Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm R thiab S teeb tsa yog qhov R teeb tsa yog qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm R isomer, uas muaj nws cov txheeb ze ntawm qhov kev txiav txim tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia clockwise whereas S configuration yog spatial kev npaj ntawm S isomer uas muaj. nws tus txheeb ze kev taw qhia ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia anticlockwise. Ntawm no, qhov txheeb ze ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ua ntej yog qhov nqis los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg hloov pauv.
R thiab S isomers yog cov organic molecules uas muaj lub chaw chiral, uas yog cov pa roj carbon atom uas muaj plaub qhov sib txawv sib txawv txuas rau nws. Cov neeg hloov pauv no tau teev npe raws li lawv qhov tseem ceeb (qhov tseem ceeb yog txiav txim siab siv CIP cov cai raws li tau piav qhia hauv qab no).
R Configuration yog dab tsi?
Ib qho isomer yog txhua qhov ntawm ob lossis ntau lub tebchaw nrog tib lub mis tab sis sib txawv ntawm cov atoms hauv cov molecule. R configuration yog spatial kev npaj ntawm R isomer. Yog li, R isomer muaj nws tus txheeb ze kev taw qhia ntawm qhov kev txiav txim tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ib tug clockwise kev taw qhia. Lub hauv paus rau kev txiav txim siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg hloov pauv txuas nrog lub chaw chiral yog CIP cov cai (Cahn-Ingold-Prelog cov cai). Cov cai CIP yog raws li nram no:
- Ua ntej, xav txog cov atoms uas ncaj qha mus rau chiral center. Thaum tus lej atomic siab dua, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws kuj tau siab dua. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias ib tug hloov pauv muaj ib tug atom nrog ib tug siab atomic tooj sib txuas ncaj qha mus rau lub chiral centre, tus neeg hloov pauv tau qhov tseem ceeb dua li lwm tus.
- Yog tias ob tus neeg hloov pauv tau sib txuas ncaj qha atoms nrog cov lej atomic sib npaug, ces xav txog tus lej atomic ntawm cov atom tom ntej hauv cov neeg hloov pauv. Peb yuav tsum kuaj xyuas cov atoms ntawm cov neeg hloov pauv ib qho los ntawm ib qho kom txog thaum qhov sib txawv tuaj.
Daim duab 01: R thiab S Configurations
Tom qab txiav txim siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov hloov pauv, peb yuav tsum ua raws li kev coj ua ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab ua ntej nyob ib puag ncig chiral center; uas yog, los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws mus rau qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hloov pauv. Yog hais tias cov kev taw qhia yog clockwise, ces lub configuration ntawm lub isomer yog hu ua R configuration. Tsab ntawv "R" los ntawm lo lus Latin "Rectus". Nws txhais tau tias, “Right-handed”.
S Configuration yog dab tsi?
S kev teeb tsa yog qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm S isomer. S isomer muaj qhov sib txawv tsis zoo li ntawm R isomer ntawm tib lub molecule. Tsab ntawv "S" los ntawm lo lus Latin "Sinister", thiab nws txhais tau tias, "Sab laug". Tsis zoo li R configuration, S configuration muaj lub anticlockwise kev taw qhia ntawm substituents; uas yog, los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws mus rau qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm R thiab S teeb tsa?
- Ob qho R thiab S Kev Teeb Meem muaj tib yam tshuaj formula thiab atomic kev npaj
- Ob leeg muaj cov molar zoo sib xws.
Qhov txawv ntawm R thiab S Configuration yog dab tsi?
R vs S Configuration |
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| R configuration yog spatial kev npaj ntawm R isomer. | S configuration yog qhov kev npaj ntawm S isomer. |
| Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg hloov pauv | |
| R isomer muaj nws cov txheeb ze kev taw qhia ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ua ntej nyob rau hauv lub clockwise kev taw qhia. | S isomer muaj nws cov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ua ntej nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia anticlockwise. |
| Tsab ntawv "R" los ntawm lo lus Latin "Rectus" lub ntsiab lus, "Right-handed". | Tsab ntawv "S" los ntawm Latin lo lus "Sinister". Nws txhais tau tias, “Sab laug tes”. |
| Qhov kev npaj ntawm R configuration yog txawv ntawm qhov S configuration ntawm tib molecule. | |
Summary – R vs S Configuration
Cov organic tebchaw muaj cov chaw chiral muaj R thiab S teeb tsa. R thiab S isomers yog cov molecules muaj feem xyuam ntawm cov teeb tsa no, feem. Lub hauv paus ntawm R thiab S configuration yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg hloov pauv txuas nrog lub chaw chiral. Ua kom tiav qhov kev sib piv; Qhov sib txawv ntawm R thiab S configuration yog tias R isomer muaj nws tus txheeb ze kev taw qhia ntawm qhov kev txiav txim tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ib tug clockwise kev taw qhia. Thiab, nyob rau hauv sib piv, tus S isomer muaj nws tus txheeb ze kev taw qhia ntawm qhov tseem ceeb kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv ib tug anticlockwise kev taw qhia.
