Qhov txawv ntawm Butane thiab Isobutane

2024 Tus sau: Alex Aldridge | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 13:40

YButane vs Isobutane

Organic molecules yog cov molecules muaj cov carbons. Hydrocarbons yog cov organic molecules, uas muaj tsuas yog carbon thiab hydrogen atoms. Hydrocarbons tuaj yeem ua rau aromatic lossis aliphatic. Lawv feem ntau muab faib ua ob peb hom xws li alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, cycloalkanes thiab aromatic hydrocarbons. Hexane thiab n-hexane yog alkanes lossis lwm yam, hu ua saturated hydrocarbons. Lawv muaj ntau tshaj plaws ntawm hydrogen atoms, uas ib tug molecule yuav haum. Txhua daim ntawv cog lus ntawm carbon atoms thiab hydrogens yog ib daim ntawv cog lus. Vim li ntawd, kev sib hloov ntawm daim ntawv cog lus raug tso cai ntawm ib qho atoms. Lawv yog hom yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbons muaj cov qauv dav dav ntawm C_nH_{2n+2 Cov xwm txheej no txawv me ntsis rau cycloalkanes vim lawv muaj cov qauv cyclic.}

YButane

Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, butane hydrocarbon yog saturated alkane. Nws muaj plaub carbon atoms; Yog li, muaj cov qauv molecular ntawm C₄H₁₀ Molar mass ntawm butane yog 58.12 g mol^{−1 Melting point ntawm butane yog 133-139 K, thiab lub boiling point yog 272-274 K. Butane yog lub npe nrov siv los qhia tag nrho cov molecules nrog cov mis no. Muaj ob lub qauv isomers uas peb tuaj yeem kos kom phim cov qauv no tab sis, hauv IUPAC nomenclature, peb siv butane tshwj xeeb los qhia txog cov qauv tsis muaj zog, uas tseem hu ua n-butane. Nws muaj cov qauv hauv qab no.}

Lwm yam qauv isomer zoo li methylated molecule ntawm propane. Nws yog hu ua isobutane. Butane yog cov roj tsis muaj xim. Nws tuaj yeem yooj yim liquefied. Cov roj butane yog cov nplaim taws heev. Butane yog ib feem ntawm cov nkev ntuj, thiab nws yog tsim thaum roj av refined. Thaum ua tiav combustion, butane tsim carbon dioxide thiab dej. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tsis muaj cov pa oxygen txaus rau kev sib txuas, nws tsim cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab dej los ntawm kev sib tsoo ib nrab. Butane yog siv los ua roj. Thaum tsim cov roj LP, butane yog tov nrog propane thiab lwm yam hydrocarbons. Cov no yog siv los ua noj hauv tsev. Nws kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv lub teeb.

Isobutane

Isobutane yog cov qauv isomer ntawm butane. Nws muaj tib cov qauv molecular li butane, tab sis cov qauv qauv txawv. Nws tseem hu ua methylpropane. Nws muaj cov qauv hauv qab no.

Isobutane muaj tertiary carbon, thiab nws yog qhov yooj yim molecule nrog tertiary carbon. Isobutane yog cov roj tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj ntxhiab, pob tshab. Melting point ntawm isobutane yog 40-240 K, thiab lub boiling point yog 260-264 K. Nws yog tsuas yog siv raws li ib tug refrigerant. Daim ntawv ntshiab ntawm isobutane yog siv hauv tub yees. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv los ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov tshuaj aerosol.

YDab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Butane thiab Isobutane?

• Isobutane yog tus qauv isomer ntawm butane.

• Butane yog unbranched, thiab isobutane yog branched.

• Ob leeg muaj tib lub qauv molecular, tab sis cov qauv qauv txawv.

• Butane muaj plaub carbon atoms nyob rau hauv cov saw ncaj, whereas isobutane tsuas muaj peb carbon atoms nyob rau hauv txoj saw ncaj.

• Lub cev lub cev ntawm butane thiab isobutane sib txawv. Piv txwv li, lawv muaj qhov sib txawv melting point, boiling point, ntom, etc.

• Ntshiab isobutane yog siv los ua cov tub yees