Gravitational Field vs Electric Field
hluav taws xob teb thiab gravitational teb yog ob lub ntsiab lus khi nrog cov qauv teb. Ob lub teb no yog cov qauv uas siv los piav qhia tus cwj pwm ntawm cov nqi, cov hlau nplaum thiab cov khoom loj. Cov qauv no tseem ceeb heev hauv kev lag luam xws li hluav taws xob engineering, hluav taws xob engineering, physics, astrophysics, cosmology, chemistry thiab lwm yam. Kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus no tuaj yeem pab tau tiag tiag rau txhua tus kws tshawb fawb hauv physics thiab lwm yam haujlwm.
Teb hluav taws xob
Ib qho chaw hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob zoo li "tus qaib thiab qe" teeb meem. Ib tug yuav tsum piav rau lwm tus. Lub teb hluav taws xob tau hais tias yog tsim los ntawm tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob txawm tias lawv tsiv los yog nyob ruaj ruaj. Ib qho hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tsim tau siv txhua lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm cov hlau nplaum. Muaj ob peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov hluav taws xob. Cov no yog hluav taws xob siv zog, hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm, thiab hluav taws xob flux ceev. Lub zog siv hluav taws xob txhais tau hais tias yog lub zog ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob los ntawm hluav taws xob. Qhov no yog muab los ntawm cov mis E=Q/4πεr 2, qhov twg Q yog tus nqi, ε yog qhov hluav taws xob permittivity ntawm nruab nrab thiab r yog qhov deb ntawm qhov taw tes ntawm qhov taw tes Q nqi. Lub peev xwm hluav taws xob txhais tau tias yog tus nqi ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib chav tsev nqi uas yuav tsum tau coj tus nqi ntawm chav tsev los ntawm infinity mus rau qhov muab. Qhov sib npaug ntawm kev xam qhov no yog V=Q / 4πεr qhov twg tag nrho cov cim muaj lub ntsiab lus dhau los. Lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov hluav taws xob yog qhov hluav taws xob flux ceev. Electric flux density yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob cov kab hluav taws xob mus rau perpendicular mus rau ib qho chaw hauv cheeb tsam. Gauss txoj cai lij choj thiab Ampere txoj cai tseem ceeb heev thaum kawm cov hluav taws xob no.
Gravitational Field
Gravitational teb yog tsim los ntawm ib qho loj hauv qhov chaw. Muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv cov teb gravitational xws li gravitational field intensity thiab gravitational peev xwm. Lub gravitational field siv kuj hu ua lub gravitational acceleration. Nws tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog lub zog ntawm ib chav tsev los ntawm qhov muab huab hwm coj. Nws suav nrog cov qauv g=GM / r 2, qhov twg G yog qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas thoob ntiaj teb thiab r yog qhov nrug. Lub peev xwm gravitational tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog tus nqi ntawm cov haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau ua ntawm ib chav tsev loj thiaj li coj tau nws los ntawm qhov kawg mus rau qhov muab.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob thiab qhov chaw gravitational?
– Gravitational teb tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsuas yog vim huab hwm coj, tab sis hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim raug nqi thiab lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm thaj chaw sib nqus.
– Cov khoom xws li hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob lossis hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem yog qhov tsis zoo lossis qhov zoo vim tias cov nqi hluav taws xob muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo, yog li ntawd qhov kev siv zog ntawm qhov gravitational tsuas tuaj yeem yog qhov zoo, thaum lub peev xwm ntawm qhov chaw gravitational tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo xwb.
– Cov kab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem txhais tau vim cov kab teb muaj pib thiab xaus ntawm cov ncej. Vim tsis muaj cov ncej gravitational, gravitational kab tsis tuaj yeem txhais tau.
