Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua enzyme thiab kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb yog tias cov enzyme kev ua haujlwm yog hais txog tus nqi ntawm cov substrates hloov mus rau cov khoom hauv ib lub sijhawm thaum lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb ntawm cov enzyme hais txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm enzyme ib milligram ntawm cov protein.
Feem ntau cov enzymes yog cov protein molecules. Lawv yog cov biocatalysts thiab pab kev ua haujlwm lom neeg. Enzymes ua los ntawm kev nce tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv biochemical. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj cov duab 3D tshwj xeeb uas pab txhawb lawv txoj haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv enzyme kinetics, tus cwj pwm ntawm cov enzyme tuaj yeem qhia hauv ob qhov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb. Lawv yog Enzyme Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Tshwj Xeeb ntawm enzyme.
Kev Ua Haujlwm Enzyme yog dab tsi?
Enzyme kev ua haujlwm txhais tau tias muaj pes tsawg tus moles ntawm substrate hloov mus rau cov khoom hauv ib lub sijhawm. Yog li, qhov kev ua enzyme ntsuas tus naj npawb ntawm cov enzyme moles tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev ntsuas no nyob ntawm ntau yam xws li qhov kub thiab txias, pH, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, muaj cov inhibitors thiab muaj cov activators, thiab lwm yam. Thaum cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau cov enzyme kev ua tau zoo, tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzyme yog siab.. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tswj tau qhov kev pom zoo rau kev ua haujlwm enzyme kom nyob ntawm nws qhov kev pom zoo.
Daim duab 01: Cov cuab yeej ntsuas Enzyme Activity
Hauv cov xwm txheej dav dav, qhov nce ntxiv ntawm cov substrates thiab enzyme tuaj yeem ua rau cov enzymes nce ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov tshuaj inhibitors tuaj yeem txo qis kev ua haujlwm enzyme. Hauv qhov sib piv, qhov muaj qhov ua kom muaj xws li divalent ions tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum ua kom cov enzymes nce ntxiv. SI units ntawm enzyme kev ua si yog katal. Tab sis, vim yog qhov kev txwv tsis pub siv, chav tsev siv feem ntau yog Enzyme Unit (U) uas yog sib npaug rau 1 μmol min -1Yog li, cov enzyme units qhia cov haujlwm.
Kev Ua Haujlwm Tshwj Xeeb yog dab tsi?
Kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm ib qho enzyme txhais tau hais tias purity ntawm ib qho enzyme hauv cov protein sib xyaw. Nws ntsuas qhov kev ua ntawm ib qho enzyme hauv ib milligram ntawm tag nrho cov protein. Yog li, chav tsev no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua kom huv ntawm cov enzymes los ntawm cov protein, txhawm rau ntsuas qhov purity ntawm cov enzymes. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb yog ntsuas los ntawm cov khoom tsim hauv chav tsev nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, ib milligram ntawm tag nrho cov proteins.
Ntxiv mus, cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm ib qho enzyme nyob ntawm biochemical xwm ntawm enzyme thiab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov enzymes thiab cov protein nyob ib puag ncig. Chav tsev SI ntawm kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb yog katal kg-1 Tab sis, vim muaj kev txwv tsis pub cuam tshuam nrog chav tsev no, nws qhia tau tias yog μmol mg-1 min-1 Tsis tas li ntawd, cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm ib qho enzyme kuj ntsuas tus lej ntawm cov enzyme.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Enzyme Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm tshwj xeeb?
- Enzyme Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Tshwj Xeeb yog ob qhov kev ntsuas uas ntsuas lub peev xwm ntawm cov enzyme los hloov substrates rau cov khoom hauv ib lub sijhawm.
- Qhov ntawm ob qho no yog katal.
- Ob leeg nyob ntawm lub substrate thiab enzyme concentrations.
Qhov txawv ntawm Enzyme Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm tshwj xeeb yog dab tsi?
Nyob rau hauv enzyme kinetics, enzyme kev ua thiab kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb yog ob qhov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb. Kev ua enzyme ntsuas tus nqi ntawm cov substrates hloov mus rau hauv cov khoom thaum cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntsuas cov haujlwm ntawm ib qho enzyme hauv ib milligram ntawm tag nrho cov protein. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua enzyme thiab kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua enzyme thiab kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb raws li kev siv ntxiv ntawm cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Ntawd yog, cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem piav qhia txog qhov purity ntawm enzyme ib yam nkaus.
Summary – Enzyme Activity vs Specific Activity
Enzymes yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov kev cuam tshuam biochemical. Thiab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov enzyme yog nyob ntawm nws cov haujlwm. Yog li, kev ua enzyme yog tus nqi ntawm cov substrates hloov mus rau cov khoom. Qhov no qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm enzyme. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb yog ib hom kev ua enzyme. Qhov no qhia txog qhov purity ntawm ib qho enzyme ib milligram ntawm cov protein. Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho kev ntsuas pab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas tus cwj pwm kinetic ntawm enzyme. Li no, qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm kev ua enzyme thiab kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb.
