YHydration vs Hydrolysis
Hydration thiab hydrolysis yog ob nqe lus uas tau ntsib hauv cov tshuaj kho mob thiab biochemistry feem. Txawm hais tias lawv suab zoo ib yam thiab muaj feem xyuam nrog dej raws li lo lus "hydro" qhia, cov txheej txheem sib txawv heev.
Hydration
Hydration yog lo lus kho mob rau kev haus dej. Qhov no tej zaum yuav haus dej los yog intra-venous kua input. Kev ywg dej yog qhov tseem ceeb heev vim tias tag nrho cov tshuaj lom neeg tshwm sim hauv cov dej nruab nrab. Thaum cov dej hauv lub cev qis vim yog vim li cas nws hu ua lub cev qhuav dej. Kev poob dej hauv lub cev tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim qhov poob dej raws li vapor, tso zis thiab raws plab. Lub qhov ncauj qhuav, tsis muaj kua muag, tsis muaj salivation, qhov muag sunken, txo cov tawv nqaij elasticity, tso zis tso zis tsawg, tsis tshua muaj ntshav siab thiab cov nyiaj them rov qab ntawm lub plawv dhia yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev qhuav dej. Tawm ntawm cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob, thawj ob peb yog thawj zaug tshwm sim; cov no qhia me ntsis lub cev qhuav dej. Tsawg daim tawv nqaij turgor thiab cov zis tso zis tsawg qhia tau tias cov kua dej poob qis. Ntshav siab qis thiab lub plawv dhia siab qhia tias lub cev qhuav dej hnyav heev. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev qhuav dej hauv cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem hloov maj mam. Listlessness, lethargy, ntau heev quaj, sunken ob lub qhov muag, sunken fontanelle tej zaum yuav tshwm sim, ntxiv rau lwm yam nta.
Raws li qhov hnyav ntawm lub cev qhuav dej, kev hloov cov kua hauv qhov ncauj lossis cov kua dej hauv cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem siv los kho cov dej tsis txaus. Cov dej haus yog txaus los ntxiv cov dej uas ploj lawm nyob rau hauv me me mus rau nruab nrab lub cev qhuav dej. Lub cev qhuav dej hnyav cuam tshuam nrog cov teeb meem yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov kua dej hauv cov hlab ntsha xws li 0.9% sodium chloride, tshuaj Hartmann thiab Ringer's Lactate tov. Qhov ncauj rehydration ntsev yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pab tau nyob rau hauv kev kho mob electrolyte poob nyob rau hauv dej raws plab. Muaj ib qho hyper-hydration ib yam nkaus, uas nyob rau lwm qhov kawg ntawm spectrum. Kev noj cov kua dej ntau dhau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev noj cov tshuaj intravenous, tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua hauv lub ntsws, peritoneum thiab cov chaw nyob. Kev sau cov kua hauv lub ntsws yog hu ua pulmonary edema. Kev sau cov kua hauv lub peritoneum yog hu ua ascites. Qhov xwm txheej no xav tau kev poob dej kom coj cov dej sib npaug rov qab mus rau qhov qub. Diuretics tuaj yeem siv los ntxuav cov dej tawm ntawm lub cev los ntawm lub raum, raws li cov zis. Cov qib electrolyte yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thaum lub sij hawm kho diuretic.
Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis yog tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov twg cov dej molecule yog nchuav, thiab cov ions tshwm sim yog siv los txhawm rau covalent daim ntawv cog lus. Qhov no yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwm sim yog lub cev feem ntau. Hydrolysis yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas pab txhawb lub cev lub zog khw muag khoom, txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov protein, lipids thiab carbohydrates. Hydrolysis yog ib qho laj thawj rau cov tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg tshwm sim hauv cov dej nruab nrab. Dej muaj ob lub atom hydrogen thiab ib qho oxygen atom. Cov kev sib txuas ntawm cov no muaj zog heev, thiab ntau lub zog xav tau los faib cov dej molecule rau hauv hydrogen cation thiab hydroxide anion. Qhov kev xav tau lub zog siab no yog hla los ntawm qhov muaj cov enzymes hauv lub cev. Glycogen tawg yog ib qho piv txwv zoo rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydrolytic pab los ntawm ib qho enzyme. Hydrolysis ntawm daim ntawv cog lus ntawm hexose qab zib hauv glycogen tso cov suab thaj rau hauv cov ntshav.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm Dej thiab Hydrolysis?
• Dej yog dej kom tsawg thaum hydrolysis yog kev tawg ntawm txoj kev sib khi los ntawm kev faib cov dej molecule.
