Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov lipid rafts thiab caveolae yog tias cov lipid raft yog ib lub tiaj tus qauv thaum lub caveola yog ib qho qauv invaginated.
Lipid rafts thiab caveolae yog ob lub microdomains ntawm plasma membrane. Lawv feem ntau enriched nyob rau hauv sphingolipids thiab cholesterol. Yog li ntawd, lawv muaj dej tsawg dua li cov seem ntawm daim nyias nyias. Ntxiv mus, ob lub microdomains no muaj ob qhov sib txawv ntawm cov protein sib xyaw, qhia tias lipids cov ntawv sau thiab caveolae tau teev cov luag haujlwm hauv kev tswj hwm txoj hauv kev.
Lipid Rafts yog dab tsi?
Lipid raft yog microdomain ntawm plasma membrane. Nws muaj cov qauv tiaj tus. Cov plasma daim nyias nyias ntawm cov hlwb muaj kev sib txuas ntawm glycosphingolipids, cholesterol thiab protein receptors, uas tau koom nrog hauv glycolipoprotein lipid microdomain hu ua lipid raft. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv qhov muaj nyob hauv cov plasma membrane yog qhov tsis sib haum xeeb. Nws tau raug pom zoo tias lub lipid raft yog ib qho tshwj xeeb membrane microdomain uas compartmentalizes cellular txheej txheem los ntawm kev ua hauj lwm raws li lub koom haum chaw rau kev sib sau ua ke ntawm signaling molecules. Qhov no tso cai rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov protein receptors thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig los txhawb kev sib cuam tshuam zoo nkauj uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev hloov cov teeb liab.
Daim duab 01: Lipid Raft
Lub tswv yim ntawm lipid rafts tau tsim los ntawm Simons thiab Ikonen hauv 1997. Ntawm Keystone Symposium ntawm Lipid Rafts thiab Cell Function hauv 1997, lipid rafts tau txhais tias me me (70nm) heterogeneous, muaj zog heev, sterol thiab sphingolipid. enriched domains uas compartmentalize cellular txheej txheem. Lipid rafts (planar rafts) txhais tau tias yog txuas ntxiv nrog lub dav hlau ntawm cov plasma daim nyias nyias thiab yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lawv qhov tsis muaj qhov txawv ntawm morphological nta. Lipids rafts kuj muaj cov protein tshwj xeeb hu ua flotillin.
Lipids rafts feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov neurons qhov twg caveolae tsis tuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj tau txhawb nqa tias cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv cov hlwb los ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm cov membrane microdomains tshwj xeeb, suav nrog lipid rafts.
Caveolae yog dab tsi?
Caveola yog microdomain ntawm cov plasma membrane uas muaj cov qauv invaginated. Caveolae tau tshawb pom los ntawm E. Yamada hauv xyoo 1955. Caveolae yog lub raj mis zoo li invaginations ntawm plasma membrane uas muaj cov proteins tshwj xeeb hu ua caveolin. Caveolin proteins yog cov qauv yooj yim pom nyob rau hauv caveolae. Caveolae yog dav pom nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, micro-cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub paj hlwb, endothelial hlwb, oligodendrocytes, Schwann hlwb, dorsal cag ganglia, thiab hippocampal neurons.
Daim duab 02: Caveolae
Nws tau raug pom zoo tias caveolins hauv caveolae ua cov qog nqaij hlav. Muaj peb hom caveolin proteins: caveolin 1, 2, thiab 3. Muaj ob hom caveolae hu ua tob thiab ntiav. Ob daim ntawv no muaj ob qhov sib txawv ntawm peb cov caveolin proteins thiab cov isoforms.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Lipid Rafts thiab Caveolae?
- Lipid rafts thiab caveolae yog ob lub microdomains hauv plasma membrane.
- Ob lub microdomains yog insoluble hauv detergents.
- Lawv muaj sphingomyelin, glycosphingolipid, thiab phosphatidylinositol 4.5- bisphosphate.
- Lawv muaj cov proteins tshwj xeeb.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv me me.
- Lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev tswj hwm txoj hauv kev los ntawm kev siv lawv cov receptors.
Qhov txawv ntawm Lipid Rafts thiab Caveolae yog dab tsi?
Lipid raft yog microdomain ntawm plasma membrane, muaj cov qauv tiaj tus, thaum caveola yog microdomain ntawm cov plasma membrane, muaj cov qauv zoo li lub raj mis. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lipid rafts thiab caveolae. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov loj ntawm lipid raft yog tsawg dua 70 nm, thaum qhov loj ntawm caveola yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 50-100 nm.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm lipid rafts thiab caveolae hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Lipid Rafts vs Caveolae
Muaj ob lub ntsiab membrane microdomains: lipid rafts thiab caveolae. Lipid raft yog ib lub tiaj tus qauv, thaum caveola yog ib qho qauv inviginated. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lipid rafts thiab caveolae. Lawv yog cov me me thiab enriched nyob rau hauv sphingolipids thiab cholesterol. Lawv pab ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev tswj hwm txoj hauv kev los ntawm kev siv lawv cov receptors.
