Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm oxy thiab hydro yog qhov peb siv lub sij hawm oxy rau npe cov tebchaw uas muaj oxygen atoms whereas peb siv lub sij hawm hydro rau npe cov tebchaw uas muaj hydrogen atoms.
Cov ntsiab lus "oxy" thiab "hydro" yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm chemistry nrog rau kev siv ntau. Feem ntau, peb tuaj yeem siv lawv hauv nomenclature ntawm acids thiab ntau cov organic tebchaw. Piv txwv li, lo lus oxy yog pab tau rau npe ethers. Txawm hais tias lo lus hydro yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev naming cov tebchaw uas muaj hydrogen atoms, hauv kev siv, lo lus no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev naming txhua yam ntsig txog dej.
Oxy yog dab tsi?
Oxy yog ib lo lus uas peb siv rau lub npe cov tebchaw uas muaj oxygen atoms. Feem ntau, peb siv nws rau npe ethers. Nws yog lub ntsiab lus hauv IUPAC nomenclature. Lub ntsiab lus yog ib pawg ntawm cov ntawv uas peb ntxiv rau lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm lub npe txhawm rau piav qhia txog qhov xav tau sib xyaw kom raug. Piv txwv li, ethers muaj ib qho oxygen atom txuas rau ob pawg alkyl lossis aryl (R1-O-R2). Nws yog tus qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm ether. Yog li ntawd, peb lub npe no ib qho oxygen atom nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob pawg alkyl li "oxy". Piv txwv li: yog tias ob pawg alkyl txuas nrog cov pa atom yog methyl pawg, ces peb lub npe ether li "methoxy methane".
Daim duab 01: Lub npe Ethers
Ntxiv mus, pawg ua haujlwm CH3-O yog "methoxy pawg". Yog tias pawg no muaj nyob rau hauv ib lub molecule, peb hais tias molecule muaj ib pawg methoxy.
Hydro yog dab tsi?
Hydro yog ib lo lus uas peb siv los sau npe cov tebchaw uas muaj hydrogen atoms. Raws li ib qho piv txwv, hydrocarbons yog hom tshuaj uas muaj cov pa roj carbon thiab hydrogen atoms ua cov khoom tseem ceeb. Qee lub sij hawm peb tuaj yeem siv lo lus no los hu ua peroxides uas muaj hydrogen atoms sib koom ua ke rau pawg peroxide. Cov no yog "hydroperoxides" (ROOH). Muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm tau los ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, peb hu lawv "hydroperoxy" pawg.
Ntxiv mus, peb tuaj yeem siv lo lus no los sau npe qee cov kua qaub xws li binary acids. Piv txwv li: HF yog hydrofluoric acid, HCl yog hydrochloric acid. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem siv nws los ntawm kev sib ntxiv ntawm hydrogen rau ib lub molecule. Piv txwv li: hydrogenation yog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm hydrogen. Raws li ib qho piv txwv, peb siv nws rau npe txhua yam ntsig txog dej. Ex: Hydropower.
Qhov txawv ntawm Oxy thiab Hydro yog dab tsi?
Oxy yog ib lo lus uas peb siv rau lub npe cov tebchaw uas muaj oxygen atoms. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, peb siv lo lus no nyob rau hauv nomenclature hauv chemistry rau npe ethers. Hydro yog ib lo lus uas peb siv los hu ua cov tebchaw uas muaj hydrogen atoms. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv naming ntau acids xws li binary acids; HF, HCl, HBr, thiab lwm yam. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm oxy thiab hydro. Ntxiv mus, ob nqe lus no tseem ceeb heev hauv kev sau npe cov tshuaj sib txawv.
Summary – Oxy vs Hydro
Muaj ntau cov lus ua ntej thiab cov lus kawg peb siv hauv chemistry thiaj li yuav tau lub npe tshuaj lom neeg. "oxy", thiab "hydro" yog ob lo lus. Qhov txawv ntawm oxy thiab hydro yog tias peb siv lub sij hawm oxy rau npe cov tebchaw uas muaj oxygen atoms whereas peb siv lub sij hawm hydro rau npe cov tebchaw uas muaj hydrogen atoms.
