Qhov Tseem Ceeb - Lysine vs L-lysine
Lysine thiab L-lysine yog ob hom amino acids, sib koom tib lub cev tab sis, muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Lysine thiab L-lysine yog nyob rau hauv lub peev xwm tig dav hlau polarized lub teeb. Lysine yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm lom neeg ib txwm muaj tshwm sim tseem ceeb α-amino acid. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ob hom isomeric vim muaj peev xwm tsim ob lub enantiomers sib txawv nyob ib ncig ntawm chiral carbon atom. Cov no yog hu ua L- thiab D- cov ntawv, zoo ib yam rau sab laug thiab sab xis teeb tsa. Cov ntawv L- thiab D- cov ntawv no tau hais tias yog qhov ua haujlwm kho qhov muag thiab tig lub dav hlau polarized lub teeb hauv qhov sib txawv; clockwise los yog anticlockwise. Yog hais tias lub teeb rotates lysine anticlockwise, ces lub teeb qhia levorotation, thiab nws yog hu ua L-lysine. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo sau tseg ntawm no tias D- thiab L- labeling ntawm isomers tsis zoo ib yam li d- thiab l- labeling.
Lysine yog dab tsi?
Lysine yog ib qho tseem ceeb amino acid uas tsis yog tsim los ntawm peb lub cev thiab yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm kev noj zaub mov tsis tu ncua. Yog li, lysine yog ib qho tseem ceeb amino acid rau tib neeg. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov organic compound uas muaj amine (-NH 2) thiab carboxylic acid (-COOH) cov pab pawg ua haujlwm nrog cov tshuaj formula NH 2- (CH2)4-CH(NH2)-COOH. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm lysine yog carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, thiab nitrogen. Hauv biochemistry, amino acids muaj ob qho tib si amine thiab carboxylic acid pawg txuas nrog thawj (alpha-) carbon atom hu ua α-amino acids. Yog li lysine kuj tseem suav tias yog α-amino acids. Cov qauv ntawm lysine yog muab nyob rau hauv daim duab 1.
Daim duab 1: Cov qauv molecular ntawm Lysine (carbon atom yog chiral lossis asymmetric carbon atom thiab kuj sawv cev rau alpha- carbon atom)
Lysine yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv qhov xwm txheej vim nws muaj ob pawg amino hauv paus thiab ib pawg acidic carboxylic acid. Vim li no, nws kuj tsim cov hydrogen txuas ntxiv vim muaj ob pawg amino pawg. Qhov zoo ntawm lysine yog cov tsiaj muaj protein ntau xws li qe, nqaij liab, yaj, nqaij npuas, thiab nqaij qaib, cheese, thiab qee cov ntses (xws li cod thiab sardines). Lysine kuj tseem muaj cov protein ntau xws li kua, taum, thiab peas. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho txwv amino acid nyob rau hauv feem ntau cereal nplej tab sis muaj ntau nyob rau hauv feem ntau pulses thiab legumes.
YL-lysine yog dab tsi?
Lysine muaj plaub pawg sib txawv nyob ib ncig ntawm 2nd carbon, thiab nws yog asymmetric qauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, lysine yog optically active amino acid vim muaj cov asymmetric lossis chiral carbon atom. Yog li, lysine tuaj yeem tsim cov stereoisomers uas yog isomeric molecules uas muaj tib lub qauv molecular, tab sis txawv ntawm peb-dimensional orientations ntawm lawv cov atoms hauv qhov chaw. Enantiomers yog ob lub stereoisomers uas muaj feem xyuam rau ib leeg los ntawm kev xav lossis lawv yog cov duab iav ntawm ib leeg uas tsis yog superimposable. Lysine muaj nyob rau hauv ob daim ntawv enantiomeric hu ua L- thiab D- thiab cov enantiomers ntawm lysine tau muab rau hauv daim duab 2.
Daim duab 2: Enantiomers ntawm lysine amino acid. Cov pab pawg COOH, H, R thiab NH2 yog teem ib ncig ntawm C atom nyob rau hauv ib tug clockwise yam, lub enantiomer hu ua L- daim ntawv thiab D-form txwv tsis pub. L- thiab D- tsuas yog xa mus rau qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov pa roj carbon atom thiab tsis xa mus rau kev ua haujlwm kho qhov muag. Thaum lub L- thiab D- cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug chiral molecule tig lub dav hlau ntawm polarized lub teeb nyob rau hauv sib txawv cov lus qhia, ib co L-forms (los yog D-forms) tig lub teeb mus rau sab laug (levo los yog l-form) thiab ib co mus rau sab xis (dextro lossis d-form). l- thiab d- cov ntawv hu ua optical isomers.
L-lysine thiab D-lysine yog enantiomers ntawm ib leeg muaj tib lub cev, tshwj tsis yog rau cov kev taw qhia uas lawv tig lub teeb polarized. Lawv muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm daim iav duab uas tsis yog superimposable. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov nomenclature ntawm D thiab L tsis muaj nyob rau hauv cov amino acids xws li lysine. Lawv tig lub dav hlau-polarized lub teeb nyob rau hauv tib lub magnitude tab sis nyob rau hauv txawv kev taw qhia. Lub D thiab L-isomer ntawm lysine uas tig lub dav hlau polarized lub teeb nyob rau hauv lub clockwise kev taw qhia yog hu ua dextrorotatory los yog d-lysine thiab ib tug uas tig lub dav hlau polarized lub teeb nyob rau hauv lub anticlockwise kev taw qhia yog hu ua laevorotatory los yog L-lysine (Daim duab 2.).
L-Lysine yog daim ntawv ruaj khov tshaj plaws ntawm lysine. D-Lysine yog ib hom hluavtaws ntawm lysine thiab tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm l-lysine los ntawm racemization. Nws yog siv rau hauv kev ua ntawm poly-d-lysine, uas yog siv los ua cov khoom siv los txhim kho cov xov tooj ntawm tes. L-Lysine ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tib neeg lub cev, hauv kev nqus calcium, kev loj hlob ntawm cov leeg nqaij, thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj hormones, enzymes, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Industrially, L-lysine yog tsim los ntawm microbial fermentation txheej txheem siv Corynebacterium glutamicum.
Lysine thiab L-lysine txawv li cas?
Lysine thiab L-lysine muaj tib lub cev lub cev, tshwj tsis yog rau cov kev taw qhia uas lawv tig lub teeb polarized. Yog li ntawd, L-lysine tej zaum yuav muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob lom thiab ua haujlwm zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb tsawg heev tau ua tiav txhawm rau txhawm rau paub qhov txawv ntawm cov teebmeem lom neeg thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm. Qee qhov sib txawv no yuav suav nrog, Siab
L-lysine: L-cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov amino acids zoo li tsis qab.
D-lysine: D-cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov amino acids nyiam saj qab zib.
Yog li ntawd l-lysine yuav tsawg dua / tsis qab zib dua li lysine.
Abundance
L-lysine: l-cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov amino acid suav nrog l-lysine yog daim ntawv ntau tshaj plaws hauv qhov xwm txheej. Piv txwv li, cuaj ntawm kaum cuaj L-amino acids uas feem ntau pom hauv cov proteins yog dextrorotatory thiab tus so yog levorotatory.
D-lysine: Cov D-cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov amino acids uas tau soj ntsuam pom tau tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj.
