Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm theem pib thiab tsis yog theem pib yog qhov kev tawm tsam theem pib muaj ib kauj ruam, thaum tsis yog theem pib muaj ntau kauj ruam.
Peb tuaj yeem faib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov sib txawv, xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, catalysts, kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis yog theem pib raug faib raws li tus lej ntawm cov kauj ruam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj.
Dab tsi yog Qhov Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Tsev Kawm Qib Siab?
Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv theem pib yog tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas suav nrog ib kauj ruam me me. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, ib hom tshuaj muaj kev hloov pauv ncaj qha los muab cov khoom kawg hauv ib kauj ruam. Ntawm no, ib qho kev hloov pauv hauv lub xeev tau pom. Kev sim, yog tias peb tsis tuaj yeem kuaj pom cov khoom nruab nrab thaum muaj tshuaj lom neeg, peb tuaj yeem faib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv theem pib.
Daim duab 01: Ib qho Kev Tawm Tsam Hauv Cheeb Tsam hauv Organic Synthesis
Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau hom kev tawm tsam theem pib. Lawv yog cov hauv qab no:
Unimolecular Reactions
Nyob rau hauv qhov no, ib qho reactant tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xws li decomposition kom muab cov khoom kawg. Piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv unimolecular muaj xws li cis-trans isomerization, lub nplhaib-qhib, racemization, radioactive decay, thiab lwm yam.
Bimolecular Reactions
Meanwhile, nyob rau hauv bimolecular cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ob qhov hais undergo kev sib tsoo los muab cov khoom (s). Cov no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thib ob vim tias tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob ntawm ob qho tib si reactants. Piv txwv suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nucleophilic hloov pauv.
Trimolecular Reactions
Ib yam li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv trimolecular, peb cov khoom raug sib tsoo tib lub sijhawm los muab cov khoom lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, hom no tsis tshua muaj vim nws nyuaj rau peb cov reactants sib tsoo tib lub sijhawm.
Dab tsi yog Qhov Kev Tsis Txaus Siab Qib Kawm?
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis yog theem pib yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj uas suav nrog ntau cov kauj ruam. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias; cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no muaj ntau cov kauj ruam thiab cov kev hloov pauv sib txawv nrog cov intermediates sib txawv thiab. Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog qhov nyuaj heev.
Daim duab 02: Daim duab rau qhov tshwm sim ob-kauj ruam
Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis zoo li hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv theem pib, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis pom zoo nrog cov stoichiometric coefficients ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem yog tus lej lossis feem.
Qhov txawv ntawm theem pib thiab tsis yog theem qis yog dab tsi?
Qhov txawv ntawm theem pib thiab tsis yog theem pib yog nyob ntawm tus lej ntawm cov kauj ruam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv theem pib thiab tsis yog theem pib yog qhov kev cuam tshuam theem pib muaj ib kauj ruam thaum tsis yog theem pib muaj ntau theem. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv theem pib, muaj ib qho kev hloov pauv hauv lub xeev, thiab tsis muaj cov khoom nruab nrab uas tsim tau thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis yog theem pib, muaj ntau txoj kev hloov pauv hauv xeev nrog ntau qhov nruab nrab peb tuaj yeem ntes tau yooj yim.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv theem pib yog qhov yooj yim, thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis yog theem pib nyuaj. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv theem pib, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv stoichiometric coefficients thaum, nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis yog theem pib, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav los yog tsis sib npaug rau cov stoichiometric coefficients ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Cov hauv qab no qhia cov ntsiab lus ntxiv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm theem pib thiab tsis yog theem pib.
Summary – Elementary vs Non Elementary Reaction
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv theem pib thiab tsis yog theem pib raug faib raws li tus lej ntawm cov kauj ruam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm theem pib thiab tsis yog theem pib yog qhov kev cuam tshuam theem pib muaj ib kauj ruam, thaum tsis yog theem pib muaj ntau theem.
