Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev daws teeb meem thiab kev ncua yog tias cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab whereas cov khoom ntawm kev ncua yog pom.
Nyob hauv ib puag ncig ntuj, feem ntau ntawm cov khoom muaj nyob hauv cov khoom sib xyaw (xws li huab cua, dej). Hauv kev sib tov, muaj ob lossis ntau yam tshuaj, tab sis lawv tsis koom nrog ib leeg los ntawm kev siv tshuaj. Cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom pom cov khoom sib txawv ntawm lub cev lossis tshuaj lom neeg ntau dua li cov khoom sib txawv. Cov kev daws teeb meem, tshem tawm, thiab cov colloids yog cov piv txwv rau kev sib tov.
Kev daws yog dab tsi?
Kev daws yog homogeneous sib xyaw ntawm ob lossis ntau yam tshuaj. Peb lub npe nws homogenous sib tov vim hais tias muaj pes tsawg leeg yog uniform thoob plaws hauv cov tshuaj. Lub Cheebtsam ntawm kev daws yog feem ntau ntawm ob hom xws li cov kuab tshuaj thiab cov kuab tshuaj. Cov kuab tshuaj dissolves lub solutes thiab tsim ib tug uniform tov. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau cov kuab tshuaj yog siab tshaj qhov solute kom muaj nuj nqis.
Txhua qhov hais hauv cov tshuaj muaj qhov loj ntawm cov molecule lossis ib qho ion; peb tsis tuaj yeem pom cov khoom no los ntawm qhov muag liab qab. Cov kev daws teeb meem tuaj yeem muaj xim yog tias cov kuab tshuaj los yog cov kuab tshuaj tuaj yeem nqus pom lub teeb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev daws teeb meem feem ntau yog pob tshab. Cov kuab tshuaj yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kua, gaseous los yog solid state. Cov kuab tshuaj feem ntau yog kua. Ntawm cov kua, peb suav hais tias dej yog cov kuab tshuaj thoob ntiaj teb, vim tias nws tuaj yeem yaj ntau yam ntau dua li lwm cov kuab tshuaj. Peb yaj cov roj, khoom lossis lwm yam kua hauv cov kua ua kua.
Daim duab 01: Kev daws teeb meem sib txawv
Nyob rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj gaseous, peb tsuas yaj cov kuab tshuaj xwb. Muaj qhov txwv rau tus naj npawb ntawm cov kuab tshuaj uas peb tuaj yeem ntxiv rau qee yam ntawm cov kuab tshuaj. Cov tshuaj yuav saturated yog tias qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov kuab tshuaj ntxiv rau cov kuab tshuaj. Yog tias muaj cov kuab tshuaj tsawg heev, cov tshuaj yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev diluted, thiab yog tias muaj cov kuab tshuaj ntau hauv cov tshuaj, peb hu ua cov tshuaj concentrated. Yog li ntawd, los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj, peb tuaj yeem tau txais ib lub tswv yim hais txog tus naj npawb ntawm cov kuab tshuaj hauv cov tshuaj.
Kev ncua yog dab tsi?
Lub ncua kev kawm ntawv yog ib tug heterogeneous sib tov ntawm tshuaj (piv txwv li, dej nkos). Muaj ob yam khoom hauv kev ncua xws li cov khoom siv dispersed thiab qhov nruab nrab dispersion. Muaj cov khoom loj dua (cov khoom siv dispersed) uas faib thoob plaws hauv qhov nruab nrab dispersion. Qhov nruab nrab yuav tshwm sim ua kua, roj lossis khoom.
Daim duab 02: Kev Ncua Ntsig thiab Tsis ruaj khov
Ntxiv mus, yog tias peb tso cai rau ncua sij hawm nyob twj ywm rau qee lub sijhawm, cov khoom tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv qab ntawm lub thawv. Txawm li cas los xij, los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke, qhov kev ncua rov ua dua. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom hauv qhov raug tshem tawm yog pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab, thiab los ntawm kev pom, peb tuaj yeem yooj yim cais cov khoom ntawd. Vim hais tias ntawm cov khoom loj dua, cov kev ncua yuav opaque, thiab tsis pob tshab.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm kev daws teeb meem thiab kev ncua?
Kev daws thiab kev ncua yog ob hom kev sib xyaw. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev daws teeb meem thiab kev ncua yog tias cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab thaum cov khoom ntawm qhov raug tshem tawm pom. Raws li lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev daws thiab kev ncua, kev daws teeb meem yog qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob lossis ntau yam khoom thaum lub sijhawm ncua kev kawm yog qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj.
Tsis tas li ntawd, dispersion ntawm cov kuab tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj yog ib yam nyob rau hauv cov kev daws whereas nws tsis yog uniform nyob rau hauv suspensions. Qhov loj me me ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem yog tsawg dua 1 nanometer thaum nyob rau hauv kev ncua nws yog ntau tshaj 1000 nanometers. Ntxiv mus, cov kev daws teeb meem yog pob tshab, tab sis kev ncua yog opaque.
Cov lus qhia hauv qab no ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev daws teeb meem thiab kev tshem tawm qhia ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm ob hom kev sib tov.
Summary – Solution vs Suspension
Kev daws thiab kev ncua yog ob hom kev sib xyaw. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev daws teeb meem thiab kev ncua yog tias cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab thaum cov khoom ntawm qhov raug ncua yog pom.
