Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Delta thiab Omicron yog Delta ua rau cov tsos mob hnyav dua rau cov neeg mob, thaum Omicron ua rau cov tsos mob tsis tshua muaj rau cov neeg mob.
SARS-CoV-2 virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) is a strain of coronavirus that makes the COVID-19 disease. Nws yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev mob ua pa thiab kev kis tus kab mob COVID-19 tsis tu ncua. Tus kab mob no feem ntau kis ntawm tib neeg los ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm aerosols thiab cov kua ua pa. Ntxiv mus, nws nkag mus rau tib neeg lub hlwb los ntawm kev khi rau angiotensin-hloov enzyme 2 (ACE2) membrane protein. Muaj ntau hom kab mob SARS CoV-2. Lub koom haum saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv hauv ntiaj teb tam sim no tau tshaj tawm kev txhawj xeeb ntau dua txog tsib yam sib txawv: Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, thiab Omicron.
Delta yog dab tsi?
Delta yog qhov txawv ntawm tus kab mob SARS-CoV-2 uas ua rau muaj cov tsos mob hnyav dua hauv cov neeg mob COVID-19. Qhov kev sib txawv no tau pom nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb thaum xyoo 2020. Nws tau kis mus rau ntau dua 179 lub teb chaws thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2021. Qhov sib txawv no tau pom muaj pov thawj ntawm kev kis tau zoo dua, cov tsos mob hnyav, thiab txo qis nruab nrab los ntawm lub Tsib Hlis 2021. Thaum Lub Rau Hli 2021, Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb tau qhia txog Delta. variant yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb thoob ntiaj teb. Lub Delta (B.1.617.2) genome muaj 13 kev hloov pauv uas tsim kev hloov pauv hauv cov amino acid sequences ntawm cov proteins uas nws encodes. Cov npe ntawm kev hloov pauv protein ntau suav nrog 19R, G142D, Δ 156-157, R158G, L452R, T478K, D614G, P681R, thiab D950N. Plaub qhov kev hloov pauv, D614G, T478K, L452R, P681R, ntawm cov kev hloov pauv no (uas yog nyob rau hauv tus kab mob tus kab mob kis kab mob), yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb tshwj xeeb.
Qhov kev hloov pauv no kuj tau raug hu ua "Indian variant" raws li nws tau pom thaum xub thawj pom hauv Is Nrias teb. Txawm li cas los xij, Delta variant tsuas yog ib qho ntawm peb qhov sib txawv ntawm kab B.1.617. Delta variant tau xav tias yog ib feem ntawm lub luag haujlwm rau kev tuag nthwv dej thib ob ntawm kev sib kis ntawm Is Nrias teb. Tom qab ntawd, nws kuj tau pab txhawb rau nthwv dej thib peb hauv Fiji, United Kingdom, thiab South Africa. Hauv tebchaws United Kingdom, ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tias cov tsos mob tshaj tawm rau qhov sib txawv no yog mob taub hau, mob caj pas, ua npaws, thiab ua npaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev xaiv kho mob qhia rau cov delta variant xws li casirivimab, etesevimab, imdevimab, sotrovimab, remdesivir, ntxiv oxygen, thiab corticosteroids. Kev txhaj tshuaj yog qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Delta variant.
Omicron yog dab tsi?
Omicron (B.1.1.529) yog ib qho txawv ntawm tus kab mob SARS-CoV-2 uas ua rau muaj cov tsos mob tsawg dua rau cov neeg mob. Qhov sib txawv no tau tshaj tawm thawj zaug rau Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2021 los ntawm South Africa. Omicron variant multiplies 70 lub sij hawm sai dua Delta variant nyob rau hauv lub bronchi ntawm lub ntsws. Tab sis cov pov thawj qhia tias nws tsis tshua hnyav dua li yav dhau los hom kab mob SARS-CoV-2. Omicron tsis muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws tob. Ntxiv mus, Omicron kab mob yog 91% tsawg dua tuag dua li cov delta variant, nrog 51% tsawg dua kev mus pw hauv tsev kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, xav txog nws qhov kev sib kis ntau thiab nws lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv kev txhaj tshuaj ob zaug, Omicron tseem muaj kev txhawj xeeb heev. Omicron muaj 60 kev hloov pauv. Tawm ntawm lawv, 50 yog kev hloov pauv tsis yog kev hloov pauv, thaum 8 yog kev hloov pauv hloov pauv, thiab 2 yog kev hloov pauv tsis yog coding. Tag nrho ntawm peb caug kev hloov pauv cuam tshuam rau cov protein ntau.
Cov tsos mob tshwm sim tom qab tiv tauj tus kab mob no yog hnoos, qaug zog, txhaws ntswg, hnoos, mob taub hau, txham, thiab mob caj pas. Ib qho tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm cov tsos mob ntawm Omicron yog hmo ntuj tawm hws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev kho mob tau pom zoo rau Omicron variant suav nrog corticosteroids (dexamethasone), IL6 receptor blockers (tocilizumab), neutralizing monoclonal antibodies xws li sotrovimab. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog Pfizer zoo li ua tau zoo tiv thaiv Omicron variant ib yam.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Delta thiab Omicron?
- Delta thiab Omicron yog ob qhov sib txawv ntawm tus kab mob SARS-CoV-2.
- Lawv belongs rau B kab.
- Ob qhov sib txawv muaj qhov tshwm sim thoob ntiaj teb.
- Ob lub variants muaj ntau qhov kev hloov pauv piv rau tus thawj SARS-CoV-2.
- Cov kev hloov pauv no tuaj yeem kuaj pom los ntawm ntau PCR.
- Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv ob qho tib si.
Qhov txawv ntawm Delta thiab Omicron yog dab tsi?
Delta yog qhov txawv ntawm tus kab mob SARS-CoV-2 uas ua rau muaj cov tsos mob hnyav dua rau cov neeg mob, thaum Omicron yog qhov txawv ntawm tus kab mob SARS-CoV-2 uas ua rau cov tsos mob hnyav dua rau cov neeg mob. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Delta thiab Omicron. Tsis tas li ntawd, Delta muaj 13 qhov kev hloov pauv tshiab piv rau thawj tus kab mob SARS-CoV-2, thaum Omicron muaj 60 qhov kev hloov pauv tshiab piv rau thawj tus kab mob SARS-CoV-2.
Cov hauv qab no infographic nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm Delta thiab Omicron hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Delta vs Omicron
Delta thiab Omicron yog ob qhov sib txawv ntawm tus kab mob SARS-CoV-2 uas yog tus kab mob B. Lawv muaj qhov tshwm sim siab thoob ntiaj teb piv rau cov qauv ua ntej xws li Alpha, Beta, thiab Gamma. Delta ua rau cov tsos mob hnyav dua nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob, thaum Omicron ua rau cov tsos mob tsawg dua rau cov neeg mob. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Delta thiab Omicron
