Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Copper 1 vs Copper 2
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tooj liab 1 thiab tooj liab 2 yog tooj liab 1 yog tsim los ntawm qhov poob ntawm ib lub electron los ntawm ib lub atom tooj liab whereas tooj liab 2 yog tsim los ntawm qhov poob ntawm ob electrons los ntawm ib tug tooj liab atom.
tooj liab yog ib qho kev hloov pauv uas tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv d block ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv ob lub xeev oxidation ruaj khov: tooj liab (I) thiab tooj liab (II); cov no kuj hu ua tooj liab 1 thiab tooj 2 raws.
Copper 1 yog dab tsi?
Copper 1 yog +1 oxidation xeev ntawm tooj liab. Nws yog tsim los ntawm qhov poob ntawm ib lub electron los ntawm ib tug tooj liab atom; yog li ntawd, lawv yog cations. Qhov no yog vim hais tias thaum ib qho hluav taws xob poob ntawm ib lub atom, qhov zoo ntawm cov proton tseem tsis sib npaug los ntawm cov hluav taws xob tam sim no hauv lub atom. Li no, lub atom tau txais ib qho hluav taws xob +1. Tooj 1 yog txhais los ntawm Cu+1 lossis tooj (I). Cov cation no hu ua cuprous ion. Kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob ntawm tooj liab 1 yog [Ar] 3d10 4s0 tooj liab 1 yog monovalent cation vim nws tuaj yeem khi rau ib qho -1 anion.
Daim duab 01: tooj liab (I) Oxide
Txawm li cas los xij, thaum nws los txog rau kev lag luam, lo lus tooj liab1 yog siv rau npe rau qee yam kev lag luam qib ntawm tooj liab hlau. Copper1 yog cov hlau tsis muaj tooj liab uas muaj qhov tsis sib xws. Nws yog siv los tsim cov hlau tsis muaj hluav taws xob nrog 1/6 thickness.
Copper 2 yog dab tsi?
Copper 2 yog +2 oxidation xeev ntawm tooj liab. Nws yog tsim los ntawm kev poob ntawm ob lub electrons los ntawm ib tug tooj liab atom. Qhov no ua rau tooj liab + 2 cation. Nws yog txhais los ntawm Cu2+ lossis tooj (II). Txij li thaum lub atom poob ob lub electrons, nws tau txais +2 hluav taws xob. Lub electron configuration ntawm tooj liab 2 yog [Ar] 3d9 4s0 tooj liab 2 yog divalent cation. Nws tseem hu ua cupric ion.
Daim duab 02: Tooj liab (II) Sulfate yog cov khoom sib xyaw uas muaj tooj liab (II) Oxidation State
Copper 2 yog lub npe lag luam qib muab rau qee cov ntaub ntawv tooj liab. Tooj 2 tsis muaj qhov huv si. Cov tooj liab 2 qib muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam yog tiav nrog tin lossis lacquer. Lub thickness ntawm cov xov hlau tsim los ntawm cov hlau no yog tsawg dua 1/6 . Qib no ntawm tooj liab muaj oxidized los yog coated nto.
Qhov txawv ntawm tooj liab 1 thiab tooj liab 2 yog dab tsi?
Copper 1 vs Tooj 2 |
|
| Copper 1 yog +1 oxidation xeev ntawm tooj. | Copper 2 yog +2 oxidation lub xeev ntawm tooj. |
| tooj liab 1 yog tsim los ntawm kev poob ntawm ib lub electron los ntawm ib tug tooj liab atom. | Copper 2 yog tsim los ntawm kev poob ntawm ob lub electrons los ntawm tooj liab atom. |
| nqi hluav taws xob | |
| Copper 1 muaj +1 hluav taws xob. | Copper 2 muaj +2 hluav taws xob. |
| Hluav taws xob Configuration | |
| Kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob ntawm tooj liab 1 yog [Ar] 3d10 4s0. | Kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob ntawm tooj liab 2 yog [Ar] 3d9 4s0. |
| Kev siv qib kev lag luam | |
| Hauv kev lag luam qib kev siv, tooj liab1 yog hais txog ib daim ntawv ntawm tooj liab hlau uas muaj qhov huv si thiab tsis muaj coated thiab yog unalloyed. | Hauv kev lag luam qib kev siv, tooj2 yog hais txog ib daim ntawv ntawm cov hlau uas muaj qhov tsis huv thiab coated nto. |
Summary – Tooj 1 vs Copper 2
tooj liab yog ib qho d thaiv cov khoom uas tuaj yeem tsim tau ob lub cations ruaj khov los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob sab nraud. Cov cations yog hu ua cuprous ion (tooj liab 1) thiab cupric ion (tooj liab 2). Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tooj liab 1 thiab tooj liab 2 yog tooj liab 1 yog tsim los ntawm kev poob ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob los ntawm tooj liab atom thaum tooj liab 2 yog tsim los ntawm kev poob ntawm ob lub electrons los ntawm tooj liab atom.
Image Courtesy:
1. "Cuprous oxide lossis tooj liab (I) oxide" Los ntawm Mauro Cateb - Tus kheej ua haujlwm, (CC BY-SA 3.0) ntawm Commons Wikimedia
2. "Copper(II)sulfate 01" Los ntawm H. Zell - Tus kheej ua haujlwm (CC BY-SA 3.0) ntawm Commons Wikimedia
