Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Substrate Qib Phosphorylation vs Oxidative Phosphorylation
Phosphorylation yog txheej txheem uas ntxiv ib pab pawg phosphate rau hauv cov organic molecule los ntawm cov enzymes tshwj xeeb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb mechanism uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cell hloov lub zog los yog cia lub zog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm siab zog bonds ntawm phosphate pawg. ATP yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov hlwb los ntawm phosphorylation. Lwm yam tseem ceeb phosphate-muaj cov tebchaw kuj tau tsim los ntawm phosphorylation. Muaj ntau hom phosphorylation. Ntawm lawv, substrate theem phosphorylation thiab oxidative phosphorylation yog muaj nyob rau hauv hlwb. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qib substrate phosphorylation thiab oxidative phosphorylation yog tias nyob rau hauv substrate theem phosphorylation, ib pab pawg phosphate los ntawm phosphorylated compound ncaj qha mus rau ADP lossis GDP los tsim ATP lossis GTP yam tsis muaj lwm cov molecules thaum nyob rau hauv oxidative phosphorylation, as-ham los yog chemicals muab cov khoom. lub zog los hloov ib pawg phosphate rau ADP thiab tsim lub zog siab ATP nrog kev pab ntawm electron lossis H+ thauj system.
Dab tsi yog Substrate Phosphorylation?
Kev hloov pauv ncaj qha ntawm pawg phosphate los ntawm substrate rau ADP rau kev tsim lub zog siab ATP yog hu ua substrate phosphorylation. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no feem ntau yog catalyzed los ntawm cov enzyme kinases. Phosphate pab pawg neeg pub dawb ncaj qha los yog hloov ib pab pawg phosphate rau ADP yam tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm ib nrab ntawm tus neeg pub dawb thiab ADP. Cov phosphate pab pawg yog pauv los ntawm thawj molecule thiab tau txais los ntawm lub thib ob molecule. Lub zog tso tawm thaum lub sij hawm tawg ntawm pawg phosphate yog siv rau phosphorylation ntawm ADP nyob rau hauv substrate theem phosphorylation, thiab nws yog hu ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coupling. Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm qhov sib npaug hauv qab no.
Glycolysis yog qhov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws uas ATP yog tsim los ntawm qib phosphorylation thaum ob lub phosphoenol pyruvate molecules hloov mus rau hauv ob lub pyruvate molecules los ntawm pyruvate kinase enzyme nyob rau hauv aerobic lossis anaerobic mob. Ntxiv mus, thaum lub sij hawm Krebs, ATPs yog tsim los ntawm substrate theem phosphorylation.
Oxidative Phosphorylation yog dab tsi?
Oxidative phosphorylation yog txheej txheem uas phosphorylates ADP los ua ke ATP los ntawm kev xa cov hluav taws xob raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thauj mus los ntawm theem kawg ntawm kev ua pa aerobic. Nws siv NADH electron cab kuj thiab ATP synthase enzyme rau kev tsim ntawm ATP. Lub zog yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox (proton gradient), thiab cov phosphates los ntawm lub pas dej ntawm inorganic phosphates. Oxidative phosphorylation xav tau cov pa oxygen molecular raws li qhov kawg electron txais. Yog li ntawd, oxidative phosphorylation yog ua tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub aerobic tej yam kev mob, thiab nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub puab membrane ntawm mitochondria. Oxidative phosphorylation yog txheej txheem uas ua rau muaj tus lej ntau dua ntawm ATP hauv cov kab mob aerobic.
Daim duab 02: Oxidative Phosphorylation
Qhov txawv ntawm Substrate Level Phosphorylation thiab Oxidative Phosphorylation yog dab tsi?
Substrate Qib Phosphorylation vs Oxidative Phosphorylation |
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| Substrate theem phosphorylation ncaj qha hloov ib pawg phosphate los ntawm substrate (phosphorylated compound) rau ADP los tsim ATP. | Oxidative phosphorylation yog txheej txheem uas lub zog tso tawm los ntawm cov tshuaj oxidation ntawm cov as-ham yog siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm ATP. |
| Zog siv | |
| Zog yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ua ke rau cov txheej txheem no. | Lub zog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov saw hlau thauj khoom siv rau cov txheej txheem no. |
| Redox Potential | |
| Ib qhov sib txawv me me ntawm redox peev xwm yog tsim nyob rau hauv substrate theem phosphorylation. | Ib qhov sib txawv loj hauv redox peev xwm yog tsim los rau lub zog no phosphorylation. |
| Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si aerobic thiab anaerobic mob. | Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv aerobic mob. |
| Oxidization ntawm Compound | |
| Substrates yog oxidized ib nrab. | Electron donors yog oxidized tag. |
| Substrate theem phosphorylation tshwm sim hauv cytosol thiab mitochondria | Oxidative phosphorylation tshwm sim hauv mitochondria. |
| Qhov no tuaj yeem pom hauv glycolysis thiab Krebs cycle. | Qhov no tshwm sim tsuas yog thaum lub sij hawm thauj electron. |
| Association with Electron Transport Chain and ATP Synthase | |
| Substrate qib phosphorylation tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov saw hlau thauj khoom lossis ATP synthase | Qhov no cuam tshuam nrog cov saw hlau thauj hluav taws xob thiab ATP synthase. |
| Kev koom tes ntawm O2 thiab NADH | |
| Qhov no tsis siv O2 lossis NADH rau kev tsim ATP. | Qhov no siv O2 thiab NADH los tsim ATP. |
Summary – Substrate Level Phosphorylation vs Oxidative Phosphorylation
Substrate qib phosphorylation yog txheej txheem uas hloov ADP rau hauv ATP los ntawm kev xa ncaj qha ntawm pawg phosphate los ntawm cov phosphorylated compound rau ADP. Oxidative phosphorylation siv proton gradient (H+ ion concentration gradient) tsim nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thauj mus rau phosphorylate ADP rau hauv ATP hauv cov kab mob aerobic. Substrate theem phosphorylation tuaj yeem pom hauv glycolysis thiab Krebs voj voog. Oxidative phosphorylation tuaj yeem pom hauv cov saw hlau thauj khoom. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm substrate theem phosphorylation thiab oxidative phosphorylation.
