Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm plasmid thiab cosmid yog qhov plasmid yog ob txoj hlua khi, ncig thiab kaw ntxiv-chromosomal DNA tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov kab mob thiab archaea thaum lub cosmid yog hybrid vector system tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cos sequence. ntawm lambda phage thiab plasmid DNA ntawm cov kab mob.
Genetic engineering yog kev kawm qib siab hauv Biotechnology. Genetic engineering txheej txheem tuaj yeem hloov lossis hloov cov genome ntawm cov kab mob nyob. Tsis tas li ntawd, genetic engineering muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho noob thiab kho cov kab mob caj ces. Ua ntej tso cov noob rau hauv lwm cov kab mob genome, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom muaj DNA molecule recombinant uas tuaj yeem nqa cov DNA xav tau thiab xa mus rau hauv cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm recombinant DNA technology, nws yog ua los ntawm ib tug vector system. Yog li, tus vector ua haujlwm ua lub tsheb lossis tus neeg nruab nrab ntawm tus neeg pub dawb thiab tus tswv tsev. Plasmid thiab cosmid yog ob hom vectors feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv recombinant DNA technology thiab genetic engineering. Qee qhov yog cov vectors ntuj thaum qee qhov yog cov vectors. Lub plasmid yog ib tug natural vector thaum cosmid yog ib tug artificially tsim vector. Ob hom muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.
Plasmid yog dab tsi?
Lub plasmid yog ib qho me me, ncig, ob npaug-stranded DNA tam sim no hauv cov kab mob prokaryotic feem ntau hauv cov kab mob thiab archaea. Lawv muaj nyob hauv lub voj voog kaw hauv cov kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, plasmids tsis yog genomic DNA. Yog li, qhov muaj lossis tsis muaj plasmids hauv cov hlwb prokaryotic tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ciaj sia ntawm cov hlwb. Plasmids yog extrachromosomal DNA. Txawm li cas los xij, plasmids muab qhov zoo ntxiv rau cov kab mob thiab archaea. Lawv muaj cov noob tshwj xeeb xws li tshuaj tua kab mob, tiv thaiv ntau yam hlau hnyav, macromolecule degradation thiab lwm yam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, plasmids muaj peev xwm ntawm tus kheej rov ua dua yam tsis tau txuas nrog cov chromosomes. Nws nqa cov noob los yog cov ntaub ntawv uas tsim nyog rau nws tus kheej replication thiab txij nkawm. Ntxiv mus, lawv yog cov DNA ywj siab. Vim yog cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb no, plasmids tau siv ntau heev hauv Molecular Biology li vectors.
Daim duab 01: Plasmids
Qhov xwm txheej thib ob ntawm DNA, cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis zoo, cov peev txheej ntawm tus kheej thiab cov chaw tshwj xeeb yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb uas ua rau plasmids haum dua li vector molecules hauv cov thev naus laus zis DNA. Thiab kuj plasmids yooj yim rau kev cais thiab hloov mus ua cov kab mob hauv tsev.
Cosmid yog dab tsi?
Cosmid yog ib qho kev sib txuas lus vector. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv vector tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas cov cos sequences ntawm Lambda phage hais thiab plasmid. Cov chaw cos lossis cov kab ke no yog cov kab DNA ntev uas muaj 200 lub hauv paus khub. Lawv muaj cohesive los yog nplaum kawg uas tso cai rau plasmid haum rau hauv cov kab mob DNA. Yog li ntawd, cov chaw cos yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntim cov DNA. Muaj peb qhov chaw cos xws li cosN site, cosB site thiab cosQ site. Cov chaw no koom nrog hauv nicking DNA strand los ntawm kev ua haujlwm terminase, tuav lub terminase thiab tiv thaiv kev degradation ntawm DNA los ntawm DNases feem.
Daim duab 02: Cosmid
Cosmids tuaj yeem rov ua dua DNA ib leeg lossis ob-stranded DNA siv lub hauv paus tsim nyog ntawm kev rov ua dua. Lawv kuj muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tuaj yeem siv tau los ua cov cim hauv kev xaiv cov hlwb hloov pauv. Yog li, zoo ib yam li plasmids, cosmids kuj yog cov vectors zoo nyob rau hauv recombinant DNA technology.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Plasmid thiab Cosmid?
- Plasmid thiab cosmid yog vectors nquag siv nyob rau hauv recombinant DNA technology.
- ob leeg muaj peev xwm rov ua tus kheej.
- Lawv muaj keeb kwm ntawm kev rov ua dua.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj ntau qhov chaw cloning.
- Tsis tas li, lawv muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li cov cim.
- DNA txawv teb chaws tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv ob hom thiab ua cov molecules recombinant.
- Kev tshuaj ntsuam yooj yim muaj rau ob lub vectors.
- Ob leeg muaj txiaj ntsig los tsim cov tsev qiv ntawv genomic.
Qhov txawv ntawm Plasmid thiab Cosmid yog dab tsi?
Plasmid thiab cosmid yog ob hom cloning vectors siv hauv kev tsim kho caj ces. Plasmids yog me me, ncig ob-stranded extrachromosomal DNA molecules tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov kab mob thiab archaea. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cosmid yog hybrid vector tsim los ntawm cos sequences ntawm lambda phage DNA thiab plasmid DNA. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm plasmid thiab cosmid. Tsis tas li ntawd, plasmids tuaj yeem dais txog 25 kb ntawm DNA tawg thaum comsids tuaj yeem muaj txog li 45 kb tawg. Yog li, qhov no yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm plasmid thiab cosmid.
Cov ntsiab lus ntxiv tau muab rau hauv infographic ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm plasmid thiab cosmid.
Summary – Plasmid vs Cosmid
Lub plasmid yog ib qho tshwm sim ntawm DNA extrachromosomal thaum cosmid yog ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm phage DNA thiab plasmid DNA. Ob leeg yog cloning vectors siv nyob rau hauv recombinant DNA technology. Cosmids muaj cov nplaum nplaum tshwj xeeb hu ua cos qhov chaw xav tau rau hauv vitro ntim. Ntawm qhov tod tes, plasmids muaj ntau yam uas ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho vectors hauv kev tsim cov noob caj noob ces. Ob leeg tuaj yeem ua rau kev ywj pheej rov ua dua lossis hauv vitro ntim rau cov kab mob. Plasmids tuaj yeem muaj cov DNA txawv teb chaws ntawm 25 kb ntev thaum cosmids tuaj yeem muaj cov DNA txawv teb chaws ntawm 45 kb. Yog li ntawd, cosmids muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv lub hom phiaj cloning los clone loj dua ntawm DNA vim tias cov plasmid vectors tsis tuaj yeem clone cov tawg loj dua. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm plasmid thiab cosmid.
