Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Acetaldehyde vs Acetone
Ob leeg Acetaldehyde thiab Acetone yog cov organic molecules me me, tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv raws li lawv pawg ua haujlwm. Hauv lwm lo lus, lawv yog ob qhov sib txawv carbonyl sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj sib txawv thiab lub cev. Acetone yog tus tswv cuab tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm pawg ketone, qhov acetaldehyde yog tus tswv cuab tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm pawg aldehyde. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Acetaldehyde thiab Acetone yog cov pa roj carbon atoms hauv cov qauv; acetone muaj peb Carbon atoms, tab sis acetaldehyde tsuas muaj ob lub carbon atoms. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pa roj carbon atoms thiab muaj ob pawg ua haujlwm sib txawv ua rau muaj ntau qhov sib txawv hauv lawv cov khoom.
Acetone yog dab tsi?
Acetone yog tus tswv cuab tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm ketone pawg, tseem hu ua propanone. Nws yog ib qho xim tsis muaj xim, volatile, flammable kua uas yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj. Feem ntau ntawm cov organic solvents tsis yaj hauv dej, tab sis acetone yog miscible nrog dej. Nws yog feem ntau siv los ntxuav lub hom phiaj hauv chav kuaj thiab ua cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov ntsia thawv polish tshem tawm cov kua thiab hauv cov xim thinner.
Acetaldehyde yog dab tsi?
Acetaldehyde, tseem hu ua ethanal yog tus tswv cuab tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm pawg aldehyde. Nws yog ib qho xim tsis muaj xim, nplaim taws ua kua nrog lub cev tsis muaj zog. Muaj ntau yam kev lag luam siv xws li tsim acetic acid, naj hoom, tshuaj thiab qee yam tsw.
Qhov txawv ntawm Acetaldehyde thiab Acetone yog dab tsi?
qauv thiab dav dav ntawm Acetaldehyde thiab Acetone
Acetone: Cov mis molecular ntawm acetone C3H6O. Nws yog tus tswv cuab yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm tsev neeg ketone. Nws yog volatile, flammable kua nrog pungent tsw.
Acetaldehyde: Cov mis molecular ntawm acetaldehyde C2H4O. Nws yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg aldehyde. Nws yog ib qho xim tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj kuab lom, nplaim taws ntawm chav tsev kub.
tshwm sim ntawm Acetaldehyde thiab Acetone
Acetone: Feem ntau, acetone muaj nyob hauv tib neeg cov ntshav thiab zis. Nws tseem yog tsim thiab pov tseg nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev thaum lub cev metabolism. Thaum tib neeg muaj ntshav qab zib mellitus, nws tau tsim ntau ntau hauv tib neeg lub cev.
Acetaldehyde: Acetaldehyde ib txwm pom muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam nroj tsuag (kas fes), qhob cij, zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj nyob rau hauv cov pa luam yeeb, roj av thiab diesel tso tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho nruab nrab hauv cov metabolism hauv cawv.
Kev siv Acetaldehyde thiab Acetone
Acetone: Acetone feem ntau yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj organic hauv cov chaw kuaj tshuaj thiab tseem yog tus neeg sawv cev hauv kev tsim cov ntsia thawv polish tshem tawm thiab thinner hauv kev lag luam xim.
Acetaldehyde: Acetone yog siv los tsim acetic acid, naj hoom, dyes, flavoring agents thiab tshuaj.
yam ntxwv ntawm Acetaldehyde thiab Acetone
Identification
Acetone: Acetone muab qhov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kuaj iodoform. Yog li, nws tuaj yeem yooj yim sib txawv ntawm acetaldehyde siv iodoform test.
Acetaldehyde: Acetaldehyde muab daim iav nyiaj rau "Tollen's reagent" whereas ketones tsis muab qhov txiaj ntsig zoo rau qhov kev sim no. Vim, nws tsis tuaj yeem oxidize yooj yim. Chromic acid test thiab Fehling's reagent kuj tseem siv tau los txheeb xyuas acetaldehyde.
Reactivity
Cov reactivity ntawm carbonyl pawg (aldehydes thiab ketones) feem ntau yog vim carbonyl (C=O) pawg.
Acetone: Feem ntau, pawg alkyl yog cov pab pawg pub dawb. Acetone muaj ob pawg methyl thiab txo cov polarization ntawm carbonyl pawg. Yog li ntawd, nws ua rau lub compound tsis tshua muaj reactive. Ob pawg methyl txuas rau ob sab ntawm pawg carbonyl ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua stearic thiab. Yog li ntawd, acetone tsawg reactive dua acetaldehyde.
Acetaldehyde: Hauv qhov sib piv, acetaldehyde tsuas muaj ib pawg methyl thiab ib qho hydrogen atom txuas rau pawg carbonyl. Raws li methyl pab pawg pub cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, hydrogen atom tshem tawm electrons; Qhov no ua rau cov molecule ntau polarized, thiab nws ua rau cov molecule ntau reactive. Piv nrog rau acetone, acetaldehyde muaj cov teebmeem stearic tsawg dua, thiab lwm cov molecules tuaj yeem mus tau yooj yim. Vim yog cov laj thawj no, acetaldehyde reactive dua acetone.
