Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tawv tawv ib ntus thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov dej yog qhov tawv tawv ib ntus tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov dej kub npau npau, qhov tawv tawv tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm boiling.
Peb tuaj yeem txhais cov dej hardness raws li qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov concentration ntawm tag nrho cov divalent ions tam sim no hauv dej. Piv txwv ntawm ib co divalent ions tam sim no nyob rau hauv dej yog calcium ion, magnesium ions, thiab Fe2+ ion. Txawm li cas los xij, calcium thiab magnesium yog qhov feem ntau ntawm cov dej hardness. Chav tsev rau hardness yog ppm ib CaCO3 sib npaug. Muaj ob hom dej hardness: ib ntus thiab mus tas li hardness ntawm cov dej. Lub hardness ib ntus tshwm sim vim muaj cov calcium hydrogencarbonate thiab magnesium hydrogencarbonate thaum lub zog ruaj khov tshwm sim vim yog sulfates thiab chlorides ntawm magnesium thiab calcium.
Lub Sijhawm Hardness ntawm Dej yog dab tsi?
Ib ntus hardness tshwm sim vim muaj calcium hydrogencarbonate (Ca (HCO 3) 2) thiab magnesium hydrogencarbonate (Mg (HCO) 3)2). Ob hom decompose thaum rhuab thiab CaCO3 los yog MgCO3 nag xob nag cua tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, qhov tawv tawv ib ntus tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov dej npau npau.
Thaum cov zaub mov xws li calcium bicarbonate thiab magnesium bicarbonate yaj hauv dej, nws ua rau calcium thiab magnesium cations (Ca2+ thiab Mg2+) nrog rau carbonate thiab bicarbonate anions. Cov hlau ions tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov qauv dej ua rau lub hardness ntawm cov dej. Lwm yam tshaj li dej kub npau npau, peb tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov dej ib ntus los ntawm kev ntxiv cov txiv qaub (txiv qaub yog calcium hydroxide). Cov txheej txheem ntxiv no yog hu ua txiv qaub softening.
Dab tsi yog qhov tawv tawv ntawm dej?
Kev tawv tawv tas mus li yog vim sulfates thiab chlorides ntawm magnesium thiab calcium. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, dej mus tas li hardness tshwm sim thaum dej muaj calcium sulfate los yog calcium chloride thiab/los yog magnesium sulfate los yog magnesium chloride. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov nyuaj mus tas li yog qhov sib npaug ntawm cov calcium uas ruaj khov thiab cov magnesium ruaj khov.
Daim duab 01: Calcification vim dej tawv
Cov zaub mov no tsis tuaj yeem ua nag thaum cua sov. Yog li ntawd, mus tas li hardness tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm yooj yim los ntawm boiling. Peb tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov nyuaj ntawm cov dej mus tas li txawm tias siv cov tshuaj ntxuav dej los yog siv kab sib pauv ion.
Qhov txawv ntawm qhov dej ib ntus thiab qhov tawv tawv tas li yog dab tsi?
Ib ntus hardness tshwm sim vim muaj calcium hydrogen-carbonate (Ca (HCO 3) 2) thiab magnesium hydrogen-carbonate (Mg (HCO3)2). Lub hardness mus tas li yog vim sulfates thiab chlorides ntawm magnesium thiab calcium. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ib ntus thiab qhov tawv tawv ntawm cov dej mus tas li yog qhov nyuaj ntawm cov dej ib ntus tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov dej kub npau npau, qhov tawv tawv tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm boiling. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum siv lwm txoj hauv kev los tshem tawm cov tawv nqaij mus tas li, xws li kev ntxiv cov dej softener lossis siv cov kab sib pauv ion.
Cov lus qhia hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov nyuaj ib ntus thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov dej hauv daim ntawv.
Summary – Temporary vs Permanent Hardness of Water
dej tawv yog dej uas muaj cov ntxhia pob zeb ntau. Muaj ob hom ua ib ntus thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov dej. Cov dej tawv ua rau nag los ntawm xab npum los ntawm xab npum dej. Nws tsim cov deposits uas txhaws cov kav dej. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub cov txheej txheem tshem tawm ntawm dej hardness. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ib ntus thiab qhov tawv tawv ntawm cov dej tas mus li yog qhov tawv tawv ib ntus ntawm cov dej tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov dej kub npau npau, qhov tawv tawv tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm boiling.
