Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cytokinesis thiab mitosis yog tias cytokinesis hais txog kev faib cov niam txiv cell cytoplasm rau hauv ob feem los tsim ob tus ntxhais hlwb thaum mitosis hais txog kev faib cov niam txiv nucleus rau hauv ob lub noob caj noob ces zoo tib yam tus ntxhais nuclei hauv kev txiav txim. tsim tau ob tug ntxhais.
Muaj ob hom kev faib cell li mitosis thiab meiosis. Mitotic cell division ua rau ob tug ntxhais cell uas yog genetically zoo tib yam rau niam txiv cell. Thaum lub sij hawm mitosis, ntau qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb tshwm sim, suav nrog kev sib tshooj ntawm cov genome, nws qhov kev cais, thiab kev faib cov ntsiab lus ntawm tes. Lub voj voog mitotic cell muaj ob theem tseem ceeb: interphase thiab M theem. Interphase tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb theem tseem ceeb xws li G1 (kawg theem 1), S (synthesis), thiab G2 (kawg theem 2). Mitotic (M) theem ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes muaj mitosis thiab cytokinesis. Cytokinesis tsuas yog hais txog kev faib cytoplasmic thaum lub mitosis hais txog kev faib nuclear.
Cytokinesis yog dab tsi?
Cytokinesis yog cov txheej txheem kawg ntawm kev faib cell uas niam txiv cytoplasm faib ua ob ntu los ntawm kev sib cais cytoplasmic organelles thiab cov genomes duplicated thiaj li tsim tau ob lub hlwb. Nws feem ntau pib lig anaphase thiab txuas ntxiv mus thoob plaws hauv telophase thiab xaus rau qee lub sijhawm tom qab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib ncig ntawm txhua tus ntxhais nucleus. Raws li cov nuclei tshiab tsim nyob rau hauv lub lig anaphase, lub cytoplasm constricts raws lub dav hlau ntawm lub metaphase phaj, ua ib tug cleavage furrow nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj hlwb los yog tsim ib tug cell phaj nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag hlwb.
Daim duab 01: Cytokinesis
Hauv cov tsiaj txhu, qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov kab mob yog pib los ntawm 'contractile nplhaib', uas yog tsim los ntawm ib lub nplhaib ntawm cov proteins nrog rau kev sib cog lus ntawm filamentous protein actin thiab motor protein myosin II. Lub nplhaib contractile ncig lub cell equator hauv qab lub cell cortex thiab bisects lub axis ntawm chromosome segregation. Nws yog ua tiav los ntawm kev cog lus lub nplhaib filamentous protein kom ntsws thiab rub lub membrane rau hauv.
Tsis zoo li tsiaj hlwb, cov hlwb cog muaj cov phab ntsa ntawm tes. Yog li ntawd, cytokinesis tshwm sim txawv ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu. Nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag, ib tug expanding membrane partition hu ua ib tug cell phaj cov ntaub ntawv los faib cov hlwb. Cov phaj cell loj hlob sab nraud thiab fuses nrog cov plasma membrane los tsim ob tug ntxhais tshiab. Tom qab ntawd cellulose muab tso rau ntawm lub plasma membrane tshiab, tsim ob lub cell phab ntsa tshiab.
Mitosis yog dab tsi?
Mitosis yog ib txoj hauv kev nyuaj thiab tswj tau zoo heev uas tshwm sim tshwj xeeb hauv eukaryotes. Nws suav nrog kev sib sau cov ntxaiv, khi cov chromosomes, thiab txav tus muam chromatids sib nrug. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem no yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev sib cais ntawm ob tus ntxhais genomes. Ntxiv mus, nws muaj peev xwm faib cov txheej xwm ntawm mitosis mus rau tsib theem: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, thiab telophase.
Daim duab 02: Mitosis
Mitosis siv sijhawm li ob teev kom tiav - los ntawm prophase mus rau telophase. Ua ntej, lub mitotic apparatus yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm prophase. Thaum lub sij hawm prometaphase, chromosomes txuas rau spindle. Hauv metaphase, chromosomes sib dhos ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob ntawm tes thiab tom qab ntawd hauv anaphase, chromatids sib cais los ntawm kev sib cais los ntawm cov centromeres. Thaum lub sij hawm telophase, cais chromatids ncav cuag lawv cov ncej. Thaum kawg, kev hloov pauv ntawm lub hnab ntawv nuclear tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim tus ntxhais nuclei ntawm ob tug ncej. Yog li, qhov no ua tiav qhov kev faib tawm nuclear tiav.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Cytokinesis thiab Mitosis?
- Cytokinesis thiab mitosis yog ob theem ntawm mitotic cell division.
- Ob txheej txheem tseem ceeb heev txhawm rau tsim cov ntxhais tshiab.
- Txawm li cas los xij, cytokinesis tshwm sim tom qab mitosis.
- Tsis tas li, ob qho tib si mitosis thiab cytokinesis ua kom cov lej chromosome tas li hauv cov hlwb tshiab.
Qhov txawv ntawm Cytokinesis thiab Mitosis yog dab tsi?
Mitosis cuam tshuam nrog kev faib thiab sib npaug ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes los yog kev sib cais ntawm cov chromosomes duplicated whereas cytokinesis koom nrog kev faib cov cytoplasm los ua ob qhov sib txawv, cov ntxhais tshiab. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cytokinesis thiab mitosis. Tsis tas li ntawd, mitosis muaj tsib theem: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, thiab telophase. Tab sis cytokinesis tsis muaj cov theem zoo li no. Tsib theem ntawm mitosis ua ke thiab cais cov chromosomes sib npaug rau hauv ob qhov chaw thaum cytokinesis faib ib lub xovtooj rau hauv ob lub hlwb. Li no, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cytokinesis thiab mitosis.
Ntxiv mus, mitosis tshwm sim tom qab interphase thaum cytokinesis tshwm sim tom qab mitosis. Yog li, qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cytokinesis thiab mitosis. Txawm li cas los xij, mitosis tuaj yeem tshwm sim yam tsis muaj cytokinesis, tsim ib lub hlwb nrog ntau lub nuclei (Ex: qee yam fungi thiab slime pwm). Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm cytokinesis thiab mitosis yog lub sijhawm siv rau txhua tus txheej txheem. Qhov ntawd yog; mitosis siv sijhawm ntau dua los ua kom tiav ntau dua li cytokinesis ua.
Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no piav qhia qhov txawv ntawm cytokinesis thiab mitosis piv.
Summary – Cytokinesis vs Mitosis
Cytokinesis thiab mitosis yog ob yam xwm txheej tseem ceeb uas tshwm sim hauv kev faib cell. Hauv kev xaus qhov sib txawv ntawm cytokinesis thiab mitosis, cytokinesis cais cov cytoplasmic organelles thiab cov genome duplicated rau hauv ob tug ntxhais hlwb thaum mitosis faib niam txiv nucleus rau hauv ob lub noob caj noob ces zoo tib yam tus ntxhais nuclei. Tsis tas li ntawd, mitosis tshwm sim tom qab interphase thaum cytokinesis tshwm sim tom qab mitosis. Tsis tas li ntawd, mitosis tshwm sim thoob plaws lub sijhawm ntev dua li cytokinesis. Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho tib si txheej txheem tseem ceeb sib npaug txhawm rau tsim cov hlwb tshiab hauv ntau cov kab mob.
