Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm formaldehyde thiab acetaldehyde yog cov formaldehyde muaj hydrogen atom sib koom ua ke rau aldehyde functional pawg, whereas acetaldehyde muaj ib pawg methyl txuas rau aldehyde functional pawg.
Formaldehyde thiab acetaldehyde yog cov organic tebchaw uas peb tuaj yeem categorize li aldehyde compounds. Ob qho no feem ntau yog cov pa roj tsis muaj xim ntawm chav tsev kub. Tab sis formaldehyde tuaj yeem pom hauv cov kua hauv lub xeev ntawm kev lag luam. Formaldehyde yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws aldehyde muaj cov tshuaj formula CH2O.
Formaldehyde yog dab tsi?
Formaldehyde yog qhov yooj yim aldehyde uas muaj cov tshuaj formula CH2O. Lub npe IUPAC ntawm cov tshuaj no yog Methanal. Cov molar loj ntawm formaldehyde yog 30 g / mol, thiab nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub thiab siab, nws tshwm sim raws li ib tug tsis muaj kob roj nrog ib tug pungent, irritating tsw.
Ntxiv mus, lub melting point ntawm formaldehyde yog -92 ° C, thaum lub boiling point yog -19 ° C. Cov khoom no muaj cov pa roj carbon atom, ob lub hydrogen atoms, thiab cov pa oxygen atom sib koom ua ke ntawm covalent tshuaj bonds. Cov duab ntawm cov molecule yog trigonal planar.
Daim duab 01: Cov Qauv Tshuaj ntawm Formaldehyde
Ib qho tshuaj aqueous ntawm formaldehyde yog flammable thiab corrosive. Thaum xav txog kev npaj cov tshuaj formaldehyde, peb yuav tsum tau ntxiv methanol rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw kom tsis txhob formaldehyde los ntawm precipitating li paraformaldehyde. Nyob rau hauv txias txias, formaldehyde nyhav tsim cloudiness nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj vim yog tsim ntawm macromolecules ntawm formaldehyde polymerization.
Muaj ntau daim ntawv thov ntawm formaldehyde hauv kev lag luam thiab lwm qhov chaw. Nws yog siv los ua ib tug precursor rau ntau cov organic synthesis, piv txwv li, resins xws li melamine resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv los ua tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws tuaj yeem tua cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob ntawm cov ntoo. Txawm li cas los xij, formaldehyde yog tshuaj lom thiab paub tias yog carcinogenic.
Acetaldehyde yog dab tsi?
Acetaldehyde yog cov organic compound uas muaj cov tshuaj formula CH3CHO, thiab nws lub npe IUPAC yog ethanal. Cov tshuaj no muaj ib pawg methyl txuas nrog aldehyde functional pawg; Yog li, peb tuaj yeem sau nws li MeCHO, qhov twg Kuv hais txog Methyl. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb aldehyde compound uas tshwm sim dav hauv qhov; Piv txwv li, nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kas fes, qhob cij, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav. Txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj yog tsim los ntawm cov nplai loj rau kev lag luam. Lwm txoj hauv kev lom neeg muaj nyob rau nws qhov kev npaj; Txoj hauv kev no suav nrog qee qhov oxidation ntawm ethanol los ntawm lub siab enzyme cawv dehydrogenase, thiab qhov kev npaj no pab hangovers tom qab haus cawv.
Daim duab 02: Cov Qauv Tshuaj ntawm Acetaldehyde
Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub thiab siab, ethanal tshwm sim raws li cov kua tsis muaj xim. Qee qhov tseeb ntawm cov tshuaj no muaj raws li hauv qab no:
- Tshuaj formula yog C2H4O
- Molar mass yog 44.053 g/mol.
- Zoo ua kua tsis muaj xim.
- Cov tshuaj no muaj ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab.
- Lub ntsiab lus melting yog -123.37 ° C.
- Boiling point yog 20.0 degrees Celsius.
- Muscible nrog dej, ethanol, ether, benzene, toluene, thiab lwm yam.
Lub molecule muaj trigonal planar nyob ib ncig ntawm carbonyl carbon atom thiab tetrahedral geometry nyob ib ncig ntawm cov methyl carbon. Muaj ntau ntau yam kev siv ethanal, suav nrog nws lub luag haujlwm ua tus thawj coj rau acetic acid ntau lawm, ua cov khoom pib hauv kev sib txuas ntawm 1-butanol, perfumes, flavorings, aniline dyes, plastics, hluavtaws roj hmab, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov txawv ntawm Formaldehyde thiab Acetaldehyde yog dab tsi?
Formaldehyde thiab acetaldehyde yog cov organic tebchaw uas peb tuaj yeem categorize li aldehyde compounds. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm formaldehyde thiab acetaldehyde yog formaldehyde muaj cov hydrogen atom sib koom ua ke rau pawg carbonyl functional, whereas acetaldehyde muaj ib pawg methyl txuas nrog rau pawg carbonyl functional.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm formaldehyde thiab acetaldehyde hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Formaldehyde vs Acetaldehyde
Formaldehyde yog qhov yooj yim aldehyde uas muaj cov tshuaj formula CH2O. Acetaldehyde yog cov organic compound uas muaj cov tshuaj formula CH3CHO. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm formaldehyde thiab acetaldehyde yog formaldehyde muaj cov hydrogen atom sib koom ua ke rau pawg carbonyl functional, whereas acetaldehyde muaj ib pawg methyl txuas rau pawg carbonyl functional.
