Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Alpha vs Beta Thalassemia
Thalassemia yog ib pawg ntawm cov kab mob sib txawv uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv uas txo qis kev sib txuas ntawm alpha lossis beta globin chains, ua rau muaj ntshav tsis txaus, cov ntaub so ntswg hypoxia thiab cov cell liab hemolysis cuam tshuam rau qhov tsis sib xws hauv globin saw synthesis. Muaj ob hom loj ntawm thalassemia li alpha thalassemia thiab beta thalassemia. Hauv alpha thalassemia, muaj qhov txo qis ntawm cov alpha globin chains thaum nyob rau hauv beta-thalassemia nws yog tus naj npawb ntawm beta globin chains uas poob mus. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm alpha thiab beta thalassemia.
Alpha Thalassemia yog dab tsi?
Nyob rau hauv alpha thalassemia, qee cov noob uas muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev coding ntawm alpha globin chains raug tshem tawm. Cov noob alpha globin feem ntau muaj plaub daim ntawv luam. Qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob nyob ntawm tus lej ntawm cov ntawv uas ploj lawm.
Hydrops Fetalis
Synthesis ntawm alpha globin chains raug tshem tawm tag nrho thaum tag nrho plaub daim ntawv luam ntawm alpha globin noob ploj lawm. Txij li thaum alpha globin chains yuav tsum tau rau cov synthesis ntawm ob qho tib si fetal thiab cov neeg laus hemoglobin, tus mob no tsis haum rau lub neej; Yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv utero txiav cev xeeb tub tshwm sim yog hais tias tus fetus raug cuam tshuam los ntawm tus mob no.
HbH Kab Mob
Tus mob no yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis muaj peb daim ntawv theej ntawm alpha globin noob. Qhov no ua rau muaj mob me me mus rau qhov hnyav hypochromic microcytic anemia nrog kev txuam nrog splenomegaly.
Alpha Thalassemia Cov yam ntxwv
Qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis muaj lossis tsis ua haujlwm ntawm ib lossis ob daim ntawv theej ntawm alpha globin noob. Txawm hais tias alpha thalassemia yam ntxwv tsis ua rau mob ntshav qab zib, lawv tuaj yeem txo qhov ntim ntawm lub cev thiab txhais tau tias lub cev hemoglobin theem thaum nce cov qe ntshav liab ntau dua 5.51012/ L.
Daim duab 01: Keeb kwm ntawm Alpha Thalassemia
Kev kuaj mob ntawm alpha thalassemia yog los ntawm kev tshawb fawb globin saw synthesis.
Kev tswj hwm
Cov neeg mob uas muaj mob me me ntawm cov ntshav liab feem ntau tsis tas yuav muaj kev kho mob. Kev tswj hwm ntawm cov hlau thiab folic acid tau tawm tswv yim tsuas yog hauv qee tus neeg mob. Cov neeg uas muaj hom mob alpha thalassemia hnyav heev yuav tsum tau txhaj cov ntshav mus tas li.
Beta Thalassemia yog dab tsi?
Hauv beta thalassemia, tus nqi ntawm beta globin chains poob qis.
Beta Thalassemia Major
Yog tias ob niam txiv yog tus muaj tus kab mob beta thalassemia, qhov ua tau ntawm cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm beta thalassemia loj yog 25%. Hauv beta thalassemia loj, kev tsim cov beta globin chains yog tag nrho los yog txo qis. Txij li thaum tsis muaj beta globin chains txaus rau lawv los ua ke nrog, ntau tshaj alpha globin chains tau tso rau hauv ob qho tib si paub tab thiab tsis paub qab hau liab. Qhov no ua rau cov ntshav liab ntxov ntxov thiab tsis ua haujlwm erythropoiesis.
Tshuaj Kho Mob
- mob ntshav qab zib, uas tshwm sim tom qab 3-6 lub hlis tom qab yug.
- Splenomegaly thiab hepatomegaly
- thalassemic facies
Qhov kev hloov ntawm lub ntsej muag yog vim qhov nthuav ntawm cov pob txha vim yog pob txha pob txha hyperplasia. X-ray xov tooj cua qhia pom cov plaub hau-ntawm-kawg ntawm lub pob txha taub hau uas feem ntau pom hauv beta thalassemia.
Daim duab 02: Thalassemic facies
Kev kuaj mob
High-performance kua chromatography (HPLC) yog txoj kev loj siv hauv kev kuaj mob hematological niaj hnub no. Beta thalassemia loj HPLC qhia pom muaj qhov txo qis ntawm HbA nrog cov qib siab HbF txawv txawv. Cov ntshav suav tag nrho yuav qhia tau tias muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm hypochromic microcytic anemia, thiab kev kuaj ntshav yuav qhia tau tias muaj cov reticulocytes ntau ntxiv nrog rau basophilic stippling thiab phiaj hlwb.
Kev kho mob
- Txhob muab ntshav
- Iron chelation therapy
- Folic acid (yog tias kev noj zaub mov kom tsawg ntawm folic acid tsis txaus siab)
- Splenectomy (qee zaum siv los txo cov ntshav xav tau)
- pob txha pob txha hloov
- Kev kho noob rau kev tshuaj ntsuam thiab kho lub hom phiaj
Beta Thalassemia Trait / Me
Beta thalassemia me yog ib yam mob uas feem ntau tsis muaj tsos mob. Txawm hais tias cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li cov alpha thalassemia, beta thalassemia yog qhov hnyav dua li nws tus khub. Kev kuaj mob ntawm beta thalassemia me me yog tsim yog tias HbA 2 qib siab dua 3.5%.
Thalassemia Intermedia
Thalassemia intermedia hais txog cov neeg mob thalassemia ntawm qhov mob hnyav uas tsis tas yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Alpha thiab Beta Thalassemia?
Nyob rau hauv ob qho xwm txheej, muaj qhov txo qis hauv cov ntshav hemoglobin
Qhov txawv ntawm Alpha thiab Beta Thalassemia yog dab tsi?
Alpha vs Beta Thalassemia |
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| Yuav txo qis ntawm cov alpha globin chains. | Yuav txo qis ntawm cov beta globin chains. |
| Deletion of Genes | |
| Qee cov noob muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev coding ntawm alpha globin chains raug tshem tawm. | Cov noob uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev sib txuas ntawm beta globin chains yog ib feem lossis tag nrho tshem tawm. |
| Type | |
| Hydrops fetalis, HbH kab mob thiab alpha thalassemia zoo yog cov hom loj ntawm alpha thalassemia. | Muaj ob hom beta thalassemia tseem ceeb xws li beta thalassemia loj thiab beta thalassemia minor. |
| Diagnosis | |
| Kev kuaj mob ntawm alpha thalassemia yog los ntawm kev tshawb fawb globin saw synthesis. | High-performance kua chromatography (HPLC) yog kev tshawb nrhiav siv rau kev kuaj mob ntawm beta thalassemia. |
| Tshuaj kho mob | |
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Summary – Alpha vs Beta Thalassemia
Thalassemia yog ib pawg ntawm cov kab mob sib txawv uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv qub uas txo qis kev sib txuas ntawm alpha lossis beta globin chains uas tsim cov neeg laus hemoglobin HbA. Thalassemia tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg loj xws li alpha thalassemia thiab beta thalassemia. Hauv alpha thalassemia, tus nqi ntawm cov alpha chains txo qis, thiab hauv beta-thalassemia, tus naj npawb ntawm beta chains poob qis. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm alpha thiab beta thalassemia.
Download PDF Version of Alpha vs Beta Thalassemia
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Alpha thiab Beta Thalassemia
