YAntibiotics vs Antibacterial
Tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab tshuaj tua kab mob yog ntau yam tshuaj siv los tua kab mob los ntawm cov kab mob, fungi, thiab kab mob. Qee lub hauv paus chiv keeb los ntawm ntuj thiab siv los ua cov khoom siv ntuj tsim. Ib txhia yog redeveloped los yog hloov kho los yog tag nrho cov synthetic chemists. Thaum peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kab mob, cov tshuaj no pab ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm zoo.
Tshuaj tua kab mob
Lo lus "cov tshuaj tua kab mob" yog tsim los ntawm "tiv thaiv" uas txhais tau tias " tawm tsam" thiab "bio" uas txhais tau tias "lub neej" hauv Greek. Raws li cov lus txhais los ntawm Selman Waksman et al hauv xyoo 1942, tshuaj tua kab mob yog "cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lwm cov kab mob hauv kev loj hlob hauv siab dilution". Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog siv los tiv thaiv cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob, los tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov no muaj peev xwm ua kom puas lossis ua kom cov kab mob / fungal loj hlob hauv peb lub cev. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog synthesized nyob rau hauv fungi, sib tw nrog cov kab mob nyob sib ze. Thawj cov tshuaj tua kab mob tau tshawb pom yog penicillin los ntawm Alexander Fleming. Nws yog ib qho zais ntawm cov kab mob Penicillium.
Thaum lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob los yog fungal tawm tsam lub cev tsis muaj zog thiab poob mob. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas txwv cov kab mob loj hlob yog hu ua bacteriostatic agents. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob, uas tua cov kab mob hauv lub cev, hu ua bacteriocidal agents. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov kab mob. Yog li ntawd, thaum muaj kab mob tshwm sim nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias qhov ua rau; Yog tias nws tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob, muab tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.
Raws li tau hais hauv kev qhia txog tshuaj tua kab mob tau pib muab rho tawm los ntawm qhov chaw ntuj. Tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj tua kab mob semi-synthetic los ua tus qauv. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob beta-lactam yog ib pab pawg. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob xws li sulfonamides, quinolones, thiab oxazolidinones yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua kom tiav. Cov koob tshuaj thiab lub sijhawm ntawm kev noj tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom raug. Kev rho tawm los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob thaum cov tsos mob pib ploj mus yuav tsum tsis txhob txhawb nqa. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau kho tus kab mob thib ob ntawm tib hom kab mob.
YAntibacterial
Ntawm cov pab pawg tshuaj tua kab mob muaj, cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog pab pawg tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Feem ntau cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog tsim los ntawm cov kab mob fungi. Tsis yog tag nrho cov kab mob no muaj teeb meem thiab pathogenic. Muaj ntau hom kab mob uas nyob hauv thiab sab nraum lub cev. Ntau cov kab mob pathogenic ua rau ntau yam kab mob rau tib neeg thiab lwm yam tsiaj. Cov kab mob muaj feem xyuam rau cov kab mob xws li mob syphilis, tuberculosis, meningitis, cholera thiab lwm yam.
Ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob yog cais los ntawm cov kab mob. Ntawm lawv cov tshuaj penicillin xws li amoxicillin thiab coxacillin tau siv ntau zaus. Streptomycin yog muab rho tawm los ntawm ib tug fungus thiab siv tawm tsam streptococcus kab mob ua rau strep caj pas. Cephalosporins, carbapenems, aminoglycosides yog lwm cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas nquag sau. Zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj tua kab mob tshuaj tua kab mob kuj tau muab faib rau cov khoom ntuj tsim, hluavtaws thiab semi-synthetic. Ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj xws li sulfonamides yog nrov. Cov no feem ntau yog cov molecules me me nrog qhov hnyav molecular. Qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob muaj qhov dav dav uas tuaj yeem siv rau ntau yam kab mob. Qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog tshwj xeeb rau cov kab mob tshwj xeeb.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm Tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob?
• Tshuaj tua kab mob yog siv tawm tsam cov kab mob thiab cov fungi, tab sis cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsuas yog siv tawm tsam cov kab mob xwb.
• Tshuaj tua kab mob yog ib chav loj ntawm cov tshuaj uas cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog ib pawg loj.
