Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Lipoprotein vs Apolipoprotein
Plasma yog cov lipoproteins sib txawv. Cov rog thiab roj thaum degradation tau ntim rau hauv lipoproteins, uas thauj los ntawm cov ntshav mus rau lub hom phiaj ntawm lub cev. Lipoproteins yog complex, dej-soluble macromolecules muaj li ntawm hydrophobic lipid tivthaiv thiab ib los yog ntau tshaj hydrophilic proteins. Apolipoproteins yog cov protein molecules uas tsim cov complexes nrog lipids los tsim cov lipoprotein, thiab lawv tshwj xeeb rau txhua hom lipoprotein. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Lipoprotein thiab Apolipoproteins yog nyob rau hauv lawv cov khoom. Lipoproteins yog tsim los ntawm lipid tivthaiv thiab ib qho tshwj xeeb protein tivthaiv thaum apolipoprotein yog cov protein tivthaiv ntawm cov lipoprotein complex.
Lipoprotein yog dab tsi?
Lipoproteins yog lipid thiab protein complexes hauv cov ntshav ntawm cov kab mob. Cov lipoproteins koom nrog hauv kev ntim khoom thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm triglycerides, roj cholesterol, thiab cov roj fatty acids dawb hauv plasma rau nws cov kab mob. Qhov no lipid-protein complex yog ib qho amphipathic molecule uas muaj ob thaj chaw hydrophilic thiab thaj chaw hydrophobic. Cov cuab yeej ntawm hydrophobicity yog coj los ntawm cov lipid tivthaiv uas suav nrog phospholipids, cholesterol, thiab triglyceride, whereas cov cuab yeej ntawm hydrophilicity yog coj los ntawm cov protein tivthaiv. Yog li, nws yog ib nrab soluble thiab tsim cov qauv micelle hauv dej thiab nqa cov rog thauj mus los.
Daim duab 01: Cov qauv ntawm Lipoprotein
Hom Lipoprotein
Muaj plaub lub lipoproteins tseem ceeb - Chylomicrons, High Density Lipoproteins (HDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), thiab low density lipoproteins (VLDL). Chylomicrons yog hom lipoproteins loj tshaj plaws. Lawv feem ntau koom nrog hauv kev ntim khoom thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm kev noj zaub mov triglycerides thiab cov roj cholesterol. Yog li ntawd, lawv feem ntau yog synthesized thiab ua raws li nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv. Thaum qhov kev xav tau rau cov roj fatty acids dawb tshwm sim, lipoprotein lipase ua rau chylomicron thiab degrades chylomicron tso cov roj fatty acids dawb thiab cov chylomicron seem.
HDL yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws lipoprotein uas ua cov roj cholesterol uas muaj nyob hauv daim siab thiab hauv cov hnyuv. HDL lipoprotein muaj peev xwm thauj cov roj cholesterol nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub siab. Qhov no yuav pab kom tshem tau cov roj cholesterol ntau dhau thiab feem ntau hu ua kev nyab xeeb dua.
VLDL thiab LDL yog lwm yam lipoproteins tseem ceeb uas muaj ntau lub luag haujlwm ua si. LDL yog cov khoom degraded ntawm VLDL. LDL yog tsim thaum VLDL nkag mus rau hydrolysis los ntawm lipoprotein lipases. Ob leeg VLDL thiab LDL thauj triglycerides thiab cov roj cholesterol tawm ntawm lub hlwb mus rau qhov chaw uas ua rau muaj mob atherosclerosis. Yog li kev nce qib ntawm LDL thiab VLDL qhia tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob plawv
Apolipoprotein yog dab tsi?
Apolipoprotein yog cov protein tivthaiv ntawm lipoprotein molecule. Txij li nws yog ib qho protein tivthaiv, nws tuaj yeem raug cais tawm ntawm SDS - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Apolipoproteins yog hydrophilic thiab yog li, pab kev thauj mus los hauv plasma. Apolipoproteins tswj cov lipoprotein metabolism thiab yog cov khoom tseem ceeb vim muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas lawv muaj. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm apolipoproteins yog;
- Kev thauj thiab rov faib cov lipids rau ntau cov ntaub so ntswg peripheral
- Ua raws li cofactors rau qee cov enzymes koom nrog hauv lipid metabolism
- Txhim kho cov qauv thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm lipoproteins.
