Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm isomerization thiab hydroisomerization yog tias isomerization yog hais txog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv ntawm ib lub tebchaw rau nws cov qauv isomeric whereas hydroisomerization yog hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm ib daim isomeric mus rau lwm qhov ntawm alkane hydrocarbons ntawm alkene intermediate
Isomers yog cov tshuaj sib txuas uas muaj cov qauv tshuaj tib yam tab sis cov qauv tshuaj sib txawv. Muaj ntau ntau hom isomers, thiab lawv muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev sib txawv vim qhov txawv ntawm cov qauv.
Isomerization yog dab tsi?
Isomerization yog cov txheej txheem tshuaj uas ib daim ntawv isomeric hloov mus rau lwm daim isomeric. Qee cov tshuaj sib xyaws tsuas muaj ib qho isomer xwb; Yog li, isomerization ntawm cov tebchaw no hais txog kev hloov pauv ntawm nws cov qauv rau hauv nws daim ntawv isomeric. Tab sis qee cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj ntau tshaj ib daim ntawv isomeric. Ntawm no, isomerization hais txog kev hloov pauv ntawm ib daim ntawv isomeric rau hauv ib qho ntawm nws lwm hom isomeric. Cov ntaub ntawv tshiab (isomer) cov ntaub ntawv nrog tib cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg tab sis sib txawv atomic connectivity lossis configuration.
Daim duab 01: Isomerization ntawm Vinyl Norbornene
Ib qho piv txwv yog kev hloov pauv ntawm butane rau isobutene. Butane yog ib qho ncaj-chain hydrocarbon qauv. Isobutene yog ib tug branched qauv. Qhov isomerization no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev kho cua sov ntawm butane (kwv yees li 100 degrees Celsius) nyob rau hauv muaj cov catalyst tsim nyog. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem no, atomic connectivity hloov; yog li ntawd, tshuaj thiab lub cev muaj zog kuj hloov.
Hauv alkenes, feem ntau hom isomerization yog cis-trans isomerization. Ntawm no, kev sib txuas ntawm atomic tsis hloov ntau npaum li cas vim tias thaum cis isomer hloov mus rau hauv trans isomer, tsuas yog cov pab pawg hloov pauv txuas rau ob daim ntawv cog lus hloov pauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem soj ntsuam cov txheej txheem isomerization ntawm cov tshuaj inorganic ib yam nkaus. Ntawm no, isomerization ntawm kev hloov pauv hlau complexes yog daim ntawv ntau tshaj.
Hydroisomerization yog dab tsi?
Lub sij hawm hydroisomerization yog hais txog kev hloov pauv ntawm ib daim ntawv isomeric mus rau lwm qhov ntawm alkane hydrocarbons ntawm alkene nruab nrab. Hom tshuaj tiv thaiv no tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv cov txheej txheem roj refining. Tsis ntev los no, cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm hydroisomerization ntawm cov saw ntev paraffin rau kev tsim cov ceg ntoo alkenes tau txais kev lees paub dav.
Hydroconversion ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam roj av. Nws muaj ntau yam kev siv tseem ceeb hauv cov roj crude refining cov kauj ruam. Hydroconversions yog nyob rau hauv ob hom tseem ceeb xws li hydrocracking tshua thiab hydroisomerization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lub prefix hydro- los vim hais tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm hydrogen gas. Hauv hydroisomerization, cov khoom ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus tau txhim kho los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm ib txwm hydrocarbons rau hauv cov qauv uas muaj tib cov pa roj carbon atoms.
Qhov txawv ntawm Isomerization thiab Hydroisomerization yog dab tsi?
Isomerization yog kev hloov pauv ntawm ib daim ntawv isomeric mus rau lwm qhov. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm isomerization thiab hydroisomerization yog tias isomerization yog hais txog cov txheej txheem hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm cov qauv ntawm ib qho chaw rau nws cov qauv isomeric whereas hydroisomerization yog ib hom isomerization qhov twg isomerization ntawm alkane hydrocarbons tshwm sim ntawm ib nrab alkene.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm isomerization thiab hydroisomerization.
Summary – Isomerization vs Hydroisomerization
Isomers yog cov tshuaj sib txuas uas muaj cov qauv tshuaj tib yam tab sis cov qauv tshuaj sib txawv. Isomerization yog kev hloov pauv ntawm ib daim ntawv isomer mus rau lwm qhov. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm isomerization thiab hydroisomerization yog tias isomerization yog hais txog cov txheej txheem hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm cov qauv ntawm ib qho chaw rau nws cov qauv isomeric whereas hydroisomerization yog ib hom isomerization qhov twg isomerization ntawm alkane hydrocarbons tshwm sim ntawm ib nrab alkene.
