OpenVPN vs PPTP
Qhov txawv ntawm OpenVPN thiab PPTP yog qhov tseem ceeb heev kom paub cov ncauj lus thaum nws los txog rau Virtual Private Networks. Virtual Private Networks (VPN) yog ib qho txheej txheem uas siv los nthuav dav lub network ntiag tug tshaj li pej xeem network xws li Internet. Ntau cov txheej txheem tau siv los tsim VPN thiab ob qho tib si OpenVPN thiab PPTP yog cov txheej txheem zoo li no. PPTP, uas sawv cev rau Point to Point Tunneling Protocol, tau qhia los ntawm Microsoft thiab muaj nyob rau thaum ntxov ntawm Windows 95. OpenVPN, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog qhov qhib qhov software daws teeb meem uas tau qhia hauv 2001. Ob PPTP thiab OpenVPN yog muaj nyob thoob plaws ntau lub platforms los ntawm PCs mus rau routers ntawm feem ntau siv operating systems, tab sis ob leeg muaj nws tus kheej zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.
OpenVPN yog dab tsi?
OpenVPN yog software uas tuaj yeem siv los tsim Virtual Private Networks (VPN). Qhov kev siv yog qhib qhov chaw thiab nws raug tso tawm raws li GNU GPL daim ntawv tso cai. Thawj version tau tso tawm rov qab rau xyoo 2001 thiab tam sim no nws tau tsim muaj peev xwm zoo. Cov software tau txais kev txhawb nqa thoob plaws ntau lub platform xws li Windows, Linux, Mac OS X thiab txawm tias FreeBSD. Tsis yog ntawm tus kheej lub khoos phis tawj thiab cov neeg rau zaub mov nkaus xwb tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov khoom siv hauv embedded khiav firmware xws li qhib-WRT, DD-WRT thiab txiv lws suav OpenVPN tau txais kev txhawb nqa. Niaj hnub no, muaj kev siv rau mobile platforms xws li iOS thiab Android ib yam nkaus. Daim ntawv thov sib raug rau cov neeg siv khoom server architecture uas ib qho tau teeb tsa ua tus neeg rau zaub mov thiab ib lossis ob peb tau teeb tsa raws li cov neeg siv los txuas rau OpenVPN server. Txawm tias routers tuaj yeem teeb tsa raws li cov neeg siv khoom lossis cov servers.
Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm OpenVPN yog nws qhov kev ruaj ntseg siab. Nws siv OpenSSL lub tsev qiv ntawv los muab cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb xws li kev nkag mus thiab kev lees paub thaum tso cai rau ntau lub cryptographic algorithms xws li AES, triple DES, RC5 thiab Blowfish. Lwm qhov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb yog lub peev xwm nws tau ua haujlwm los ntawm NAT (Network Address Translation) thiab cov npe servers thaum nws tseem muaj peev xwm hla dhau firewalls. Kev pabcuam ua haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj 1194 tab sis tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm tus neeg siv yog tias tsim nyog. Ob leeg TCP thiab UDP tau txais kev txhawb nqa raws li cov txheej txheem thauj khoom thiab yog tias tsim nyog hauv Internet Protocol version 6 kuj tau txais kev txhawb nqa. Yog tias xav tau, LZO compression tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kwj deg. Tam sim no, qhov no yog qhov siv dav tshaj plaws VPN siv ob qho tib si ntawm cov khoos phis tawj nrog rau cov khoom siv kos.
PPTP yog dab tsi?
Point to Point Tunneling Protocol kuj yog ib txoj hauv kev uas tuaj yeem siv los tsim VPN. Cov txheej txheem no tau luam tawm los ntawm ib lub koom haum ntawm Microsoft thiab thaum xub thawj nws tau siv los tsim VPN hla lub qhov rais dial up networks. Tus txheej txheem nws tus kheej tsis txhais cov txheej txheem encryption thiab authentication tab sis hloov qhov kev ruaj ntseg nyob ntawm qhov tunneling ntawm taw tes rau taw tes raws tu qauv. Microsoft siv MPPE (Microsoft Point to Point Encryption Protocol) hauv MS-CHAP (Microsoft Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol) los muab kev ruaj ntseg. Ntau lub platforms suav nrog windows muaj peev xwm PPTP inbuilt rau hauv lub kaw lus cia cov neeg siv kev pabcuam nrog kev siv zog tsawg rau kev teeb tsa tsuas yog siv tus neeg siv lub npe, lo lus zais thiab lub npe server. Los ntawm Windows 95 Windows muaj inbuilt kev txhawb nqa rau PPTP. Sib nrug ntawm qhov rais, kev khiav hauj lwm systems xws li Linux, Android, FreeBSD, OS X thiab iOS kuj muaj built-in kev txhawb nqa rau PPTP.
Qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws hauv PPTP yog qhov muaj teeb meem kev nyab xeeb uas nws muaj ntau qhov tsis zoo. Kev sib txuas PPTP yog pib los ntawm kev sib txuas lus ntawm TCP chaw nres nkoj 1723 thiab tom qab ntawd tsim GRE (General Routing Encapsulation) qhov. Yog li los ntawm kev cuam tshuam GRE tsheb PPTP kev sib txuas tuaj yeem thaiv tau yooj yim.
Qhov txawv ntawm OpenVPN thiab PPTP yog dab tsi?
• PPTP yog cov txheej txheem uas siv los siv VPN thaum OpenVPN yog qhov qhib software daws teeb meem siv los siv VPN.
• PPTP tau qhia los ntawm Microsoft thaum OpenVPN tau sau los ntawm tus neeg hu ua James Yonan.
• MPPE thiab MS-CHAP yog siv los siv kev ruaj ntseg hauv PPTP. OpenVPN siv nws txoj kev ruaj ntseg raws li qhib SSL/TLS siv OpenSSL tsev qiv ntawv.
• Muaj qee qhov kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb loj hauv PPTP, tab sis OpenVPN tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo li no paub.
• PPTP kev them nyiaj yug yog inbuilt nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov mainstream kev khiav hauj lwm systems nrog rau lub qhov rais, Linux, thiab FreeBSD, Android, OS X thiab iOS, tab sis OpenVPN yuav tsum tau ntsia vim nws tsis yog inbuilt rau hauv lub OS. Txawm li cas los xij, OpenVPN kuj txhawb nqa tag nrho cov haujlwm saum toj no thaum nruab.
• PPTP yog qhov yooj yim rau kev teeb tsa raws li qhov xav tau tsuas yog lub npe siv, tus password thiab chaw nyob server. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm qhov tod tes, OpenVPN cuam tshuam nrog kev teeb tsa nyuaj me ntsis qhov twg qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau hloov kho thiab cov ntsuas yuav tsum tau teeb tsa.
• PPTP siv chaw nres nkoj 1723 thiab GRE raws tu qauv. OpenVPN siv chaw nres nkoj 1194 tab sis tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ib qho twg.
• PPTP tuaj yeem thaiv tau yooj yim los ntawm firewalls thaum OpenVPN tuaj yeem hla ntau qhov hluav taws xob los ntawm kev teeb tsa qhov chaw nres nkoj rau qee qhov chaw nres nkoj paub zoo li 443.
• OpenVPN ua haujlwm thoob plaws NAT thiab npe servers yooj yim dua PPTP.
• PPTP nrawm dua OpenVPN.
• OpenVPN yog qhov ntseeg tau ntawm kev sib txuas tsis ruaj khov dua li PPTP vim nws tuaj yeem rov qab tau yooj yim.
• OpenVPN tuaj yeem hloov kho thiab tau teeb tsa dav dav thoob plaws ntau qhov chaw raws li nyiam, tab sis PPTP tsis tuaj yeem teeb tsa ntau.
Summary:
OpenVPN vs PPTP
PPTP yog cov txheej txheem uas siv los siv VPN qhov twg nws tau qhia los ntawm Microsoft. OpenVPN yog qhov qhib software daws teeb meem uas siv SSL / TLS raws tu qauv thiab OpenSSL tsev qiv ntawv los siv kev ruaj ntseg. Qhov zoo ntawm PPTP yog qhov yooj yim rau kev teeb tsa thiab qhov muaj nyob hauv ntau lub tshuab ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj ntau yam kev ruaj ntseg tsis zoo, yog li nws tsis pom zoo rau cov xwm txheej uas xav tau kev ruaj ntseg siab. OpenVPN muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntau dua tab sis nws yuav tsum tau teeb tsa ua software thib peb thiab kev teeb tsa nyuaj me ntsis, tab sis nws ntseeg tau txawm tias ntawm kev sib txuas tsis ruaj khov.
