Ionization vs Disassociation
Ionization thiab disassociation yog ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas tau tham hauv qab chemistry ntawm atoms thiab molecules. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm ionization thiab disassociation ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv thaj chaw xws li tshuaj xyuas tshuaj, spectrometry, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv, thiab txawm nyob rau hauv kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev kho mob sciences. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj kev nkag siab zoo hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm ionization thiab disassociation thiaj li ua tau zoo hauv cov haujlwm no. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog dab tsi ionization thiab disassociation yog, lawv cov ntsiab lus, qhov zoo sib xws ntawm ionization thiab disassociation, kev siv ntawm ob thiab thaum kawg qhov txawv ntawm ionization thiab disassociation.
Ionization
Ionization tsuas yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov ion. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Ib qho molecule lossis atom tuaj yeem dhau los ua ib qho ion los ntawm kev tshem tawm ib qho hluav taws xob, los ntawm kev ntxiv ib qho hluav taws xob, tshem tawm ib qho ion lossis ntxiv ib qho ion. Cov nqi tsis zoo thiab qhov zoo ntawm ib qho ion tsis sib npaug. Yog tias cov nqi zoo ntawm ib qho ion ntau dua li cov nqi tsis zoo, cov ion yog Cation. Yog tias cov nqi tsis zoo muaj ntau dua li cov nqi zoo, cov ion yog Anion. Xav txog qhov nruab nrab atom. Txhawm rau tsim ib qho cation, sab nrauv feem ntau electron yuav tsum raug tshem tawm ntawm lub atom. Lub zog yuav tsum tau coj cov hluav taws xob no los ntawm lub orbital mus rau infinity yog hu ua lub zog ionization. Thawj tus qauv ionization zog tau txhais tias yog lub zog yam tsawg kawg nkaus uas yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob sab nraud los ntawm cov atom gaseous hauv nws lub xeev hauv av, ntsuas raws li cov txheej txheem. Cov txheej txheem rov qab ntawm ionization yog electron affinity uas ntxiv electrons rau hauv lub cev. Hauv kev nkag siab ntawm lo lus, ob qho tib si ionization thiab electron affinity yog ionizations, tab sis lawv tau txhais txawv rau qhov yooj yim ntawm kev xam hauv thermodynamics.
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb
Molecules feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ob lossis ntau dua ions. Cov kua ntsev muaj xws li Sodium cations thiab Chlorine anions. Thaum yaj hauv dej, cov molecule disassociates kom muab cov ions qub. Qee cov crystals yog tsim los ntawm crystallization ntawm ntau molecules. Qab zib yog ib qho piv txwv zoo rau xws li siv lead ua. Thaum xws li ib tug crystal yog yaj nyob rau hauv dej, lub molecules yog tso tawm rov qab. Qhov no kuj yog disassociation. Tshem tawm ib qho hluav taws xob los ntawm lub kaw lus tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev sib cais. Disassociation feem ntau hu ua kev sib tsoo ntawm cov molecules lossis ions. Thaum cov ntsev ntxiv rau hauv dej, ntsev tag nrho disassociates kom txog thaum cov tshuaj saturated. Thaum ib qho tsis muaj zog acid ntxiv nws tsuas yog ib feem cuam tshuam qhov sib npaug ntawm crating equilibrium. Cov kua qaub muaj zog xws li HCL yuav cuam tshuam tag nrho.
Qhov txawv ntawm Ionization thiab Disassociation yog dab tsi?
• Ionization ib txwm yuav tsum tau tshem tawm lossis ntxiv ib feem ionic rau cov khoom sib txuas, tab sis kev tsis sib haum xeeb tsis xav tau qhov ntawd.
• Ionization ntawm ib qho nruab nrab molecule ib txwm yields ob ions, uas yog opposite nyob rau hauv kos npe thiab sib npaug ntawm qhov loj, tab sis disassociation ntawm nruab nrab compounds yuav tsim nruab nrab molecules thiab ions zoo ib yam.
• Ionization tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev faib lossis sib txuas ob lossis ntau qhov sib txuas, tab sis kev sib cais tsuas yog tshwm sim raws li kev faib.
• Ionization tuaj yeem yog exothermic lossis endothermic, tab sis kev sib cais yog ib txwm endothermic.
