Qhov txawv ntawm Acid Ionization tas li thiab Base Ionization Constant

2024 Tus sau: Alex Aldridge | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 13:40

Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Acid Ionization Constant vs Base Ionization Constant

Acid ionization tas li (Ka, tseem hu ua acid dissociation tas li) muab qhov ntsuas ntau ntawm qhov sib npaug uas muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov kua qaub molecules thiab lawv cov ntawv ionized. Ib yam li ntawd, lub hauv paus ionization tsis tu ncua (Kb, lossis lub hauv paus dissociation tas li) muab qhov ntsuas ntau ntawm qhov sib npaug uas muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub hauv paus molecules thiab lawv cov ntawv ionized. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua qaub ionization tas li thiab lub hauv paus ionization tsis tu ncua yog tias cov kua qaub ionization tas li muab qhov ntsuas ntau ntawm lub zog ntawm cov kua qaub hauv cov tshuaj thaum lub hauv paus ionization tas li muab qhov ntsuas ntau ntawm lub zog ntawm lub hauv paus hauv kev daws teeb meem.

Ionization yog kev sib cais ntawm cov molecules rau hauv hom ionic (cations thiab anions). Qhov sib npaug tas li yog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov reactants thiab cov khoom uas nyob rau hauv equilibrium nrog ib leeg.

Acid Ionization Constant yog dab tsi?

Acid ionization tas li yog tus lej uas qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kua qaub molecules thiab hom ionic uas muaj nyob hauv tib cov tshuaj. Lub acid dissociation tas li yog denoted los ntawm Ka. Nws yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntau ntawm lub zog ntawm cov kua qaub hauv cov kua. Lub zog ntawm cov kua qaub nyob ntawm qhov ionization (lossis dissociation) ntawm cov kua qaub hauv cov kua dej aqueous.

Daim duab 01: Ib qho piv txwv rau Acid Ionization

Lub ionization ntawm cov kua qaub tuaj yeem muab tau raws li hauv qab no, HA + H₂O ↔ A^– + H₃O ⁺

Nyob rau hauv no, HA yog ib tug qaug zog acid uas dissociates ib feem rau hauv ions; anion yog lub npe hu ua conjugated puag ntawm cov kua qaub. Acid dissociation tso tawm proton (hydrogen ion; H⁺). Qhov no proton ua ke nrog cov dej molecule tsim ib hydronium ion (H ₃O^{+). Cov kua qaub ionization tas li ntawm HA acid tuaj yeem muab tau raws li hauv qab no,}

Ka=[A^–][H₃O⁺] / [HA] [H_2O]

PK^{_a yog pKa, uas yog tus nqi rho tawm ntawm Ka. Qhov ntawd yog vim qhov txiaj ntsig Ka yog qhov tseem ceeb me me thiab nyuaj rau kev tswj hwm. Lub pKa muab tus lej yooj yim uas yooj yim rau kev sib tham. Nws tuaj yeem muab tau raws li hauv qab no,}

pKa=-log(Ka)

Cov Ka lossis pKa qhov tseem ceeb tuaj yeem siv los qhia lub zog ntawm cov kua qaub.

• Cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog muaj qhov qis dua Ka thiab siab dua pKa qhov tseem ceeb
• Cov kua qaub muaj zog muaj cov txiaj ntsig Ka siab dua thiab qis dua pKa tus nqi.

Puas Ionization Constant yog dab tsi?

Base ionization tas li yog tus lej uas qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub hauv paus molecules thiab hom ionic muaj nyob hauv tib txoj kev daws teeb meem. Qhov no yog denoted los ntawm Kb. Nws ntsuas lub zog ntawm lub hauv paus hauv kev daws teeb meem. Siab dua Kb, siab dua qhov ionization ntawm lub hauv paus. Rau qee lub hauv paus hauv kev daws teeb meem, lub hauv paus dissociation tas li tuaj yeem muab tau raws li hauv qab no, B + H₂O ↔ BH⁺ + OH^–

Kb=[BH⁺][OH^–] / [B][H_{2 O]}

Vim tias Kb qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov hauv paus yog qhov tseem ceeb me me, qhov rho tawm tus nqi ntawm Kb yog siv los hloov Kb. Tus nqi rho tawm ntawm Kb yog qhia los ntawm pKb. pKb muab tus lej uas yooj yim lis.

pKb=-log(Kb)

Lub zog ntawm lub hauv paus tuaj yeem qhia los ntawm Kb qhov tseem ceeb lossis pKb qhov tseem ceeb raws li hauv qab no.

• Ntau dua tus nqi ntawm lub hauv paus ionization tas li, muaj zog lub hauv paus (qis pKb)
• Txo tus nqi ntawm lub hauv paus ionization tas li, qis dua lub hauv paus (pKb siab dua)

Qhov txawv ntawm Acid Ionization Constant thiab Base Ionization Constant yog dab tsi?

Acid Ionization Constant vs Base Ionization Constant
Acid ionization tas li yog tus lej uas qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kua qaub molecules thiab hom ionic uas muaj nyob hauv tib txoj kev daws teeb meem.	Base ionization tas li yog tus lej uas qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub hauv paus molecules thiab hom ionic uas muaj nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev daws teeb meem.
Tswv yim
Acid ionization tas li muab lub zog ntawm cov kua qaub.	Base ionization tas li muab lub zog ntawm lub hauv paus.
Log nqi
Tus nqi rho tawm ntawm Ka yog pKa.	Tus nqi rho tawm ntawm Kb yog pKb.
Tus nqi tas li
Cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog muaj qhov qis dua Ka qhov txiaj ntsig thiab cov txiaj ntsig pKa siab dua whereas Cov kua qaub muaj zog muaj cov txiaj ntsig Ka siab dua thiab qis dua pKa tus nqi.	Cov hauv paus tsis muaj zog muaj qhov qis dua Kb, thiab cov nqi pKb siab dua whereas Cov hauv paus muaj zog muaj qhov tseem ceeb dua Kb thiab qis dua pKb tus nqi.

Summary – Acid Ionization Constant vs Base Ionization Constant

Acid ionization tas li thiab lub hauv paus ionization tas li yog ntsuas ntawm cov kua qaub thiab lub hauv paus zog raws li. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kua qaub ionization tas li thiab lub hauv paus ionization tas li yog tias cov kua qaub ionization tas li muab qhov ntsuas ntau ntawm lub zog ntawm cov kua qaub hauv cov tshuaj tov whereas puag ionization tas li muab qhov ntsuas ntau ntawm lub zog ntawm lub hauv paus hauv kev daws teeb meem.