Qhov txawv ntawm Boiling Point thiab Evaporation

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Qhov txawv ntawm Boiling Point thiab Evaporation
Qhov txawv ntawm Boiling Point thiab Evaporation

Video: Qhov txawv ntawm Boiling Point thiab Evaporation

Video: Qhov txawv ntawm Boiling Point thiab Evaporation
Video: Science - What are Solid, Liquid and Gas (States of matter) - Basic - English 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov evaporation tshwm sim ntawm cov kua dej whereas boiling point yog qhov kub ntawm qhov vaporization tshwm sim los ntawm cov kua loj.

Vaporization los ntawm cov kua los ua vapor tuaj yeem tshwm sim ob txoj hauv kev. Ib txoj hauv kev yog tsim cov vapor ntawm qhov kub. Nyob rau hauv lwm txoj kev, lub vaporization yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub boiling point; peb npe nws li evaporation. Txawm hais tias ob qho tib si cov txheej txheem tsim cov molecules hauv lub xeev vapor, txoj kev tsim lawv txawv.

Dab tsi yog Boiling Point?

Yooj yim, qhov boiling point txhais tau hais tias qhov kub ntawm cov kua los yog cov kuab tshuaj yuav pib boil. Peb tuaj yeem txhais nws rau lub siab ruaj khov; feem ntau yog atmospheric siab. Hauv lwm lo lus, nws yog qhov kub thiab txias uas cov kua pib vaporize. Yog li ntawd, ntawm qhov ntsuas kub no, lub vapor siab sib npaug rau atmospheric siab.

Nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw, cov ntsiab lus kub ntawm cov tshuaj raug cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam. Raws li lwm yam, qhov kub ntawm atmospheric cuam tshuam rau nws. Piv txwv li, cov kua hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev muaj qhov kub kub qis dua li nws nyob hauv qhov qub atmospheric siab. Ib yam li ntawd, cov kua hauv qhov siab yuav muaj qhov kub siab dua.

Determinants

Ntxiv mus, cov khoom siv tshuaj thiab lub cev ntawm cov kua nws tus kheej kuj cuam tshuam rau qhov kub thiab txias. Piv txwv li, yog tias qhov hnyav molecular ntawm cov molecules hauv cov kua yog siab dua, nws yuav muaj qhov kub siab dua piv rau cov kua uas muaj cov ntsiab lus qis dua molecular. Cov ntawv cog lus tshuaj kuj cuam tshuam rau qhov kub thiab txias. Cawv yuav muaj qhov kub hnyiab ntau dua piv rau cov sib thooj alkane. Ntawm no, yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog muaj hydrogen bonds ntawm cawv molecules. Alkanes tsis muaj zog hydrogen bonds; es, lawv yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam Van der Waals tsis muaj zog. Yog li ntawd, lub zog xav tau los rhuav tshem cov ntawv cog lus muaj zog yog qhov loj dua hauv cov cawv, uas ua rau nws nce qhov kub ntawm nws.

Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm Boiling Point thiab evaporation
Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm Boiling Point thiab evaporation

Daim duab 01: Boiling Point of Water

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus kub yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib cais ntawm txhua yam khoom los ntawm kev sib tov. Cov txheej txheem uas peb siv rau lub hom phiaj no yog distillation. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv qab cov roj av distillation thiab. Nyob rau ntawd, roj av muaj ntau cov hydrocarbons nrog ntau cov carbons sib txawv. Ib txhia yog saws ncaj, ib txhia ceg, thiab ib txhia yog aromatic. Yog li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus kub ntawm cov no txawv ntawm ib leeg. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau cais txhua molecule cais vim lawv cov ntsiab lus kub kub sib txawv nrog me me. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom huv lawv mus rau qee qhov kev kawm. Li no, hauv roj av distillation, peb tuaj yeem cais cov molecules nrog qhov hnyav dua molecular hauv qhov kub thiab txias.

Evaporation yog dab tsi?

Evaporation yog txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov cov kua rau hauv nws theem vapor. Peb siv lo lus "evaporation" tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum vaporization tshwm sim los ntawm cov kua dej. Cov kua vaporization kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm qhov kub kub qhov twg evaporation tshwm sim los ntawm tag nrho cov kua loj. Tiam sis, peb tsis hu nws evaporation.

Qhov txawv ntawm Boiling Point thiab evaporation
Qhov txawv ntawm Boiling Point thiab evaporation

Daim duab 02: Evaporation yog txheej txheem nto

Tsis tas li ntawd, evaporation tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam xws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm lwm yam khoom hauv huab cua, thaj chaw saum npoo, siab, qhov kub ntawm cov khoom, qhov ntom ntom, ntws tus nqi ntawm huab cua, thiab lwm yam.

Qhov txawv ntawm Boiling Point thiab Evaporation yog dab tsi?

Lub ntsiab lus kub ntawm cov khoom yog qhov kub ntawm qhov vapor siab ntawm cov kua sib npaug ntawm lub siab nyob ib puag ncig cov kua thiab cov kua hloov mus ua vapor. Whereas, evaporation yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov cov kua rau hauv nws lub vapor theem. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov evaporation tshwm sim ntawm cov kua dej thaum lub sijhawm boiling point, vaporization tshwm sim los ntawm tag nrho cov kua dej. Ntawm no, evaporation ntawm cov kua tshwj xeeb yuav tshwm sim hauv qab qhov kub kub.

Ntxiv mus, ntawm qhov kub kub, cov kua ua npuas thiab tsis muaj npuas tsim hauv evaporation. Yog li ntawd, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias evaporation. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub boiling point, lub tshav kub yog muab rau lub molecules, thiab lub zog yog siv los ua vapors. Tab sis nyob rau hauv evaporation ib tug sab nraud cua sov yog tsis muab. Hloov chaw, cov molecules tau txais lub zog thaum lawv sib tsoo nrog ib leeg, thiab lub zog ntawd yog siv los khiav mus rau lub xeev vapor. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.

Hauv qab no yog ib qho infographic ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias evaporation uas tabulates tag nrho cov kev sib txawv.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm Boiling Point thiab evaporation hauv daim ntawv Tabular
Qhov sib txawv ntawm Boiling Point thiab evaporation hauv daim ntawv Tabular

Summary – Boiling Point vs Evaporation

Boiling point yog qhov kub ntawm qhov vaporization tshwm sim thaum peb muab cov kua nrog lub zog hluav taws xob sab nraud. Txawm li cas los xij, evaporation yog ib qho txheej txheem spontaneous uas peb tsis muab lub zog sab nraud. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov evaporation tshwm sim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov kua whereas boiling point yog qhov kub ntawm qhov vaporization tshwm sim los ntawm tag nrho cov kua mass.

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