol A thiab phosgene COCl2. Cov no yog siab molecular hnyav polymers. Qhov tseem ceeb, nws hloov mus rau hauv lub xeev ua kua thaum rhuab thiab, thaum txias, nws khov rau hauv lub xeev iav. Yog li ntawd, nws yog thermoplastic polymer. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem yooj yim pwm thiab ua nws rau hauv cov ntawv xav tau. Thiab, vim yog cov cuab yeej no, polycarbonates muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv ntau daim ntawv thov.
Tsis tas li ntawd, polycarbonates yog qhov ruaj khov thiab tiv taus heev. Nws ruaj khov hauv qhov kub siab dua li 280 ° F thiab qis dua li -40 ° F yam tsis muaj deformation. Ntxiv mus, nws yog pob tshab rau pom lub teeb. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem siv qhov sib xyaw no rau lub qhov rais bulletproof, tsom iav, thiab lwm yam. Qhov zoo ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv polymer no ntau dua li iav lossis lwm yam yas yog tias polycarbonates yog qhov hnyav tab sis kuj muaj zog dua piv rau lwm tus.
Ntxiv mus, nws muaj qhov ntsuas siab siab thiab tuaj yeem khoov thiab ua cov iav nrog tuab tuab. Lens ua los ntawm cov khoom siv no nyias nyias, thiab lawv khoov lub teeb ntau dua li iav lossis yas. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev ua cov disks (CDs) thiab Digital ntau yam discs (DVD)s. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem siv polycarbonates hauv electronics thiab. Piv txwv li, lub xov tooj ntawm tes, lub laptop lossis lub computer npog yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv no. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li cov khoom siv tsheb.
YPlastic yog dab tsi?
Yas yog ib qho polymer uas muaj cov molecular loj. Cov monomers ntawm yas tuaj yeem yog ntuj lossis hluavtaws. Feem ntau, peb tsim cov khoom no los ntawm petrochemicals. Muaj ob hom yas: thermoplastics thiab thermosetting polymers. Thermoplastics ua mos thaum rhuab thiab thaum txias, nws solidifies dua. Nrog rau cua sov thiab cua txias tas mus li, peb tuaj yeem hloov nws cov duab yam tsis muaj teeb meem (xws li polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, polystyrene). Txawm li cas los xij, thaum thermosetting polymers yog rhuab thiab txias, nws yuav nyuaj mus tas li. Thaum cua sov, peb tuaj yeem pwm nws, tab sis yog tias peb sov nws dua, nws yuav decompose (piv txwv li: Bakelite, uas yog siv los ua tes ntawm cov lauj kaub thiab lauj kaub).
Plastics yog siv dav hauv ntau hom; piv txwv li lub raj mis, hnab, thawv, fibers, films, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem siv cov khoom no rau ntau lub hom phiaj vim nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv siab heev; lawv yog thermal thiab hluav taws xob insulators ib yam nkaus. Cov yas sib txawv muaj qhov sib txawv. Txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv no suav nrog condensation thiab ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Hla-txuas yog ua tau ntawm cov saw hlau polymer hauv cov txheej txheem synthesizing.
Daim duab 02: Yas rau Kev Tsim Khoom Ua Si
Piv txwv li, peb tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj no los ntawm kev sib ntxiv ntawm cov monomer ethylene. Nws qhov rov ua dua yog -CH2-. Nyob ntawm txoj kev uas peb cia nws polymerize, cov khoom ntawm cov synthesized polyethylene hloov. PVC los yog polyvinyl chloride zoo ib yam li polyethylene, nrog ib tug monomer ntawm CH2=CH2Cl, tab sis qhov txawv yog PVC muaj chlorine atoms. PVC yog nruj thiab peb siv nws los tsim cov kav dej.
Plastic tau dhau los ua qhov teeb meem tsis sib haum xeeb nyob rau niaj hnub no vim nws tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm kev degradation. Cov yas ua kom muaj feem ntau ntawm peb cov khib nyiab; yog li ntawd, nws tseem nce ntxiv rau saum npoo av.
Qhov txawv ntawm Polycarbonate thiab yas yog dab tsi?
Polycarbonate yog hom yas. Yas yog ib qho polymer uas muaj cov molecular loj. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm polycarbonate thiab yas yog tias polycarbonates sib dua tab sis muaj zog dua li yas. Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm polycarbonate thiab yas yog tias polycarbonate tuaj yeem ua thinner dua li yas. Tsis tas li ntawd, Polycarbonate yog qhov ruaj khov thiab nyuaj rau tawg piv rau cov yas.
Hauv qab infographic qhia cov ntsiab lus ntxiv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm polycarbonate thiab yas.
Summary – Polycarbonate vs Yas
Yas yog ib qho polymer uas muaj cov molecular loj. Polycarbonate yog ib hom yas. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm polycarbonate thiab yas yog tias Polycarbonates sib dua tab sis muaj zog dua li yas.
