Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hydrogen atom thiab hydrogen ion yog tias hydrogen atom yog nruab nrab whereas hydrogen ion nqa tus nqi.
Hydrogen yog thawj zaug thiab qhov tsawg tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm lub sij hawm thiab yog denoted li H. Nws yog categorized nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg 1 thiab lub sij hawm 1 nyob rau hauv lub periodic table vim hais tias ntawm nws cov electron configuration: 1s 1Hydrogen tuaj yeem nqa lub tshuab hluav taws xob los tsim cov ion tsis zoo, lossis tuaj yeem yooj yim pub cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo. Yog tsis yog, nws tuaj yeem faib cov hluav taws xob los ua cov ntawv cog lus.
Cov ntsiab lus hauv lub rooj zaum tsis ruaj khov tshwj tsis yog cov roj hluav taws xob zoo. Yog li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus sim ua kom hnov mob nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus kom tau txais cov roj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob zoo thiab ua tiav kev ruaj ntseg. Ib yam li ntawd, hydrogen kuj yuav tsum tau txais ib qho hluav taws xob kom ua tiav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov roj zoo, Helium. Thaum ua tiav qhov kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob, nws tsim cov hydrogen ion.
Hydrogen Atom yog dab tsi?
Hydrogen atom yog thawj lub hauv paus hauv lub sijhawm. Lub atom hydrogen muaj ib tug electron thiab ib tug proton. Yog li ntawd, nws txoj kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob yog 1s1 Ntxiv mus, nws tsuas muaj ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv s-suborbital txawm tias qhov orbital no tuaj yeem ua tau ob lub electrons. Yog li, hydrogen atom tsis ruaj khov thiab muaj zog heev thiaj li yuav tau txais cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ruaj khov.
Daim duab 1: Cov qauv ntawm Hydrogen Atom
Vim tias tus naj npawb ntawm protons thiab electrons hauv hydrogen atom zoo sib xws, lub atom no tsis nqa tus nqi nqa. Yog li ntawd, peb hais tias nws yog nruab nrab. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj peb lub isotopes ntawm hydrogen: protium-1H (tsis muaj neutrons), deuterium-2H (ib neutron), thiab tritium- 3H (ob neutrons). Cov isotopes no muaj cov lej sib txawv ntawm cov neutrons hauv atomic nucleus.
Hydrogen Ion yog dab tsi?
Hydrogen ion yog daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom siv hydrogen uas nqa tus nqi. Tus nqi ntawm cov ion no tuaj yeem yog qhov zoo lossis tsis zoo, nyob ntawm txoj kev uas nws tsim. Nws tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev tshem tawm ib qho hluav taws xob los ntawm atomic hydrogen lossis los ntawm electron nkag. Yog li, hydrogen ion muaj ob qho tib si +1 lossis -1 tus nqi (monovalent). Peb tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov zoo ntawm hydrogen ion li H + (cation) thiab qhov tsis zoo ion li H- (anion).
Daim duab 2: Tsim Ions los ntawm Hydrogen Atom
Cov cation ntawm protium tshwj xeeb yog hu ua protons, thiab lawv yog hom hydrogen atoms peb feem ntau xav txog hauv cov tshuaj lom neeg vim tias ntuj tsim ntau ntawm protium siab heev piv rau lwm cov isotopes. Ntxiv mus, qhov no muaj nyob rau hauv aqueous daws raws li hydronium ions (H3O+).
Hydrogen ions yog lub luag haujlwm rau acidity, thiab cov concentration ntawm hydrogen ions raug coj los xam pH qhov tseem ceeb. Thaum hydrogen atoms hnov mob nrog lwm cov nonmetals, hydrogen ions raug tsim, thiab cov no raug tso tawm mus rau qhov nruab nrab aqueous tag nrho los yog ib nrab thaum lub molecule yog yaj. Txawm hais tias qhov tsim ntawm hydrogen anion tsis tshua muaj, nws tsim thaum hydrogen reacts nrog hlau xws li pab pawg 1 hlau.
Qhov txawv ntawm Hydrogen Atom thiab Hydrogen Ion yog dab tsi?
Hydrogen yog cov tshuaj me tshaj plaws. Nws muaj ib tug proton thiab ib tug electron, ua rau nws nruab nrab. Txawm li cas los xij, ions ntawm hydrogen atom yog them hom. Yog li, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hydrogen atom thiab hydrogen ion yog tias hydrogen atom yog nruab nrab thaum hydrogen ion nqa tus nqi. Lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hydrogen atom thiab hydrogen ion yog tias hydrogen atom muaj ib lub electron thaum cation ntawm hydrogen tsis muaj electrons thiab anion ntawm hydrogen muaj ob electrons.
Ntxiv mus, hydrogen atom yog qhov muaj zog heev txhawm rau kom tau txais kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob ruaj khov. Tab sis, hydrogen ions tsawg dua / tsis muaj zog vim lawv twb tau txais lub xeev ruaj khov. Tus nqi ntawm cov cation yog +1, thiab tus nqi ntawm anions yog -1. Yog li, peb tuaj yeem xav txog qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv ntawm hydrogen atom thiab hydrogen ion.
Summary – Hydrogen Atom vs Hydrogen Ion
Hydrogen yog thawj lub hauv paus hauv lub sijhawm ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws atom. Nws tuaj yeem tsim tau zoo los yog tsis zoo them ions. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hydrogen atom thiab hydrogen ion yog tias hydrogen atom yog nruab nrab thaum hydrogen ion nqa tus nqi.
