Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv paramagnetic thiab diamagnetic yog tias cov khoom siv sib nqus tau txais kev nyiam rau sab nraud magnetic teb whereas cov ntaub ntawv diamagnetic tawm tsam los ntawm magnetic teb.
Cov khoom zoo li pom cov khoom sib nqus tsis muaj zog nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm sab nraud magnetic teb. Qee cov ntaub ntawv tau attracted rau sab nraud magnetic teb, whereas ib co repel los ntawm nws. Vim qhov sib txawv ntawm tus cwj pwm sib nqus, peb tuaj yeem faib cov ntsiab lus thiab cov khoom sib txuas ua ob hom, xws li paramagnetic thiab diamagnetic. Cov khoom uas tau attracted rau sab nraud magnetic teb yog cov ntaub ntawv paramagnetic. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov ntaub ntawv uas tawm tsam los ntawm sab nraud magnetic teb yog cov ntaub ntawv diamagnetic.
YParamagnetic yog dab tsi?
Paramagnetism tshwm sim vim muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis sib xws hauv lub cev. Txhua lub caij muaj tus lej sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab qhov ntawd txhais nws cov cim tshuaj. Raws li yuav ua li cas cov electrons sau rau hauv cov qib zog nyob ib ncig ntawm lub nucleus ntawm cov atom, qee cov electrons tseem tsis tau ua ke. Cov hluav taws xob tsis sib xws no ua zoo li cov hlau nplaum me me ua rau cov khoom sib nqus nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm sab nraud siv magnetic teb. Qhov tseeb, nws yog qhov tig ntawm cov electrons uas ua rau hlau nplaum.
Paramagnetic cov ntaub ntawv muaj lub sijhawm sib nqus dipole mus tas li vim qhov sib nqus ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsis sib xws txawm tias thaum tsis muaj qhov sib nqus sab nraud. Tab sis cov dipoles no taw qhia lawv tus kheej randomly vim thermal motion li no muab ib tug xoom net dipole sib nqus lub sij hawm. Thaum peb thov ib qho chaw sib nqus sab nraud, cov dipoles zoo li ua raws li cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov khoom siv hlau nplaum uas ua rau lub sijhawm sib nqus dipole. Yog li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv paramagnetic me ntsis tau txais kev nyiam rau sab nraud magnetic teb. Tab sis, cov khoom siv tsis khaws cov khoom sib nqus thaum peb tshem tawm sab nraud. Tsuas yog ib tug me me induced magnetization tsim txawm nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug sab nraud magnetic teb. Qhov no yog vim hais tias, tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm spin orients nrog rau sab nraud magnetic teb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov feem no yog ncaj qha proportional rau lub zog ntawm lub teb tsim.
Daim duab 01: Electron kev npaj ntawm Paramagnetic thiab Diamagnetic Materials
Feem ntau, ntau dua cov xov tooj ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis sib xws, siab dua cov cwj pwm paramagnetic thiab siab dua lub zog ntawm daim teb tsim. Yog li ntawd, kev hloov pauv thiab sab hauv cov hlau hloov pauv tau pom muaj zog sib nqus los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm 'd' thiab 'f' electrons thiab kuj vim muaj ntau yam tsis sib xws. Qee cov ntsiab lus paramagnetic muaj xws li Magnesium, Molybdenum, Lithium, thiab Tantalum. Kuj tseem muaj zog hluavtaws paramagnets xws li 'ferrofluids'.
Diamagnetic yog dab tsi?
Qee cov ntaub ntawv zoo li qhia tus cwj pwm sib nqus thaum muab tso rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lwm qhov chaw sib nqus. Cov no yog cov khoom siv diamagnetic. Lawv tsim magnetic teb uas tawm tsam nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm sab nraud magnetic teb thiab li no qhia tus cwj pwm repelling. Feem ntau, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv muaj cov khoom diamagnetic, ua rau tsis muaj zog rau kev sib nqus ntawm cov khoom thaum raug rau sab nraud magnetic teb. Tab sis, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas qhia lwm yam magnetic zog xws li paramagnetism thiab ferromagnetism, cov nyhuv ntawm diamagnetism yog negligible. Vim nws cov cuab yeej sib nqus tsis muaj zog, cov teebmeem ntawm diamagnetism yog qhov nyuaj rau kev soj ntsuam. 'Bismuth' ua raws li lub cev muaj zog.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Paramagnetic thiab Diamagnetic
Lub sij hawm paramagnetic yog hais txog kev nyiam ntawm cov khoom siv rau sab nraud magnetic teb thaum lub sij hawm diamagnetic yog hais txog kev tawm tsam ntawm cov khoom los ntawm sab nraud magnetic teb. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim hais tias cov ntaub ntawv paramagnetic muaj unpaired electrons whereas cov ntaub ntawv diamagnetic tsis muaj ib qho ntawm lawv cov electrons unpaired. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv paramagnetic thiab diamagnetic.
Lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv paramagnetic thiab diamagnetic yog cov hlau nplaum tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv paramagnetic yog nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm sab nraud magnetic teb thaum lub magnetic teb tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv diamagnetic yog tawm tsam nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia rau sab nraud magnetic teb.
Cov duab hauv qab no qhia txog kev sib piv cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv paramagnetic thiab diamagnetic.
Summary – Paramagnetic vs Diamagnetic
Peb tuaj yeem faib cov ntaub ntawv ua peb hom loj raws li lawv cov khoom sib nqus; Lawv yog cov khoom siv diamagnetic, paramagnetic thiab ferromagnetic. Qhov txawv ntawm paramagnetic thiab diamagnetic cov ntaub ntawv yog tias cov ntaub ntawv paramagnetic tau attracted rau sab nraud magnetic teb whereas cov ntaub ntawv diamagnetic repel los ntawm magnetic teb.
