YHydronium Ion vs Hydrogen Ion
Hydrogen, uas yog thawj zaug thiab qhov tsawg tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm lub sij hawm, yog denoted li H. Nws yog categorized nyob rau hauv pawg 1 thiab lub sij hawm 1 nyob rau hauv lub periodic table vim nws electron configuration: 1s 1 Hydrogen tuaj yeem nqa tau ib qho hluav taws xob los tsim cov ion tsis zoo, lossis tuaj yeem yooj yim pub cov hluav taws xob los tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo lossis faib cov hluav taws xob los ua cov nyiaj sib txuas. Vim yog lub peev xwm no, hydrogen muaj nyob rau hauv ntau lub molecules, thiab nws yog ib qho khoom siv ntau hauv ntiaj teb. Hydrogen muaj peb lub isotopes hu ua protium- 1H (tsis muaj neutrons), deuterium-2H (ib neutron) thiab tritium- 3H (ob neutrons). Protium yog qhov ntau tshaj ntawm peb qhov muaj txog 99% txheeb ze. Hydrogen muaj nyob rau hauv lub diatomic molecule (H 2) nyob rau hauv cov roj theem, thiab nws yog ib tug tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj ntxhiab roj. Tsis tas li ntawd, hydrogen yog ib qho hluav taws kub heev, thiab nws kub hnyiab nrog cov nplaim daj daj. Nyob rau hauv ib txwm chav tsev kub hydrogen yog tsis heev reactive. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv qhov kub siab nws tuaj yeem hnov mob sai. H2 yog nyob rau hauv xoom oxidation xeev; yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem ua raws li tus neeg sawv cev txo qis, txo cov hlau oxides, lossis chlorides thiab tso tawm cov hlau. Hydrogen yog siv nyob rau hauv tshuaj industries xws li rau ammonia ntau lawm nyob rau hauv Haber txheej txheem. Cov kua hydrogen yog siv los ua roj hauv foob pob hluav taws thiab tsheb.
Cov ntsiab lus hauv lub rooj zaum tsis ruaj khov tshwj tsis yog cov roj hluav taws xob zoo. Yog li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus sim ua kom hnov mob nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus, kom tau txais cov roj hluav taws xob zoo hluav taws xob kom ua tiav kev ruaj ntseg. Ib yam li ntawd, hydrogen kuj yuav tsum tau txais ib qho hluav taws xob kom ua tiav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov pa roj, Helium. Tag nrho cov nonmetals teb nrog hydrogen, tsim hydrogen ions. Ions tseem ceeb hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Lawv ua hluav taws xob hauv kev daws teeb meem. Thaum sib txawv ions ua ke, cov tebchaw nrog cov khoom tshiab yog tsim. Tshwj xeeb yog hydrogen ions tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov kua qaub.
Hydrogen Ion
Hydrogen ion tseem hu ua hydron. Nws yog tsim los ntawm kev tshem tawm ib qho hluav taws xob los ntawm atomic hydrogen. Hydrogen ion muaj tus nqi +1 (monovalent). Lub cation ntawm cov protium yog tshwj xeeb yog hu ua protons, thiab lawv yog hom hydrogen atoms peb feem ntau xav txog li protium, natural abundance ntawm uas yog siab heev piv rau lwm cov isotopes. Qhov no muaj nyob rau hauv aqueous daws raws li hydronium ions (H3O+). Hydrogen ions yog lub luag hauj lwm rau acidity, thiab cov concentration ntawm hydrogen ions yog coj los xam pH qhov tseem ceeb. Thaum hydrogen atoms hnov mob nrog lwm cov hlau tsis yog hydrogen ions raug tsim, thiab cov no raug tso tawm mus rau qhov nruab nrab aqueous tag nrho lossis ib nrab thaum cov molecule yaj.
Hydronium Ion
Hydronium ion yog txhais los ntawm lub cim H3O+ Nws yog ib qho zoo ion, uas yog tsim los ntawm protonation ntawm dej. Thaum ob lub dej molecules reacted ib hydronium ion thiab hydroxide ion tuaj yeem tsim tau (nws pib dissociation ntawm dej). Nyob rau hauv dej ntshiab tus naj npawb ntawm hydronium ions thiab hydroxide ions yuav sib npaug muab tus nqi pH ntawm 7.
Qhov txawv ntawm Hydrogen Ion thiab Hydronium Ion yog dab tsi?
• Hydrogen ion qhia los ntawm lub cim H+ thiab hydronium ion yog denoted los ntawm lub cim H3O +.
• Hydrogen ion yog tau los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob los ntawm hydrogen atom. Txij li qhov no yog reactive heev, nyob rau hauv aqueous nruab nrab nws combines nrog dej, tsim ib hydronium ion.
• Hydronium ions kuj tsim los ntawm protonation ntawm dej.
• Hydronium ions ruaj khov dua hydrogen ions.
