Qhov Tseem Ceeb - Plasmid vs Episome
Cov kab mob muaj chromosomal DNA thiab extrachromosomal DNA. Chromosomal DNA yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv noob caj noob ces uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm. Extrachromosomal DNA kuj tseem ceeb rau cov kab mob; Hauv prokaryotes, extrachromosomal DNA muaj cov noob tshwj xeeb xws li tshuaj tua kab mob, tiv thaiv ntau yam hlau hnyav, thiab macromolecule degradation. Plasmid thiab episome yog ob hom extrachromosomal DNA ntawm cov kab mob. Plasmids raug kaw, ncig thiab ob-stranded DNA ntawm cov kab mob. Episome yog lwm hom kev sib piv loj dua extrachromosomal DNA muaj los ntawm cov kab mob. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm plasmid thiab episomes yog tias plasmids tsis tuaj yeem koom ua ke nrog cov kab mob chromosomal DNA thaum episomes muaj peev xwm ua ke nrog chromosomal DNA.
Plasmid yog dab tsi?
Plasmid yog ib lub voj voog me me ob txoj hlua DNA. Cov kab mob muaj plasmids ua lawv cov khoom siv chromosomal ntxiv. Plasmids muaj peev xwm rov ua dua tus kheej yam tsis tau txuas nrog chromosomes. Lawv nqa cov noob los yog cov ntaub ntawv uas tsim nyog rau nws tus kheej replication thiab txij nkawm. Li no lawv thiaj suav tias yog DNA ywj pheej.
Plasmids me me heev. Lawv muaj nyob hauv lub voj voog kaw hauv cov kab mob. Plasmids muaj cov noob tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob. Cov noob no encode cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov kab mob xws li tshuaj tua kab mob, degradation ntawm macromolecules, hnyav hlau kam rau ua thiab tsim cov bacteriocins.
Plasmids muaj kev siv loj heev hauv Molecular biology li vectors. Qhov ob txoj hlua khi ntawm DNA, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, kev muaj peev xwm ntawm tus kheej thiab qhov chaw txwv tshwj xeeb yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb uas ua rau plasmids haum dua li vector molecules hauv cov thev naus laus zis DNA recombinant. Plasmids kuj yooj yim cais thiab hloov mus ua tus kab mob.
Daim duab 01: Plasmids
Episome yog dab tsi?
Episome yog ib qho khoom siv ntxiv ntawm cov caj ces uas tuaj yeem muaj nyob hauv DNA ywj pheej rau qee lub sijhawm thiab ib daim ntawv sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv genomic DNA ntawm cov kab mob lwm lub sijhawm. Episomes raug suav hais tias yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb ntawm caj ces. Lawv feem ntau tshwm sim sab nraum tus tswv tsev hauv tus kab mob lossis lwm yam kab mob. Lawv tuaj yeem nkag mus rau tus tswv tsev kab mob thiab muaj nyob raws li extrachromosomal DNA thiab tom qab ntawd koom nrog genomic DNA thiab rov ua dua. Yog tias lawv nyob ua ke tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke, lawv raug puas tsuaj los ntawm tus tswv tsev cell. Yog tias sib xyaw ua ke, cov ntawv theej tshiab ntawm cov episomes yuav raug tsim tawm thiab dhau mus rau hauv cov menyuam ntxhais ib yam nkaus.
Episomes tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm plasmids vim lawv qhov loj dua. Qee qhov piv txwv suav nrog cov kab sib txuas, F yam ntawm cov kab mob, thiab qee yam kab mob.
Daim duab 02: Episomes
Qhov txawv ntawm Plasmid thiab Episome yog dab tsi?
Plasmid vs Episome |
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| Plasmid yog ib qho me me, ncig, ob npaug-stranded extrachromosomal DNA molecule ntawm cov kab mob. | Episome yog ib hom DNA extrachromosomal uas loj dua plasmids. |
| Muaj peev xwm rov ua tus kheej | |
| Nws muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau tus kheej rov ua dua. | Nws tsis muaj ntaub ntawv rau tus kheej rov ua dua. |
| Txuas nrog Chromosomal DNA | |
| Lawv tsis tuaj yeem txuas nrog chromosomal DNA ntawm cov kab mob. | Lawv tuaj yeem ua ke nrog chromosomal DNA. |
| Special Genes Encoding | |
| Qee cov noob nyob rau hauv plasmids muab cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb rau cov kab mob xws li tshuaj tua kab mob, kev ua siab ntev hlau, thiab lwm yam. | Episomes tsis muaj cov noob tshwj xeeb. F plasmid tsuas muaj F yam DNA xwb. |
| Siv li Vectors | |
| Plasmids yog siv los ua vectors. | Episomes tsis siv los ua vectors. |
Summary – Plasmid vs Episome
Episome thiab plasmid pab ua cov kab mob DNA ntawm cov kab mob extrachromosomal. Plasmids yog tus kheej-replicating me me ncig DNA molecules uas muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb xws li tshuaj tua kab mob thiab lwm yam. Plasmids yog siv los ua vectors nyob rau hauv recombinant DNA technology. Plasmids tsis tuaj yeem koom ua ke rau hauv cov kab mob chromosome. Episome yog lwm hom DNA ntawm cov kab mob extrachromosomal. Lawv muaj peev xwm sib sau ua ke rau hauv cov kab mob chromosomes thiab dhau mus rau hauv cov ntxhais hlwb thaum rov ua dua. Lawv loj dua plasmids muaj ntau lub hauv paus khub. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm plasmids thiab episomes.
