Qhov txawv ntawm Phenyl thiab Benzyl

2024 Tus sau: Alex Aldridge | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 13:40

YPhenyl vs Benzyl

Ob leeg phenyl thiab benzyl yog muab los ntawm benzene, thiab feem ntau tsis meej pem los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm chemistry. Phenyl yog hydrocarbon molecule nrog cov mis C_6H5_{, whereas benzyl yog C}6_{H 5}CH₂; ib qho ntxiv CH₂ pawg txuas rau lub nplhaib benzene.

Phenyl

Phenyl yog ib qho hydrocarbon molecule nrog cov mis C₆H₅ Qhov no yog muab los ntawm benzene, yog li ntawd, muaj cov khoom zoo sib xws li benzene. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no txawv ntawm benzene vim tsis muaj hydrogen atom hauv ib cov pa roj carbon. Yog li qhov hnyav molecular ntawm phenyl yog 77 g mol^-1 Phenyl yog luv raws li Ph. R pab pawg raws li hauv daim duab). Cov pa roj carbon atoms ntawm phenyl yog sp2 hybridized zoo li hauv benzene. Tag nrho cov carbons tuaj yeem tsim peb daim ntawv cog lus. Ob lub sigma daim ntawv cog lus yog tsim nrog ob cov pa roj carbon uas nyob ib sab, yog li ntawd nws yuav ua rau lub nplhaib qauv. Lwm daim ntawv cog lus sigma yog tsim nrog hydrogen atom. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv ib qho carbon, nyob rau hauv lub nplhaib, qhov thib peb sigma daim ntawv cog lus yog tsim nrog lwm atom los yog molecule es tsis yog ib tug hydrogen atom. Cov electrons nyob rau hauv p orbitals sib tshooj nrog ib leeg los tsim lub delocalized electron huab. Yog li, phenyl muaj qhov zoo sib xws C-C daim ntawv cog lus ntev ntawm txhua cov pa roj carbon monoxide, tsis hais txog kev sib hloov ib qho thiab ob daim ntawv cog lus. Qhov C-C daim ntawv cog lus ntev yog li 1.4 Å. Lub nplhaib yog planar thiab muaj 120 ° lub kaum sab xis ntawm daim ntawv cog lus nyob ib ncig ntawm cov pa roj carbon. Vim yog pab pawg neeg hloov pauv ntawm phenyl, polarity thiab lwm yam tshuaj los yog lub cev hloov pauv. Yog tias tus neeg hloov pauv hloov pauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau lub delocalized electron huab ntawm lub nplhaib, cov npe hu ua electron pub dawb pawg (piv txwv li -OCH₃, NH₂). Yog tias qhov hloov pauv nyiam cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm huab cua hluav taws xob, nws yog lub npe hu ua electron thim rov qab. (e.g. -NO_{2, -COOH). Phenyl pawg yog ruaj khov vim lawv cov aromaticity, yog li lawv tsis yooj yim undergo oxidation los yog txo. Ntxiv mus, lawv yog hydrophobic thiab tsis-polar.}

Benzyl

Cov mis ntawm benzyl yog C₆H₅CH₂ Qhov no kuj yog ib qho derivative ntawm benzene. Piv rau phenyl, benzyl muaj CH₂ pawg txuas nrog lub nplhaib benzene. Lwm qhov molecular (R pawg raws li tau piav qhia hauv daim duab) tuaj yeem txuas rau benzyl pawg ntawm kev sib txuas rau CH ₂carbon atom. Benzyl pawg yog luv ua "Bn". Qhov hnyav molecular ntawm benzyl pawg yog 91 g mol^-1 Txij li thaum muaj lub nplhaib benzene, benzyl pawg yog aromatic. Nyob rau hauv cov organic chemistry mechanisms, Benzyl pawg tuaj yeem tsim los ua ib qho radical, carbocation (C₆H₅CH2. ₊) lossis carboanion (C⁶H₅CH₂ –_{). Piv txwv li, hauv kev hloov pauv nucleophilic, benzylic radical lossis cation intermediate yog tsim. Muaj kev ruaj khov dua ntawm cov nruab nrab no piv rau alkyl radical lossis cation. Lub reactivity ntawm benzylic txoj hauj lwm zoo ib yam li txoj hauj lwm allylic. Cov pab pawg Benzyl feem ntau yog siv hauv cov organic chemistry ua pab pawg tiv thaiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los tiv thaiv carboxylic acid lossis cawv ua haujlwm.}

Qhov txawv ntawm Phenyl thiab Benzyl yog dab tsi?

• Molecular formula ntawm phenyl yog C₆H₅ whereas, hauv benzyl, nws yog C _{6 H}5_CH2.

• Benzyl muaj ntxiv CH_{2 pawg piv rau phenyl.}

• Hauv phenyl, lub nplhaib benzene txuas ncaj qha mus rau ib qho kev hloov pauv lossis lub atom, tab sis hauv benzyl, pawg CH _{2ua rau kev sib txuas nrog lwm cov molecule lossis ib lub atom..}