COPD vs Emphysema
Emphysema yog ib feem ntawm Kab Mob Hlwb Pulmonary (COPD). Yuav muaj emphysema yam tsis muaj COPD tab sis tsis yog lwm txoj hauv kev. Kab lus no yuav tham txog cov kab mob no kom ntxaws, qhia txog lawv qhov chaw kho mob, cov tsos mob, ua rau, kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev kuaj mob, kev kuaj mob, thiab kev kho mob / kev tswj xyuas lawv xav tau.
Tus Kab Mob Hlwb Obstructive Pulmonary (COPD)
Tus kab mob ntsws ntsws ntev (COPD) muaj ob lub chaw kho mob zoo sib xws; bronchitis ntev (ntev ntev o ntawm cov hlab ntsws loj uas tshwm sim los ntawm hnoos thiab hnoos qeev feem ntau hnub ntawm 3 lub hlis ntawm ob xyoos sib law liag) thiab emphysema (poob elastic recoil ntawm lub ntsws thiab, histologically, nthuav dav ntawm txoj hlab pa me dua li qhov kawg ntawm bronchioles thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm phab ntsa. alveoli). Cov neeg mob yuav muaj mob hawb pob lossis COPD tab sis tsis yog ob qho tib si. (Nyeem ntxiv: Qhov txawv ntawm COPD thiab Asthma). Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 35 xyoos, muaj keeb kwm ntawm kev haus luam yeeb, ua kom muaj cov hnoos qeev ntev, hnoos, ua tsis taus pa tsis muaj qhov txawv txav txhua hnub, COPD yuav zoo li. NICE (National Institute for He althcare Excellence) pom zoo lub npe COPD.
Kev haus luam yeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev pheej hmoo rau COPD. Txoj kev nyiam tsim COPD nce nrog tus naj npawb ntawm cov luam yeeb haus luam yeeb thiab txhua tus neeg haus luam yeeb tau txais COPD. Cov tib neeg uas ua haujlwm hauv cov mines kub, thee mines, cov nroj tsuag textile, kuj tuaj yeem tau txais COPD vim yog cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab plua plav uas ua rau lub xeev siab ntawm cov pa tawm. Zoo ib yam li cov pa luam yeeb cov molecules no ua rau kom cov pa tawm hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab ua rau cov hlab ntsha txhaws. Tseem muaj tsev neeg txoj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm COPD ib yam nkaus. Qee lub tsev kawm ntawv xav tias COPD muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob autoimmune, thiab. Lawv theorize tias yog vim li cas rau COPD zuj zus txawm tias tom qab kev haus luam yeeb tsis tu ncua yog vim qhov mob txuas ntxiv vim yog kev ua txhaum ntawm tus kheej ua siab ntev.
Ua tsis taus pa, ua kom muaj zog rau nqus tau thiab nqus pa, siv cov leeg nqaij ntawm kev ua pa, ua kom lub ntsej muag zoo li lub hauv siab, exhalation los ntawm daim di ncauj, ntev exhalation, hnoos, thiab hnoos qeev ntau lawm yog cov tsos mob ntawm COPD. Pink puffers thiab xiav bloaters yog cov npe tau tsim los txheeb xyuas ob qhov kawg ntawm cov neeg mob COPD. Pink puffers muaj qhov cua zoo ntawm alveoli, nyob ze cov pa oxygen siab thiab qis / qis carbon dioxide siab hauv cov ntshav. Lawv tsis cyanosed (xiav discoloration ntawm daim di ncauj). Blue bloaters muaj qhov cua tsis zoo ntawm alveoli thiab qis oxygen siab hauv cov ntshav. Lawv tuaj yeem tsim lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm vim yog COPD (lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm yuav ua rau lub cev o).
COPD yog kab mob ntsws, tab sis nws tsis cuam tshuam rau lub ntsws xwb. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav vim huab cua txias, haus luam yeeb, kis kab mob thiab ua xua. Qhov no yog hu ua mob exacerbation. Kev loj hlob ntawm cov pa me me tuaj yeem nce mus rau theem uas cov khoom ntim me me ntawm huab cua (bullae) daim ntawv. Cov bullae no tuaj yeem tawg, thiab cua nkag mus rau qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub ntsws thiab lub hauv siab phab ntsa (pneumothorax). Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau mob ntsws cancer. Yog li, COPD thiab mob ntsws cancer tuaj yeem nyob ua ke. Vim muaj cov pa oxygen hauv cov ntshav ntev ntev, cov pob txha pob txha tsim ntau hemoglobin (oxygen transporter hauv cov ntshav) kom ntseeg tau tias cov pa oxygen mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg. Qhov no yog hu ua polycythemia. Hauv polycythemia hnyav, ntshav yuav tsum tau muab rho tawm kom txo qis ua pa. Vim yog kev raug mob ntev mus rau lub ntsws cov ntaub so ntswg, ntshav siab nyob rau hauv lub ntsws hlab ntsha (siab pulmonary pressures) nce. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab ntawm txoj cai ventricle thiab atrium ntawm lub plawv. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm tuaj yeem tshwm sim (cor pulmonale).
Tsis muaj kev kho rau COPD txawm tias nws tswj tau. Cov mob hnyav heev raug kho ntawm cov chaw kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev nrog bronchodilators, steroids thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov tshuaj uas ua rau lub ntsws (inhalable) yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev kho mob. Salbutamol, terbutalin, salmetrol, ipratropium yog qee yam tshuaj siv. Cov tshuaj steroids txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlab cua mus rau nqus cov pa phem xws li cov pa luam yeeb. Qhov no yuav txo tau cov hlab ntsha secretions. Beclomethasone thiab hydrocortisone yog ob hom tshuaj steroids siv. Oxygen tau muab nrog kev saib xyuas hauv COPD. Vim tias qhov ntev ntawm cov pa oxygen nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, cov tshuaj sensors hauv lub hlwb ua rau lub ntsws tsis tu ncua vim nws hnov qhov qis. Thaum cov pa oxygen txaus siab tau muab los ntawm lub npog ntsej muag, cov ntshav cov pa oxygen nce, thiab lub teeb liab qhia lub hlwb kom ua pa ntxiv yuav nres tam sim ntawd ua rau ua pa nres. Yog li ntawd, oxygen saturation yog khaws cia nyob rau hauv qis 90s.
Emphysema
Emphysema yog qhov poob ntawm elastic recoil ntawm lub ntsws thiab, histologically, ib qho loj ntawm cov pa me dua li cov bronchioles ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm phab ntsa ntawm alveoli. Kev haus luam yeeb, nqus pa ntawm cov pa phem thiab qee yam kev mob tshwm sim xws li cov kab mob sib txuas ua rau txo qis elastic ntawm lub ntsws.
Qhov txawv ntawm Emphysema thiab COPD yog dab tsi?
Emphysema tsuas yog poob ntawm lub ntsws elastic ntawm lub ntsws thaum COPD poob ntawm qhov rov qab ua ke nrog cov hlab ntsws o.
Keem nyeem Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Tus Mob Hlwb Mob Hlwb thiab Emphysema
Nyeem ntxiv:
1. Qhov txawv ntawm Obstructive thiab Restrictive Lung Disease
2. Qhov txawv ntawm Asthma thiab Bronchitis
3. Qhov txawv ntawm Bronchial Asthma thiab Cardiac Asthma
