Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ethanol thiab methanol yog tias ethanol yog qhov sib piv tsis tshua muaj tshuaj lom yog li peb tuaj yeem siv nws hauv dej haus thaum methanol yog tshuaj lom thiab yog li, peb tsis siv nws hauv dej haus.
Ethanol thiab methanol yog cov tshuaj cawv vim lawv muaj -OH pawg. Cov no yog cov cawv tsawg tshaj plaws hauv cov cawv cawv. Cov pab pawg OH ntawm cov tebchaw no txuas nrog sp3 hybridized carbon. Ntxiv mus, ob qho tib si yog cov kua polar thiab muaj peev xwm tsim cov hydrogen bonds. Yog li ntawd, ob qho tib si muaj qee qhov zoo sib xws ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua yuam kev ob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo tuag vim lawv qhov sib txawv ntawm toxicities.
Ethanol yog dab tsi?
Ethanol yog ib qho cawv yooj yim nrog cov mis molecular C2H5OH. Nws yog cov kua ntshiab, tsis muaj xim uas muaj ntxhiab tsw. Tsis tas li ntawd, ethanol yog cov kua ua kua. Lub melting point ntawm cov cawv no yog -114.1 o C, thiab lub boiling point yog 78.5 o C. Ethanol yog ib qho polar compound. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv cog lus hydrogen vim muaj -OH pawg.
Dhau li ntawd, ethanol tseem siv tau los ua dej haus. Raws li ethanol feem pua, muaj ntau hom dej haus xws li cawv, npias, whiskey, brandy, arrack, thiab lwm yam Ethanol tau yooj yim tau los ntawm cov txheej txheem qab zib fermentation siv zymase enzyme. Qhov no enzyme ib txwm nthuav tawm hauv cov poov xab; Yog li, hauv kev ua pa anaerobic, poov xab tuaj yeem tsim ethanol.
Daim duab 01: Ethanol Structure
Ethanol, ntawm qhov feem pua qis, yog qhov sib piv tsawg dua cov tshuaj methanol. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog tshuaj lom rau lub cev, thiab nws hloov mus rau hauv acetaldehyde hauv daim siab, uas yog tshuaj lom. Tsis tas li ntawm kev siv nws ua dej haus, peb tuaj yeem siv ethanol ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob los ntxuav cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li roj thiab roj ntxiv hauv tsheb. Ntxiv mus, ethanol yog miscible nrog dej, thiab nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug hnyav hnyav.
Methanol yog dab tsi?
Methanol yog cov tswv cuab yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm tsev neeg cawv. Nws muaj cov mis molecular CH3OH, thiab qhov hnyav molecular yog 32 g mol-1 Methanol yog lub teeb heev, flammable, volatile, thiab kua tsis muaj xim. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, nws yog tshuaj lom heev. Nws muaj ib tug yam ntxwv tsw thiab ib tug burning saj. Cov ntsiab lus melting ntawm methanol yog -98 o C, thiab kub taw tes yog 65 oC.
Daim duab 02: Methanol Structure
Tsis tas li ntawd, methanol reacts nrog oxygen gas los tsim carbon dioxide thiab dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua pa anaerobic ntawm qee hom kab mob ua rau muaj methanol. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem tsim nws los ntawm fossil fuels xws li natural gas lossis thee. Methanol yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub chaw soj nstuam rau dissolving polar solutes. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li roj hauv tsheb, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub tsheb radiators, thiab ua denaturant. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem siv nws ua tus thawj coj hauv ntau lwm cov txheej txheem synthesis ib yam nkaus.
Qhov txawv ntawm Ethanol thiab Methanol yog dab tsi?
Ethanol thiab methanol yog cawv sib xyaw. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ethanol thiab methanol yog tias ethanol yog qhov sib piv tsis tshua muaj tshuaj lom yog li peb tuaj yeem siv nws hauv dej haus thaum methanol yog tshuaj lom thiab yog li, peb tsis siv nws hauv dej haus. Tsis tas li ntawd, methanol yog cov cawv yooj yim tshaj plaws hauv tsev neeg cawv.
Ntxiv mus, ethanol muaj ob lub carbons, thiab methanol tsuas muaj ib qho carbon xwb. Yog li ntawd, qhov hnyav molecular ntawm ethanol yog siab dua methanol. Yog li, qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv ntawm ethanol thiab methanol. Tsis tas li ntawd, methanol muaj qhov kub qis dua li ethanol. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem cais ob qho no los ntawm cov txheej txheem distillation, thaum sib tov hauv cov tshuaj.
Raws li lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ethanol thiab methanol, ethanol yog cov kua txuas ntxiv dua tshiab, vim nws yog tsim los ntawm cov suab thaj lossis cov qoob loo zoo sib xws, tab sis methanol tsis tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv dua li nws yog tsim los ntawm fossil fuels.
Summary – Ethanol vs Methanol
Ethanol thiab methanol yog cov tshuaj cawv yooj yim tshaj plaws. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ethanol thiab methanol yog tias ethanol yog qhov sib piv tsis tshua muaj tshuaj lom yog li peb tuaj yeem siv nws hauv dej haus thaum methanol yog tshuaj lom thiab yog li, peb tsis siv nws hauv dej haus.
