Qhov txawv ntawm TNT thiab Dynamite

2024 Tus sau: Alex Aldridge | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 13:40

TNT vs Dynamite

TNT thiab dynamite yog cov khoom tawg, tab sis lawv yog cov tawg tawg tag nrog ob peb qhov zoo sib xws. Cov neeg feem ntau xav tias TNT thiab dynamite yog tib yam lossis dynamite muaj TNT, uas yog kev xav tsis zoo. Dynamite tau tsim los ntawm Alfred Nobel, thiab nws sai sai hloov cov hmoov phom.

TNT

TNT yog lub npe luv siv rau trinitrotoluene. Nws yog toluene molecule nrog peb nitro pawg hloov ntawm 2, 4 thiab 6 txoj haujlwm. Yog li tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, TNT yog 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene. Cov tshuaj formula ntawm no compound yog C₆H₂(NO₂)₃ CH_{3 thiab, nws muaj cov qauv hauv qab no.}

Nws molar mass yog 227.13 g / mol. TNT yog cov xim daj uas yog siv los ua cov xim daj. Lub melting point ntawm TNT yog 80.35 ° C, thiab ntawm 295 ° C, nws decomposes. TNT yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tawg zoo tshaj plaws. Thaum tsim TNT hauv qib kev lag luam, muaj peb txheej txheem koom nrog. Hauv thawj txheej txheem, toluene yog nitrated. Rau qhov no, kev sib xyaw ntawm sulfuric acid thiab nitric acid yog siv. Thaum cov pab pawg nitro txuas nrog, nws txuas hauv peb kauj ruam. Thawj mono nitrotoluene yog tsim thiab sib cais. Qhov no ces yog nitrated los tsim cov khoom dinitrotoluene. Hauv cov kauj ruam kawg, dinitrotoluene yog nitrated cais los tsim cov khoom TNT xav tau. Cov khoom tawg no yog siv los npaj cov foob pob thiab rau lwm yam kev siv tub rog. Siv TNT rau cov khoom tawg yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo vim nws ruaj khov piv rau lwm yam khoom tawg. TNT tuaj yeem siv rau cov khoom tawg, lossis nws yog tov nrog lwm cov tshuaj los npaj cov khoom tawg. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tawg ntawm TNT yog vim TNT decomposing thaum detonation. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog exothermic. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no muaj zog ua kom muaj zog; Yog li ntawd, lub denotation ntawm TNT yuav tsum tau pib nrog lub siab tshaj tawm pib. Thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, vim tias cov pa roj carbon ntau dhau, nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog ntau dua yog tias TNT sib xyaw nrog cov pa oxygen nplua nuj. TNT tsis yaj hauv dej lossis nqus dej, uas yuav pab tau thaum khaws cia. Tsis tas li ntawd, TNT kuj tseem siv los tsim cov nqi hloov cov ntsev.

Dynamite

Dynamite yog cov khoom tawg heev. Nws muaj nitroglycerin soaked nyob rau hauv ib yam khoom xws li av nplaum, ntoo pulp thiab lwm yam. Dynamite muaj peb yam, nitroglycerin, ib feem diatomaceous ntiaj teb, thiab ib tug me me admixture ntawm sodium carbonate. Qhov sib tov no yog muab qhwv rau hauv ib tug pas kom nws tau txais ib daim ntawv ntawm ib tug luv luv stick. Qhov no ua rau muaj zog heev thiab tawg yuav tshwm sim thaum detonation. Dynamite yog siv rau ntau lub hom phiaj xws li, ua rau tawg hauv mining, kev tsim kho kev lag luam, thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis siv rau kev ua tub rog vim qhov tsis ruaj khov. Dynamite yog qhov poob siab heev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws degrades thiab hloov mus rau hauv ntau cov ntaub ntawv tsis ruaj khov. Yog li ntawd, lawv dhau los ua qhov txaus ntshai heev rau kev siv thiab thauj.

Qhov txawv ntawm TNT thiab Dynamite yog dab tsi?

• TNT yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw uas dynamite yog sib xyaw.

• TNT yog trinitrotoluene thiab dynamite muaj nitroglycerin.

• TNT muaj 4.184 megajoules ib kilogram, thiab dynamite muaj 7.5 megajoules ib kilogram.

• TNT ruaj khov dua dynamite.

• TNT yog siv los ua tub rog, qhov dynamite tsis yog.