Qhov txawv ntawm Cyanide thiab Isocyanide yog dab tsi

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Qhov txawv ntawm Cyanide thiab Isocyanide yog dab tsi
Qhov txawv ntawm Cyanide thiab Isocyanide yog dab tsi

Video: Qhov txawv ntawm Cyanide thiab Isocyanide yog dab tsi

Video: Qhov txawv ntawm Cyanide thiab Isocyanide yog dab tsi
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Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cyanide thiab isocyanide yog cov sib xyaw cyanide muaj CN pawg txuas nrog cov organic moiety los ntawm carbon atom, whereas isocyanide compounds muaj CN pawg txuas nrog cov organic moiety los ntawm nitrogen atom.

Cyanide thiab isocyanide yog isomers ntawm ib leeg. Qhov no yog txoj kev lub npe isocyanide yog muab los ntawm cyanide nrog lub npe "iso-." Cov no feem ntau yog cov tshuaj lom.

Cyanide yog dab tsi?

Cyanide yog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cyano (C≡N) pawg. Cov pab pawg cyano muaj cov pa roj carbon atom thiab nitrogen atom, uas txuas nrog peb daim ntawv cog lus. Yog li, lo lus cyanide yuav xa mus rau ib qho organic lossis inorganic compound uas muaj ib pawg cyano. Hauv qhov sib piv, lo lus nitrile yog hais txog cov organic compound uas muaj pawg cyano.

Cyanide vs Isocyanide hauv Tabular Form
Cyanide vs Isocyanide hauv Tabular Form

Daim duab 01: Cyanide

Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv inorganic cyanides, pawg cyano tam sim no yog ib qho anion, piv txwv li, sodium cyanide thiab potassium cyanide. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cyanide no muaj tshuaj lom heev. Hydrogen cyanide los yog HCN yog ib yam khoom uas tsis muaj zog thiab muaj kuab lom heev. Hauv nitriles, pawg cyano yog txuas nrog covalent daim ntawv cog lus rau tag nrho cov molecule (tsis yog ion). Ib qho piv txwv zoo yuav yog acetonitrile.

Ntxiv mus, cyanide yog tsim los ntawm ntau cov kab mob, fungi, thiab algae hom. Cyanide kuj yog ib feem ntawm ntau cov nroj tsuag. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tebchaw no tsim los ua cov khoom sib txuas ntawm kev sib txuas hauv qhov chaw tsis muaj oxygen.

Thaum xav txog kev siv cov cyanides, cov khoom sib txuas no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev khawb nyiaj thiab kub vim tias cyanides pab kom yaj cov hlau no. Tsis tas li ntawd, cyanide tseem ceeb ua ntej rau cov txheej txheem organic synthesis, xws li kev tsim cov nylon. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov ntawv thov ntawm cyanide hauv kev siv tshuaj thiab tshuaj tua kab.

Isocyanide yog dab tsi?

Isocyanides yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj pawg ua haujlwm -N≡C. Lub sij hawm isocyano originates los ntawm cov txheeb ze isomer, nitrile pawg (-C≡N), uas yog lub npe hu ua cyano pawg. Cov organic tshuaj moiety no txuas nrog cov pab pawg isocyanide ntawm nitrogen atom hauv pawg ua haujlwm no. Isocyanide tebchaw yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas ntawm lwm cov tebchaw, uas lawv ua raws li lub tsev blocks.

Muaj ob lub qauv resonance ua tau rau isocyanide molecules. Ib qho qauv resonance muaj peb npaug ntawm cov pa roj carbon thiab nitrogen atoms, thaum lwm cov qauv resonance muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus ntawm carbon thiab nitrogen atoms.

Cyanide thiab Isocyanide - Kev sib piv ntawm ib sab
Cyanide thiab Isocyanide - Kev sib piv ntawm ib sab

Daim duab 02: Ib qho piv txwv ntawm Isocyanide, Xanthocillin

Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm isocyanide yog nws cov ntxhiab tsw uas nkag mus, tsw ntxhiab tsw qab heev. Ntxiv mus, qee cov isocyanide tebchaw tuaj yeem ua rau lom, xws li. cyclohexyl isocyanide. Txawm li cas los xij, lwm cov isocyanides tsis pom muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev hauv cov tsiaj.

Muaj ntau ntau txoj hauv kev los tsim cov isocyanides, uas suav nrog kev tsim tawm los ntawm formamides, dichlorocarbene, nyiaj cyanide txoj kev, thiab lwm yam.

Qhov txawv ntawm Cyanide thiab Isocyanide yog dab tsi?

Cyanide thiab isocyanide yog isomers ntawm ib leeg. Qhov no yog txoj kev lub npe isocyanide yog muab los ntawm cyanide nrog lub npe iso-. “Cov no feem ntau yog cov tshuaj lom. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cyanide thiab isocyanide yog cov sib txuas cyanide muaj CN pawg txuas nrog cov organic moiety los ntawm cov pa roj carbon atom, hos isocyanide compounds muaj CN pawg txuas nrog cov organic moiety los ntawm nitrogen atom.

Cov ntawv qhia hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cyanide thiab isocyanide hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.

Summary – Cyanide vs Isocyanide

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cyanide thiab isocyanide yog cov sib xyaw cyanide muaj CN pawg txuas nrog cov organic moiety los ntawm carbon atom, whereas isocyanide compounds muaj CN pawg txuas nrog cov organic moiety los ntawm nitrogen atom.

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