Daim duab 02: Apolipoproteins
Hom Apolipoprotein
Muaj plaub lub ntsiab apolipoproteins uas yog; apo-A, apo-B, apo-C and apo-E
Apo-A lossis Apolipoprotein A muaj subtypes; uas yog, apoA- I, apoA- II thiab apoA – IV
ApoA - Kuv yog thawj feem hauv HDL thiab tseem pom muaj nyob hauv Chylomicrons thiab tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv VLDL lossis nws cov seem. ApoA - Kuv yog synthesized ob lub siab thiab cov hnyuv. Lub apoA - Kuv synthesized nyob rau hauv lub siab yog ntim rau hauv chylomicrons tab sis sai sai hloov mus rau HDL hais. Hepatic apoA - Kuv cuam tshuam ncaj qha nrog HDL. ApoA - Kuv kuj ua haujlwm ua tus cofactor rau lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT), uas yog ib qho enzyme siv los tsim cov roj cholesterol esters.
ApoA - II, zoo ib yam li apoA - Kuv, tshwm sim feem ntau hauv HDL, thiab lub hauv paus ntawm kev sib txuas yog lub siab. Yog li, ob qho tib si apoA - Kuv thiab II koom nrog kev thauj cov lipids mus rau hauv daim siab.
ApoA - IV yog qhov tseem ceeb apolipoprotein hauv chylomicrons thiab yog li, ua ke feem ntau hauv cov hnyuv thiab lub siab. Nws muaj ntau pom nyob rau hauv lub plasma. Nws cov haujlwm zoo ib yam li apoA I thiab II thiab pab txhawb kev thauj mus los ntawm lipids (triglycerides)
Apo B yog ob hom loj; apoB – 100 thiab apoB – 48. ApoB – 100 yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm VLDL thiab LDL whereas apoB-48 yog cov khoom tseem ceeb muaj nyob hauv chylomicrons thiab chylomicron remnants. ApoB - 100 yog cov protein txiav txim siab hauv LDL uas paub txog LDL receptor txhawm rau pib LDL catabolism.
Apo C yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov hnyav molecular ntawm cov apolipoproteins. Lawv yog cov khoom ntawm chylomicrons, VLDL thiab HDL. Lawv ua raws li qhov chaw molecules hauv cov lipoproteins. ApoC kuj muaj peb hom ntawv tseem ceeb xws li ApoC – I, II thiab III qhov twg ApoC-III yog hom ntau tshaj.
ApoE yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm apolipoprotein nrog ntau lub luag haujlwm sib txawv thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv chylomicrons, chylomicron remnants, HDL thiab VLDL. Muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev thauj cov roj cholesterol mus rau cov metabolism; receptor-mediated uptake ntawm lipoproteins, heparin khi, tsim cov cholesterol ester hais, thiab inhibition ntawm mitogenic stimulation ntawm lymphocytes; tag nrho cov no yog complex mechanisms.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Lipoprotein thiab Apolipoprotein?
- Ob qho tib si tsim cov molecules ua haujlwm hu ua lipoproteins.
- Ob leeg yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov rog thiab cov roj cholesterol metabolism.
- Ob leeg koom nrog hauv kev thauj thiab faib cov triglycerides thiab roj cholesterol.
- Ob leeg ua raws li biomarkers rau ntau lub xeev cov hlab plawv thiab metabolic imbalances.
Qhov txawv ntawm Lipoprotein thiab Apolipoprotein yog dab tsi?
Lipoprotein vs Apolipoprotein |
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| Lipoproteins yog complex, dej-soluble macromolecules uas yog tsim los ntawm hydrophobic lipid tivthaiv thiab ib los yog ntau tshaj hydrophilic proteins. | Apolipoproteins yog cov protein molecules uas tsim cov txheej txheem nrog lipids los ua lipoprotein. Cov apolipoproteins tshwj xeeb rau txhua hom lipoprotein. |
| Polarity | |
| Lipoproteins yog amphipathic uas muaj ob qho tib si polar thiab nonpolar Cheebtsam. | Apolipoproteins yog hydrophilic yog li, lawv muaj cov polar Cheebtsam. |
Summary – Lipoprotein vs Apolipoprotein
Lipoproteins thiab apolipoproteins yog cov ntsiab lus sib cuam tshuam uas lipoproteins tsim los ntawm cov lipid tivthaiv thiab ib qho tshwj xeeb apolipoprotein thaum Apolipoproteins tshwj xeeb rau cov lipoproteins sib txawv. Lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog pab txhawb kev thauj mus los thiab faib cov lipids (hauv daim ntawv ntawm triglycerides) thiab cov roj cholesterol hauv lub cev. Qhov no tuaj yeem raug coj los ua qhov sib txawv ntawm Lipoprotein thiab Apolipoprotein.
Download PDF Version of Lipoprotein vs Apolipoprotein
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Lipoprotein thiab Apolipoprotein
