Qhov Tseem Ceeb - Nitrification vs Denitrification
Lub voj voog nitrogen yog lub voj voog biogeochemical tseem ceeb uas nitrogen hloov mus rau hauv cov tshuaj sib txawv xws li NH3, NH4 +, NO2,3 – thiab lwm yam. Muaj plaub txheej txheem loj hauv lub voj voog nitrogen. Lawv yog fixation, ammonification, nitrification, thiab denitrification. Ntau cov txheej txheem no yog ua los ntawm cov kab mob microorganisms, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kab mob uas muaj nyob hauv av. Nitrification thiab denitrification yog ob theem tseem ceeb uas hloov atmospheric nitrogen rau hauv nitrate thiab nitrate rov qab rau hauv atmospheric nitrogen. Nitrification yog biological transformation ntawm ammonium (NH4+) rau nitrate (NO3 –) los ntawm oxidation thaum denitrification yog kev hloov pauv roj ntsha ntawm nitrate rau nitrogenous gases (N2) los ntawm kev txo qis. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nitrification thiab denitrification.
Nitrification yog dab tsi?
Nitrification yog cov txheej txheem uas hloov ammonia lossis ammonium ions rau hauv nitrates los ntawm oxidation. Nws yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub voj voog nitrogen. Nws tau yooj yim los ntawm ob hom chemoautotrophic aerobic kab mob xws li Nitrosomonas thiab Nitrobacter. Lawv ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv aerobic mob. Nitrification yog pib los ntawm Nitrosomonas. Nitrosomonas cov kab mob hloov ammonia thiab ammonium ions rau hauv nitrite. Thib ob, nitrite hloov mus rau nitrate los ntawm Nitrobacter. Ob kauj ruam no tuaj yeem sawv cev raws li hauv qab no.
Nitrification yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev txuas ntxiv ntawm ecosystem thiab organic teeb meem decomposition. Nitrification kuj tseem yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau cov nroj tsuag. Cov nroj tsuag tau txais nitrogen li nitrates. Nitrate yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm nitrogen hauv cov nroj tsuag. Li no, nitrification yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua liaj ua teb thiab nroj tsuag.
Daim duab 01: Nitrogen Cycle
Denitrification yog dab tsi?
Denitrification yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txo cov nitrates hauv cov av rau hauv atmospheric nitrogen gas los ntawm denitrifying kab mob. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm nitrification, uas tau piav qhia hauv nqe lus saum toj no. Denitrification yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv lub voj voog nitrogen, uas tso cov roj nitrogen ruaj khov rov qab rau hauv qhov chaw. Denitrification yog yooj yim los ntawm denitrifying kab mob xws li Pseudomonas, thiab Clostridium. Cov kab mob no yog facultative anaerobic thiab heterotrophic kab mob. Lawv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv anaerobic los yog anoxic tej yam kev mob xws li waterlogged av. Lawv siv nitrate raws li lawv cov substrate ua pa, thiab raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws, nitrate raug tso tawm raws li ib tug gaseous nitrogen rau cov huab cua.
Daim duab 02: Denitrification
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Nitrification thiab Denitrification?
- Nitrification thiab denitrification yog ob txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub voj voog nitrogen.
- Ob yam txheej txheem yog tsav los ntawm cov kab mob.
Qhov txawv ntawm Nitrification thiab Denitrification yog dab tsi?
Nitrification vs Denitrification |
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| Nitrification yog oxidation ntawm ammonia lossis ammonium ions rau hauv nitrate ions los ntawm cov kab mob nitrifying. | Denitrification yog txo cov nitrate rau hauv gaseous nitrogen los ntawm cov kab mob denitrifying. |
| Reaction Sequence | |
| Nitrification tshwm sim raws li NH3→NH4+ → NO 2– → NO3– | Denitrification tshwm sim raws li NO3-→NO2- →NO→N2O →N2 |
| Yam ua liaj ua teb | |
| Nitrification yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev ua liaj ua teb vim nws tsim cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem siv tau nitrogen (nitrate ions) | Denitrification yog kev puas tsuaj rau cov qoob loo vim cov nroj tsuag nkag tau nitrogen (nitrate) hloov mus rau gaseous nitrogen (N2). |
| Reacts | |
| Nitrification tshwm sim los ntawm oxidation. | Denytrification tshwm sim los ntawm kev txo qis |
| kab mob koom nrog | |
| Nitrification yog yooj yim los ntawm chemoautotrophic aerobic bacteria. | Denitrification yog txhawb nqa los ntawm cov kab mob facultative lossis heterotropic denitrifying bacteria. |
| Txoj kev zoo | |
| Nitrification yog txiaj ntsig rau kev ua liaj ua teb vim nws muab nitrate rau cov nroj tsuag. | Denitrification yog qhov zoo rau cov dej nyob hauv dej thiab kev lag luam lossis dej khib nyiab. |
| Kev xav rau ib puag ncig kev ntxhov siab | |
| Nitrifiers yog qhov rhiab rau ib puag ncig kev ntxhov siab. | Denitrifiers tsis tshua nkag siab rau ib puag ncig kev ntxhov siab. |
| pH Range | |
| Nitrification tshwm sim hauv pH ntawm 6.5 txog 8.5. | Denitrification tshwm sim hauv pH ntawm 7.0 thiab 8.5. |
| Kub | |
| Nitrification kub li ntawm 16 txog 35 0 | Denytrification kub ntawm 26 txog 38 0 |
| Txoj Cai | |
| Nitrification haum rau aerobic mob. | Denitrification nyiam cov mob anoxic. |
| Kev txwv tsis pub | |
| Nitrification tshwm sim los ntawm dej nyab, siab salinity, siab acidity, siab alkalinity, ntau tilling thiab tshuaj lom compounds. | Denitrification yog inhibited los ntawm txo nitrification, qis nitrate qib, chiv, thiab av ntws. |
Summary – Nitrification vs Denitrification
Nitrogen gas suav txog li 78% ntawm cov huab cua los ntawm ntim. Atmospheric nitrogen nkag mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no nyob los ntawm tus txheej txheem hu ua biological nitrogen fixation. Nws yog ua los ntawm nitrogen kho cov kab mob. Nitrogen-fixing kab mob hloov nitrogen rau hauv ammonia Tom qab no ammonia circulates ntawm nitrogen voj voog, muab nitrogen rau tag nrho cov kab mob nyob. ammonia thiab ammonium ions hloov mus rau nitrate los ntawm oxidation. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua nitrification. Nitrification yog ib theem tseem ceeb hauv lub voj voog nitrogen. Nws yog ua los ntawm cov kab mob aerobic xws li Nitrosomonas thiab Nitrobacter. Av nitrate yog siv los ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab lwm yam kab mob. Nitrate nyob rau hauv cov av yog siv los ua lub zog los ntawm denitrifying kab mob nyob rau hauv anaerobic tej yam kev mob. Thaum cov txheej txheem ntawd, nitrate hloov rov qab rau hauv atmospheric N2 los ntawm kev txo qis. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua denitrification. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm nitrification thiab denitrification.
Download PDF Version of Nitrification vs Denitrification
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li cov ntawv sau tseg. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Nitrification thiab Denitrification.
