Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm genetic engineering thiab genome kho yog qhov kev tsim kho caj ces cuam tshuam nrog kev qhia cov khoom siv txawv teb chaws rau hauv cov genome, thaum kho cov genome tsis koom nrog kev qhia cov khoom siv txawv teb chaws.
Nrog kev txhim kho ntawm molecular genetic technology, cov kws tshawb fawb siv cov txuj ci sib txawv los tswj cov genome ntawm cov kab mob sib txawv thiab cov nroj tsuag kom tau txais cov yam ntxwv xav tau. Cov cwj pwm no koom nrog kev txhim kho kev ua liaj ua teb thiab hauv kev tshawb fawb tshiab. Manipulation ntawm genome tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau hom. Genetic engineering thiab genome editing yog ob txoj kev siv hauv kev ua liaj ua teb molecular biology nrog rau kev siv cov noob thev naus laus zis.
Dab tsi yog Genetic Engineering?
Genetic engineering yog cov txheej txheem uas tsim kev tsim kho, hloov kho, thiab rov ua dua ntawm DNA lossis RNA coj qhov chaw txhawm rau hloov kho lub cev nrog cov yam ntxwv xav tau. Genetic engineering muaj ntau yam kev siv xws li kev tshawb fawb, kev ua liaj ua teb, thiab biotechnology. Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, genetic engineering muab lub platform kom tau txais cov qoob loo sib txawv nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov yam ntxwv no suav nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo nrog cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, tiv thaiv kab mob, tiv thaiv drought, tiv thaiv kab tsuag, nce txee lub neej, thiab lwm yam.
Daim duab 01: Genetic Engineering
Nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb, genetic engineering muab lub platform kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tshawb fawb kev tshawb fawb raws li kev sib txawv. Genetic engineering muaj peb txoj kev sib txawv: txoj kev plasmid, txoj kev vector, thiab txoj kev biolistic. Tawm ntawm peb, txoj kev plasmid yog cov txheej txheem siv ntau tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov noob caj noob ces.
Genome Editing yog dab tsi?
Genome kho yog cov txheej txheem uas hloov DNA ntawm cov nroj tsuag, kab mob, thiab tsiaj txhu tshwm sim los ntawm DNA ntxig, tshem tawm, hloov kho, thiab hloov pauv. Thaum lub sij hawm kho genome, tsis muaj cov khoom genetic txawv teb chaws yog qhia rau lub genome. Kev kho genome yuav siv qhov chaw los hloov lub cev zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag lossis kab mob, ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig sib txawv thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob thiab lwm yam kab mob. Cov kws tshawb fawb ua genome kho los ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem.
Daim duab 02: Genome Editing
Genome kho kom nrawm dua, pheej yig dua, thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo dua. Kev kho genome tso cai rau cov kws tshawb fawb tshawb fawb los ua cov txheej txheem ntuj tsim kho DNA. Cov cuab yeej kho genome uas siv dav tshaj plaws yog CRISPR / Cas9, thiab nws yog lub cuab yeej muaj zog rau kev nkag siab cov noob muaj nuj nqi. CRISPR/Cas9 stands rau pawg tsis tu ncua interspaced luv palindromic repeats. Sib nrug ntawm qhov no, lwm cov genome kho cov cuab yeej suav nrog zinc-ntiv tes nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), thiab meganucleases. Cov txheej txheem no yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho genome.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Genetic Engineering thiab Genome Editing?
- Kev tsim kho caj ces thiab kho genome yog ob qhov chaw ntawm molecular biology.
- Lawv pab kho cov kab mob caj ces.
- Ob txoj kev xav tau cov kws tshaj lij.
- Ntxiv mus, lawv pab kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.
- Ob qho tib si genetic engineering thiab genome kho tau ua tiav hauv chav kuaj molecular.
Qhov txawv ntawm Genetic Engineering thiab Genome Editing yog dab tsi?
Genetic engineering koom nrog kev qhia txog cov khoom siv caj ces txawv teb chaws rau hauv genome, thaum kho genome tsis koom nrog kev qhia txog cov khoom siv txawv teb chaws. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm genetic engineering thiab genome kho. Ntxiv mus, genetic engineering koom nrog cov tswv yim xws li plasmid method, vector method, thiab biolistic method, thaum kho genome suav nrog cov tswv yim thiab cov cuab yeej xws li Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), meganucleases, thiab CRISPR. /Cas 9. Tsis tas li ntawd, genetic engineering tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov nqi thiab lub sijhawm, thaum kho cov genome sai dua thiab pheej yig dua hauv kev sib piv.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tsim kho caj ces thiab kho genome hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau kev sib piv ntawm ib sab.
Summary – Genetic Engineering vs Genome Editing
Kev tsim kho caj ces thiab kho genome yog cov txheej txheem biology molecular. Genetic engineering yog ib qho txheej txheem uas tsim kev tsim kho, hloov kho, thiab rov ua dua ntawm DNA lossis RNA coj los hloov kho lub cev nrog cov yam ntxwv xav tau. Genome kho yog txheej txheem uas hloov DNA ntawm cov nroj tsuag, kab mob, thiab tsiaj txhu tshwm sim los ntawm DNA tso, tshem tawm, hloov kho, thiab hloov. Genetic engineering koom nrog kev qhia txog cov khoom siv caj ces txawv teb chaws, thaum kho genome tsis koom nrog kev qhia txog cov khoom siv txawv teb chaws. Ntxiv mus, genetic engineering koom nrog cov tswv yim xws li plasmid method, vector method, thiab biolistic method, whereas genome editing koom nrog cov tswv yim thiab cov cuab yeej xws li Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), meganucleases, thiab CRISPR. /Cas 9. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tsim kho genetic engineering thiab genome kho.
